Advanced mechatronic tracking system applied to high-absorbance photovoltaic cells for eco-efficient powering of environmental monitoring stations

Authors

  • J. Alan Calderón-Ch. Applied Physics, Institute for Physics, Technical University of Ilmenau, Ilmenau 98693, Germany. - Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, Mechatronic Master Program and Energy Laboratory, Lima, Perú. - Aplicaciones Avanzadas en Sistema Mecatrónicos JACH S.A.C., Perú. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6486-5105
  • Rusber A. Risco-O. Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, Mechatronic Master Program and Energy Laboratory, Lima, Perú. - Universidad Nacional del Santa, Áncash, Perú. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0194-169X
  • Álex J. Quispe-M. Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, Mechatronic Master Program and Energy Laboratory, Lima, Perú. - Universidad Nacional San Antonio Abad del Cusco, Cusco, Perú. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7788-1403
  • César Moreno- R. Universidad Nacional del Santa, Áncash, Perú. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7143-4450
  • Dante J. R. Gallo-T. Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, Mechatronic Master Program and Energy Laboratory, Lima, Perú. - Universidad Continental, Huancayo, Perú. https://orcid.org/0009-0004-4506-3205
  • L. Walter Utrilla-Mego Universidad Nacional San Antonio Abad del Cusco, Cusco, Perú. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8645-7324
  • Robert Castillo Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, Mechatronic Master Program and Energy Laboratory, Lima, Perú. - Universidad Nacional del Callao, Perú. https://orcid.org/0009-0002-5258-3319
  • John H. Lozano-J. Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, Mechatronic Master Program and Energy Laboratory, Lima, Perú. - Universidad Nacional del Centro del Perú, Huancayo, Perú. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8430-9480

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.62430/rtb20262422235

Keywords:

Environmental monitoring, Eco-efficient energy, Solar tracking, Lyapunov stability, High-absorbance cells

Abstract

Accurate monitoring of fragile ecosystems requires autonomous, non-intrusive technology that operates reliably in remote areas. This paper presents an advanced mechatronic tracking system designed to optimize the energy harvesting efficiency of high-absorbance photovoltaic cells, providing a robust and eco-efficient power supply for environmental monitoring stations. The mathematical modeling integrates a polynomial path design and a robust control strategy validated through Lyapunov stability analysis to ensure continuous tracking even under dense cloud cover or industrial particulate interference. An adaptive control law is developed using modulating functions to suppress high-frequency noise without complex digital filtering. Experimental simulation results demonstrate an energy tracking efficiency of 99.8%, effectively eliminating power-loss downtime. This technological development ensures long-term operational autonomy for ecological telemetry, minimizing field maintenance footprints and preventing chemical soil contamination from conventional lithium battery disposal in protected conservation zones. Finally, the simulation algorithms supported the prototype design, which also proposes the scope to work over very long distances to study planetary communications (such as, for example, between Mars and Earth).

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Published

2026-09-28

How to Cite

Calderón-Ch., J. A., Risco-O., R. A., Quispe-M., Álex J., Moreno- R., C., Gallo-T., D. J. R., Utrilla-Mego, L. W., … Lozano-J., J. H. (2026). Advanced mechatronic tracking system applied to high-absorbance photovoltaic cells for eco-efficient powering of environmental monitoring stations. The Biologist, 24(2). https://doi.org/10.62430/rtb20262422235