Challenges in the formation of special teams to investigate complex crimes

Abstract

The objective of this study was to analyze the challenges in the formation of Special Teams for the investigation and criminal prosecution of complex crimes in the fiscal district of the context in Perú between 2022 – 2025. A documentary analysis was carried out that covered five relevant cases on the topic, in addition to applying an interview guide to a sample of seven lawyers specialized in criminal law with experience in the matter. It was found that the challenges were, from the lack of financial and logistical resources and highly trained specialized personnel, the need to guarantee functional stability and operational independence in the face of internal and external pressures, weak inter-institutional coordination and support, the absence of a solid legal framework, to political interference and institutional bureaucracy. These factors limit the operational capacity of the Special Teams, negatively affecting their performance in the investigation and prosecution of complex crimes. To achieve this, it is crucial to implement a series of reforms and improvements, such as guaranteeing an adequate budget, providing sufficient logistical resources, ensuring the independence of the teams, implementing continuous training programs for prosecutors and technicians, and defining clear protocols for inter-institutional cooperation.