A checklist of all available published accounts of metazoan parasites reported from marine and

freshwater fishes in Peru is provided. This list includes records of 612 different species of

metazoan parasites (including unidentified parasites) belonging to the following groups:

Platyhelminthes (430 total), including Monogenea (175), Cestoda (140), and Trematoda (115);

Crustacea (99); Nematoda (49); Acanthocephala (16); Myxozoa (16) and Annelida (2). These

parasites were reported from 207 fish species in Peru (174 teleost, 31 elasmobranch and 2

unspecified host species). The records of parasites unidentified to the species level (182 of 612),

representing 30% of all species, were also included.Among the fish parasites reported from Peru,

391 were marine, 217 were freshwater and 4 species were found in the both environments, for a

total of 1015 parasite-host associations. The fish species that harbored the highest number of

parasites were Merluccius gayi peruanus Ginsburg, 1954 (32), followed by Paralonchurus

peruanus (Steindachner, 1875) (31), Scomber japonicus Houttuyn, 1782 (31), Sciaena deliciosa

(Tschudi, 1846) (29) and Stellifer minor (Tschudi, 1846) (28), all of which are marine fish. The

parasites with the highest number of records were larvae of the cestodes Adenocephalus pacificus

Nybelin, 1931 (19), larvae of the nematode Anisakis sp. (18), larvae of Contracaecum sp. (17)

and larvae and adults of Lacistorhynchus tenuis (16), all of which were recovered from marine

fish, except for Contracaecum sp. larvae, which were recovered from both marine and freshwater

environments. The parasite diversity in Peruvian fishes seems to be biased by the sampling host

according to researcher interests, but it is also related to the biological features of both the

parasites and the hosts.

REVIEW ARTICLE/ ARTÍCULO DE REVISIÓN

CHECKLIST OF METAZOAN PARASITES OF FISHES FROM PERU

LISTA DE VERIFICACIÓN DE LOS METAZOOS PARÁSITOS DE PECES DE PERÚ

1* 2 2 3 3 4

José L. Luque ; Celso Cruces ; Jhon Chero ; Fabiano Paschoal ; Philippe V. Alves ; Ana C. Da Silva ; Lidia

5 6,7

Sanchez & José Iannacone

1Departamento de Parasitologia Animal, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Caixa Postal 74.540, Seropédica, RJ,

Brazil, CEP 23851-970.

2Laboratorio de Parasitología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Matemática, Universidad Nacional

Federico Villarreal, El Agustino, Lima, Perú.

3Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Rodovia BR 465 – Km 7,

Seropédica, RJ, Brasil, CEP 23890-000.

4Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Veterinária, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual

Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho”, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castelanne s/n, Jaboticabal,

SP, Brazil, CEP 14884-900.

Departamento de Protozoología, Helmintología e Invertebrados Afines, Museo de Historia Natural, Universidad

Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Perú.

6Laboratorio de Ecologia y Biodiversidad Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Matemática, Universidad Nacional

Federico Villarreal, El Agustino, Lima, Perú.

7Laboratorio de Parasitología. Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas. Universidad Ricardo Palma, Santiago de Surco, Lima, Perú.

*Corresponding author: E-mail: luqueufrrj@gmail.com

Neotropical Helminthology, 2016, 10(2), jul-dic: 301-375.

ABSTRACT

Keywords: Biodiversity – Pacific Ocean – Parasites– South American – Neotropics – Parasites – Taxonomy

301

ISSN Versión impresa 2218-6425 ISSN Versión Electrónica 1995-1043

302

RESUMEN

Palabras clave: América del sur – Biodiversidad – Neotrópico – Oceano Pacífico – ParásitosTaxonomia

Se proporciona una lista de verficación de todos los registros válidos publicados de los metazoos

parásitos reportados en peces marinos y de agua dulce de Perú. Esta lista incluye los registros de

612 especies diferentes de metazoos parásitos (incluyendo parásitos no identificados) que

pertenecen a los siguientes grupos: Platyhelminthes (430 total), incluyendo Monogenea (175),

Cestoda (140), y Trematoda (115); Crustacea (99); Nematoda (49); Acanthocephala (16);

Myxozoa (14) y Annelida (2). Estos parásitos fueron reportados de 207 especies de peces de Perú

(174 teleósteos, 31 elasmobranquios y 2 especies de hospederos no determinados). Los registros

de los parásitos no identificados a nivel de especie (182 de 612), representando el 30% de todas

las especies, también fueron incluidos. Entre los parásitos de peces reportados de Perú, 391

fueron marinos, 217 de agua dulce y 4 especies se encontraron en ambos ambientes, para un total

de 1015 asociaciones parásito-hospedero. Las especies de peces que albergaron el mayor número

de parásitos fueron Merluccius gayi peruanus Ginsburg, 1954 (32), seguido de Paralonchurus

peruanus (Steindachner, 1875) (31), Scomber japonicus Houttuyn, 1782 (31), Sciaena deliciosa

(Tschudi, 1846) (29) y Stellifer minor (Tschudi, 1846) (28), todos ellos son peces marinos. Los

parásitos con el mayor número de registros fueron las larvas del cestodo Adenocephalus

pacificus Nybelin, 1931 (19), larvas del nematodo Anisakis sp. (18), larvas de Contracaecum sp.

(17) y larvas y adultos de Lacistorhynchus tenuis (16), los cuales fueron recuperados de peces

marinos, excepto las larvas de Contracaecum sp., las cuales fueron recuperados de ambos

ambientes. La diversidad de parásitos en peces peruanos parece estar sesgado por el hospedero

muestreado de acuerdo a los intereses del investigador, sino que también está relacionado con las

características biológicas de los parásitos y de los hospederos.

Neotropical Helminthology. Vol. 10, Nº2, jul-dic 2016

INTRODUCTION

There is currently a consensus that parasites

represent a large fraction of the Earth's total

biodiversity (Poulin, 2014), though several

questions remain unanswered regarding the

magnitude of parasite diversity and its

distribution in the world. Luque & Poulin

(2007) noted that studies on the diversity of

fish parasites have intensified, but these

organisms remain an underestimated

component of the total biodiversity in many

regions of the globe. They also suggested that

regional differences may reflect the true

biological patterns, which should be

considered when selecting targets for local fish

parasitology research.

Peru is an extremely diverse country with

several distinct marine and freshwater

environments. The Peruvian coast borders the

Pacific Ocean and comprises approximately

2500 km, including the Central Peru and

Humboldtian marine ecoregions (Spaldin,

2007), with a fish richness estimated at 705

species (Froese & Pouly, 2015).

For freshwater environments, the Peruvian

Amazon, which is well known for its high

biodiversity, comprises approximately 62% of

the country and includes the second-largest

portion of the Amazon rainforest after Brazil

(IIAP, 2011). Further, Peruvian territory

includes two biodiversity hotspots with a high

number of teleosts: the Tropical Andes

(between 400 and 600 freshwater fishes, nearly

Luque et al.

303

that were not indexed by electronic databases

but were known to the authors were also

included. Undergraduate theses and scientific

meetings do not constitute formal publications

and were thus not considered. Records

published up to May 2016 are included.

The following parasite taxa were included:

Acanthocephala, Annelida (Hirudinea),

Crustacea (Malacostraca and Maxillopoda),

Myxozoa, Nematoda and Platyhelminthes

(Trematoda, Monogenea, and Cestoda).

The checklist follows the classification and

systematic arrangement proposed by Ahyong

et al. (2011) for Branchiura and Isopoda; Amin

(2013) for Acanthocephala; Anderson et al.

(2009) and Gibbons (2010) for Nematoda;

Boxshall & Halsey (2004) for Copepoda;

Cohen et al. (2013) for Monogenea; Davies

(1991) for Hirudinea; Gibson et al. (2002),

Jones et al. (2005) and Bray et al. (2008) for

Trematoda; Khalil et al. (1994) for Cestoda;

and Lom & Dyková (2006) for Myxozoa.

Parasite species are arranged by phylum, class,

order and family and are presented in

alphabetical order, followed by information on

h o s t / l o c a l i t y r e c o r d s , s i t e o f

infection/infestation, stage of development,

habitat (freshwater/marine) and references

(between parentheses, in chronological order).

When the taxonomic status of a parasite

species required clarification, the section

“Notes” is included with the relevant

bibliographic references.

The names of host species follow Froese &

Pauly (2015). The species of fishes in the host-

parasite list are arranged according to the

higher-level classification of Nelson (2006).

Parasite names were updated in agreement

with the recent literature, but inclusion in the

parasite or host lists does not necessarily imply

that authors agree with their validity.

40% of which are endemic) and Tumbes-

Chocó-Magdalena (approximately 250

species of fishes) (Anderson & Maldonado-

Ocampo, 2011; Conservation International,

2011).

According to Froese & Pouly (2015), there are

914 species of freshwater fishes in Peru,

suggesting a high diversity of fish parasites as

well. However, the literature on this subject is

highly dispersed, and numerous papers have

been published in regional or local journals

that are not indexed. Few researchers have

compiled this information, and all have

focused on marine fish hosts (Tantaleán et al.,

1982, 1985; Luque, 1991; Luque et al., 1991;

Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994). More recently,

Luque & Poulin (2007) counted 146 and 485

freshwater and marine parasite-host

associations from 49 and 98 freshwater and

marine fishes, respectively.

Here, we provide a checklist of metazoan

parasites that are associated with both marine

and freshwater fishes from Peru, including

detailed information on their locality, habitat,

site of infection/infestation and life-cycle

stage. The information is presented as parasite-

host and host-parasite lists. We have attempted

to include information from all published

reports.

The database was compiled from an extensive

bibliographical review of metazoan parasites

reported from fishes in Peruvian waters using

two approaches. First, a search was performed

through the Zoological Records, Biological

Abstracts and Helminthological Abstracts,

Web of Knowledge, Google Scholar, Aquatic

Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts, Biological

and Agricultural Index Plus and Scopus, using

a combination of several key words. Second,

monographs and articles published in Spanish

Neotropical Helminthology. Vol. 10, Nº2, jul-dic 2016

MATERIAL AND METHODS

Metazoan Parasites of Fishes from Peru

304

A total of 1015 parasite-host associations were

found, including 612 named species (including

unidentified ones) of metazoan parasites

belonging to the following taxa: Monogenea

(175), Cestoda (140), Trematoda (115),

C r u s t a c e a ( 9 9 ) , N e m a t o d a ( 4 9 ) ,

Acanthocephala (16), Myxozoa (16) and

Annelida (2). Reports of parasites that were not

identified to the species level constituted 182

of the 612 (30%) species included (Table 1).

Three-hundred ninety-one species were

marine parasites, 217 were freshwater and 4

species were recorded in the both habitats

(Table 2). A total of 207 (113 marine, 94

freshwater) species of fishes from Peru have

been reported as hosts of metazoan parasites.

O f t h em , 1 7 4 ar e t e le o s ts , 3 1 a re

elasmobranchs and 2 are unspecified host

species. The fish species with the highest

number of parasites were the marine fishes

Merluccius gayi peruanus Ginsburg, 1954

(32), followed by Paralonchurus peruanus

(Steindachner, 1875) (31), Scomber japonicus

Houttuyn, 1782 (31), Sciaena deliciosa

(Tschudi, 1846) (29) and Stellifer minor

(Tschudi, 1846) (28). The freshwater fishes

with the most parasite records were

Pseudoplatystoma fasciatum (Linnaeus, 1766)

(11) and Arapaima gigas (Schinz, 1822),

Potamotrygon motoro (Müller & Henle,

1841), Orestias luteus Valenciennes, 1846

(each with 9 reports). Parasites with the most

reports were the larval stage of the

diphyllobothriidean Adenocephalus pacificus

Nybelin, 1931 (19), larvae of Anisakis sp. (18),

larvae of Contracaecum sp. (17) and adults and

larvae of the trypanorhynch cestode

Lacistorhynchus tenuis (16), all of which are

parasitic in marine fishes, except for

Contracaecum sp., which is parasitic in

freshwater and marine fish. The localities with

the highest number of records were Lima

(285), Loreto (148) and La Libertad (120).

RESULTS PARASITE-HOST LIST

PHYLUM ACANTHOCEPHALA

Rudolphi, 1802

Class Eoacanthocephala Van Cleave, 1936

Order Neoechinorhynchida Southwell &

MacFie, 1925

Family Neoechinorhynchidae (Ward, 917)

Gorytocephalus plecostomorum Nickol &

Thatcher, 1971

Pterygoplichthys multiradiatus; adult;

intestine; freshwater; Loreto (Schmidt &

Hugghins, 1973a; Tantaleán et al., 2005).

Neoechinorhynchus sp.

Colossoma macropomum, Prochilodus

nigricans; adult; intestine; freshwater;

Loreto, Ucayali (Schmidt & Hugghins,

1973a; Tantaleán et al., 2005).

Pandosentis iracundus Van Cleave, 1920

Aequidens sp., Geophagus steindachneri;

adult; intestine; freshwater; Ucayali,

Loreto (Tantaleán et al., 2005).

Class Palaeacanthocephala Meyer, 1931

Order Echinorhynchida Southwell &

MacFie, 1925

Family Cavisomidae Meyer, 1932

Paracavisoma impudica (Diesing, 1851)

Oxydoras niger; adult; intestine;

freshwater; Ucayali (Schmidt &

Hugghins, 1973b; Tantaleán et al., 2005).

Family Diplosentidae Tubangui &

Masilungan, 1937

Sharpilosentis peruviensis Lisitsyna, Scholz

& Kuchta, 2015

Duopalatinus cf. peruanus; Oxydoras

niger; adult; intestine; freshwater; Loreto

(Lisitsyna et al., 2015).

Family Rhadinorhynchidae Lühe, 1912

Gorgorhynchus sp.

Anisotremus scapularis, Hemilutjanus

macrophthalmos; adult; intestine,

mesentery; marine; Lima (Tantaleán &

Lefevre, 2004; Chero et al., 2014d).

Neotropical Helminthology. Vol. 10, Nº2, jul-dic 2016 Luque et al.

305

Rhadinorhynchus plagioscionis Thatcher,

1980

Plagioscion squamosissimus; adult;

intestine; freshwater; Loreto (Iannacone

& Luque, 1993b).

Rhadinorhynchus pristis (Rudolphi, 1802)

Scomber japonicus; adult; intestine;

marine; La Libertad (Cruces et al., 2014).

Rhadinorhynchus sp.

Stellifer minor, Trachurus murphyi; adult;

intestine; marine; Lima, Lambayeque

(Oliva et al., 1990; Luque et al., 1991;

Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994; Oliva & Luque,

1998b; Tantaleán et al., 2005).

Tegorhynchus sp.

Cynoscion analis, Labrisomus philippii,

Paralonchurus peruanus, Sciaena

deliciosa, Trachurus murphyi; adult;

intestine; marine, Chimbote, La Libertad,

Lambayeque, Lima (Luque et al., 1991;

Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994; Jara & Ponte,

1995; Oliva & Luque, 1998b; Tantaleán et

al., 2005; Iannacone et al., 2010a).

Order Polymorphida Petrochenko, 1956

Family Polymorphidae Meyer, 1931

Bolbosoma sp.

Merluccius gayi peruanus; larvae;

visceral surface; marine; Lima (Chero et

al., 2014b).

Corynosoma australe Johnston, 1937

Labrisomus philippii, Paralonchurus

peruanus, Sciaena deliciosa, Sebastes

capensis, Trachurus murphyi; larvae;

abdominal cavity, gills; marine; Lima,

Piura (Luque & Oliva, 1993b; Oliva,

1999; Oliva & Luque, 1998b, 2002;

González & Poulin, 2005; Tantaleán et al.,

2005; González et al., 2006; Iannacone et

al., 2011b; Cruces et al., 2015).

Corynosoma obtuscens Lincicome, 1943

Cilus gilberti, Coryphaena hippurus,

C y no s c i o n a na l i s , G a l e i ch t h y s

peruvianus, Isacia conceptionis,

Labrisomus philippii, Merluccius gayi

peruanus, Odontesthes regia, Paralabrax

humeralis, Paralichthys adspersus,

Paralonchurus peruanus, Scartichthys

gigas, Sciaena deliciosa, Scomber

japonicus, Stellifer minor, Trachurus

murphyi; larvae; liver, mesentery, visceral

surface; marine; Ica, La Libertad,

Lambayeque, Lima, Piura, Tumbes

(López & Tantaleán, 1985; Oliva et al.,

1990; Rivera & Sarmiento, 1990a;

Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994; Cabrera &

Tantaleán, 1995; Jara, 1998; Pérez et al.,

1999; Llerena et al., 2001; Tantaleán et al.,

2005; Chero et al., 2014ac; Paschoal et al.,

2015; Iannacone et al., 2015; Tarmeño et

al., 2015; Minaya et al., 2016).

Corynosoma sp.

Brama japonica, Cynoscion analis,

O d o n t est h e s re g i a, Par a l a bra x

humeralis, Paralichthys adspersus,

Paralonchurus peruanus, Prionotus

stephanophrys, Seriolella violácea,

Stellifer minor, Trachurus murphyi;

larvae; mesentery, visceral surface;

marine; Lima (Armas, 1983b; Oliva et al.,

1990; Luque et al., 1991; Luque & Oliva,

1993a; Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994; Oliva &

Luque, 1998b; Tantaleán et al., 2005;

Iannacone & Alvariño, 2013; Paschoal et

al., 2015).

Profilicollis altmani (Perry, 1942)

Anisotremus scapularis, Labrisomus

philippii; larvae; gills, intestine; marine;

Lima (Luque, 1991; Tantaleán & Huiza,

1994; Tantaleán et al., 2005; Iannacone &

Alvariño, 2009b, Chero et al., 2014d;

Paschoal et al., 2015; Cruces et al., 2015).

P o l y m o r p h u s s p i n d l a t u s A m i m &

Heckmann, 1991

Orestias agassizii, O. luteus, O. mulleri,

O. olivaceus, Orestias sp., Oreochromis

niloticus; larvae; body cavity; freshwater;

Puno (Amin, 1995; Tantaleán et al., 2005;

Amin et al., 2010).

PHYLUM ANNELIDA Linnaeus, 1758

Class Hirudinea Lamarck, 1894

Order Rhynchobdellida Blanchard, 1893

Neotropical Helminthology. Vol. 10, Nº2, jul-dic 2016 Metazoan Parasites of Fishes from Peru

306

Family Piscicolidae Johnston, 1865

Piscicolidae gen. sp.

Cilus gilberti, Labrisomus philippii,

Paralonchurus peruanus, Sciaena

deliciosa; adult; gills; marine; Lima

(Luque & Oliva, 1993a; Oliva & Luque,

1998b; Iannacone et al., 2011b; Chero et

al., 2014c).

Stibarobdella moorei (Oka, 1910)

Rhinobatos planiceps; adult; skin; marine;

Lima (Iannacone et al., 2011a)

PHYLUM ARTHROPODA von Siebold,

1848

Class Maxillopoda Dahl, 1956

Order Arguloida Yamaguti, 1963

Family Argulidae Leach, 1819

Argulus peruvianus Oliva, Durán & Verano

1980

Merluccius peruanus; adult; eyes, gills,

opercule, skin; marine; Lima (Durán &

Oliva, 1980; Oliva et al., 1980; Luque et

al., 1991; Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994).

Dolops geayi (Bouvier, 1897)

Cichlasoma amazonarum; adult; skin;

freshwater; Loreto (Lo et al., 2011)

Order Cyclopoida Burmeister, 1834

Family Bomolochidae Sumpf, 1871

Acanthocolax peruensis (Luque & Bruno,

1990)

M e n t i c i r r h u s o p h i c e p h a l u s ,

Paralonchurus peruanus, Sciaena

deliciosa, Stellifer minor; adult; gills;

marine; Lima (Luque & Bruno, 1990a;

Luque et al., 1991; Luque & Oliva, 1993a;

Luque, 1994a).

Acantholochus nudiusculus (Cressey &

Cressey, 1980)

Scomberomorus sierra; adult; gills;

marine; Northern coastal zone (Cressey &

Cressey, 1980; Luque et al., 1991;

Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994).

Bomolochus bellones Burmeister, 1833

Strongylura scapularis; adult; gills;

marine; Lima (Luque & Farfán, 1990c;

Luque et al., 1991; Tantaleán & Huiza,

1994).

Bomolochus constrictus (Cressey &

Collette, 1970)

Ablennes hians, Strongylura exilis,

Tylosurus acus acus; adult; gills; marine;

Piura (Cressey & Collette, 1970; Luque et

al., 1991; Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994).

Bomolochus ensiculus (Cressey, in Cressey

& Collette, 1970)

Strongylura exilis; adult; gills; marine;

Lima, Tumbes (Cressey & Collette, 1970;

Luque et al., 1991; Tantaleán & Huiza,

1994).

Bomolochus nitidus Wilson, 1911

Mugil cephalus; adult; gills; marine;

Lima (Iannacone & Alvariño, 2009c).

Bomolochus sp.

Paralichthys adspersus, Peprilus medius;

adult; gills; marine; Lima (Iannacone &

Alvariño, 2008; Iannacone et al., 2012a).

Hamaticolax galeichthyos (Luque & Bruno,

1990)

Galeichthys peruvianus; adult; gills;

marine; Lima (Luque & Bruno, 1990b;

Luque et al., 1991; Iannacone & Luque,

1993a; Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994).

Hamaticolax paralabracis (Luque & Bruno,

1990)

Paralabrax humeralis; adult; gills;

marine; Lima (Luque & Bruno, 1990b;

Luque et al., 1991; Tantaleán & Huiza,

1994).

Family Chondracanthidae Milne

Edwards, 1840

Acanthochondria sicyasis (Krøyer, 1863)

Labrisomus philippii, Scartichthys gigas,

Sicyases sanguineus; adult; gills; marine;

Lima (Durán & Oliva, 1983; Luque et al.,

1991; Farfán et al., 1993; Tantaleán &

Huiza, 1994; Iannacone & Alvariño, 2011;

Iannacone et al., 2011b; Iannacone et al.,

2012b).

Blias prionoti Krøyer, 1863

Hemanthias peruanus, Prionotus

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307

punctatus; adult; gills; marine; Northern

coastal zone, Piura (Ho, 1970; Luque et

al., 1991; Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994).

Chondracanthus lepophidii Ho, 1974

Cherublemma emmelas; adult; gills;

marine; Lambayeque, Northern coastal

zone (Ho, 1974; Luque et al., 1991;

Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994).

Chondracanthus sp.

Coryphaena hippurus, Merluccius gayi

peruanus; adult; gills; marine; La

Libertad, Northern coastal zone (Jara &

Díaz-Limay, 1995; Vásquez-Ruiz et al.,

2012).

Protochondria longicauda Ho, 1970

Hippoglossina bollmani; adult; gills;

marine; Lambayeque, Northern coastal

zone (Ho, 1970; Luque et al., 1991;

Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994).

Family Ergasilidae von Nordmann, 1832

Amplexibranchius bryconis Thatcher &

Paredes, 1985

Brycon cephalus; adult; gills; freshwater;

Loreto (Thatcher & Paredes, 1985b).

Ergasilus sp.

Mugil cephalus; adult; gills; marine; La

Libertad (Jara & Díaz-Limay, 1995.

Family Lernaeidae Cobbold, 1879

Lernaea gamitanae (Thatcher & Paredes,

1985)

Colossoma macropomum; adult; skin;

freshwater; Loreto (Thatcher & Paredes,

1985a; Mathews et al., 2011).

Lernaea sp.

Labrisomus philippii; adult; gills; marine;

Trujillo (Jara & Díaz-Limay, 1995).

Family Philichthyidae Vogt, 1877

Colobomatus goodingi Cressey & Collette,

1970

Tylosurus acus acus; adult; cephalic

channels; marine; Piura (Cressey &

Collette, 1970; Luque et al., 1991;

Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994).

Colobomatus quadrifarius Cressey &

Schotte, 1983

A n i s ot re m u s sc a p ul a r i s; a d u lt ;

mandibular canals; marine; Lima (Luque

& Farfán, 1990c; Luque et al., 1991;

Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994).

Order Siphonostomatoida Thorell, 1859

Family Caligidae Burmeister, 1835

Caligodes laciniatus (Krøyer, 1863)

Ablennes hians, Tylosurus pacificus;

adult; mouth; marine; Tumbes (Cressey &

Collette, 1970; Luque et al., 1991;

Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994).

Caligus bonito Wilson, 1905

Sarda chiliensis, Trachurus murphyi;

adult; gills; marine; La Libertad, Lima,

Northern coastal zone (Durán, 1980;

Durán & Oliva, 1983; Cressey & Cressey,

1980; Luque et al., 1991; Tantaleán &

Huiza, 1994; Jara & Díaz-Limay, 1995).

Caligus callaoensis Durán, 1980

Cheilotrema fasciatum, Paralonchurus

peruanus, Sciaena deliciosa; adult; gills,

internal surface of the operculum; marine;

La Libertad, Lima (Durán, 1980; Luque et

al., 1991; Luque & Oliva, 1993a; Luque,

1996; Oliva & Luque, 1998b; Tantaleán &

Huiza, 1994; Jara & Díaz-Limay, 1995;

Iannacone et al., 2010a).

Caligus cheilodactyli Krøyer, 1863

Cheilodactylus variegatus; adult; gills,

skin; marine; Lima (Luque & Farfán,

1990c; Luque et al., 1991; Tantaleán &

Huiza, 1994; Iannacone et al., 2003).

Caligus coryphaenae Streenstrup & Lütken,

1861

Coryphaena hippurus, Katsuwonus

pelamis; adult; gills; marine; Northern

coastal zone (Cressey & Cressey, 1980;

Luque et al., 1991; Tantaleán & Huiza,

1994; Vásquez-Ruiz et al., 2012).

Caligus debueni Stuardo & Fagetti, 1961

Merluccius gayi peruanus; adult; gills;

marine; Lima (Durán, 1980; Durán &

Oliva, 1980; Luque et al., 1991; Tantaleán

& Huiza, 1994; Chero et al., 2014b).

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Caligus omissus Cressey & Cressey, 1980

Scomberomorus sierra; adult; gills;

marine; Northern coastal zone (Cressey &

Cressey, 1980; Luque et al., 1991;

Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994).

Caligus pelamydis Krøyer, 1863

Scomber japonicus; adult; unspecified site

of infection; marine; Lima (Oliva et al.,

2008).

Caligus productus Dana, 1852

Katsuwonus pelamis; adult; gills; marine;

Lima, Northern coastal zone (Cressey &

Cressey, 1980; Luque et al., 1991;

Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994).

Caligus quadratus Shiino, 1954

Paralabrax humeralis, Stellifer minor,

Trachinotus paitensis; adult; gills, mouth;

marine; La Libertad, Lima (Luque &

Farfán, 1990c, 1991a; Oliva et al., 1990;

Luque et al., 1991; Luque, 1996; Oliva &

Luque, 1998b; Jara & Díaz-Limay, 1995).

Caligus teres Wilson, 1905

Merluccius gayi peruanus; adult; gills;

marine; Lima (Durán, 1980; Luque et al.,

1991; Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994).

Caligus sp.

C o r y p h a e n a h i p p u r u s , I s a c i a

conceptionis, Peprilus medius, Sarda

chiliensis, Tylosurus pacificus; adult;

gills; marine; Ica, La Libertad, Lima,

Piura (Chirinos de Vildoso, 1955; Cressey

& Collette, 1970; Tantaleán & Huiza,

1994; Iannacone & Alvariño, 2008; Jara &

Díaz-Limay, 1995).

Gloiopotes huttoni (Thomson 1890)

Makaira sp., Xiphias gladius; adult; skin;

marine; Piura (Shiino, 1963; Luque et al.,

1991; Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994).

Gloiopotes watsoni Kirtisinghe, 1934

Makaira nigricans; adult; unspecified site

of infection; marine; unspecified locality

(Cressey, 1967a).

Lepeophtheirus edwardsi Wilson, 1905

Paralichthys adspersus; adult; skin;

marine; Lima (Luque & Farfán, 1990c;

Luque et al., 1991; Tantaleán & Huiza,

1994).

Lepeophtheirus marginatus Bere, 1936

Galeichthys sp.; adult; skin; marine; Piura

(Shiino & Izawa, 1966; Luque et al., 1991;

Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994).

Lepeophtheirus sp.

Merluccius gayi peruanus; adult; gills;

marine; Lima (Durán & Oliva, 1980;

Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994).

Family Dichelesthiidae Milne Edwards,

1840

Anthosoma crassum (Abildgaard, 1794)

Isurus oxyrinchus, Prionace glauca;

adult; mouth; marine; 08°47'-33°24'S,

77°02'-89°31'W (Cressey, 1968;

Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994).

Family Eudactylinidae Wilson, 1992

Eudactylina myliobatidos Luque & Farfán,

1991

Myliobatis chilensis; adult; gills; marine;

Lima (Luque & Farfán, 1991c).

Eudactylina peruensis Luque & Farfán,

1991

Rhinobatos planiceps; adult; gills;

marine; Lima (Luque & Farfán, 1991c).

Nemesis lamna lamna Risso, 1826

Isurus oxyrinchus; adult; gills; marine;

10°28'-33°24'S, 77°02'-89°31'W

(Cressey, 1968; Tantaleán & Huiza,

1994).

Family Hatschekiidae Kabata, 1979

Hatschekia amphiprocessa Castro-Romero

& Baeza-Kuroki, 1986

Paralabrax humeralis; adult; gills;

marine; Lima (Luque & Farfán, 1990c;

Luque et al., 1991; Tantaleán & Huiza,

1994).

Hatschekia conifera Yamaguti, 1939

Brama japonica; adult; gills; marine;

Lima (Iannacone & Alvariño, 2013).

Family Lernaeopodidae Milne-Edwards,

1840

Brachiella sp.

Merluccius gayi peruanus; adult; gills;

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309

marine; Lima (Durán & Oliva, 1980).

Clavella applicata Castro-Romero & Baeza-

Kuroki, 1985

Anisotremus scapularis; adult; gills;

marine; Lima (Luque & Farfán 1990c;

Luque et al., 1991; Tantaleán & Huiza,

1994; Iannaconne & Alvariño, 2009b;

Paschoal et al., 2015).

Clavella simplex Castro-Romero & Baeza-

Kuroki, 1985

Isacia conceptionis; adult; caudal

peduncle, fins; marine; Lima (Luque &

Farfán, 1990c; Luque et al., 1991;

Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994; Iannacone et

al., 2015).

Clavella sp.

Stellifer minor; adult; gills; marine; Lima

(Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994).

Clavellisa scombri (Kurz, 1877)

Scomber japonicus; adult; gills; marine;

La Libertad, Lima (Cressey & Cressey,

1980; Luque et al., 1991; Tantaleán &

Huiza, 1994; Oliva et al., 2008; Cruces et

al., 2014).

Clavellopsis sp.

Paralonchurus peruanus; adult; gills;

marine; Lima (Luque & Oliva, 1993a;

Luque, 1996; Oliva & Luque, 1998b).

Clavellotis dilatata (Krøyer, 1863)

Cheilodactylus variegatus, Menticirrhus

ophicephalus, Stellifer minor; adult; gills;

marine; La Libertad, Lima (Luque &

Farfán, 1990b; Oliva et al., 1990; Luque et

al., 1991; Luque, 1994a, 1996; Tantaleán

& Huiza, 1994; Oliva & Luque, 1998b;

Jara & Díaz-Limay, 1995; Iannacone et

al., 2003; Iannacone, 2004).

Clavellotis sp.

Sciaena deliciosa; adult; gills, palate;

marine; Lima (Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994).

Naobranchia lizae (Krøyer, 1863)

Mugil cephalus; adult; gills; marine; Lima

(Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994).

Ommatokoita elongata (Grant, 1827)

Rhinobatos planiceps; adult; eyes, skin;

marine; Lima (Iannacone et al., 2011a).

Parabrachiella anisotremi Castro-Romero

& Baeza-Kuroki, 1989

Anisotremus scapularis; adult; marine;

Lima (Iannacone & Alvariño, 2009b;

Paschoal et al., 2015).

Parabrachiella chevreuxii (Van Beneden,

1891)

Paralonchurus peruanus; adult; gills;

marine; Lima (Luque & Farfán, 1990b;

Luque et al., 1991; Luque & Oliva, 1993a;

Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994; Luque, 1996).

Parabrachiella exilis (Shiino, 1956)

Mugil cephalus; adult; gills; marine; Lima

(Luque & Farfán, 1990c).

Parabrachiella fasciata (Castro-Romero &

Baeza-Kuroki, 1987)

Cheilotrema fasciatum; adult; gills;

marine; Lima (Luque & Farfán, 1990b;

Luque et al., 1991; Tantaleán & Huiza,

1994; Luque, 1996).

Parabrachiella insidiosa (Heller, 1865)

Merluccius gayi peruanus; adult; gills;

marine; Lima (Durán & Oliva, 1980,

1983; Luque et al., 1991; Tantaleán &

Huiza, 1994; Chero et al., 2014b).

Parabrachiella kabatai (Luque & Farfán,

1991).

Isacia conceptionis; adult; fins; marine;

Lima (Luque & Farfán, 1991b; Tantaleán

& Huiza, 1994).

Parabrachiella menticirrhi (Luque &

Farfán, 1990)

Menticirrhus ophicephalus; adult; gills;

marine; Lima (Luque & Farfán, 1990b;

Luque, 1994a; 1996; Tantaleán & Huiza,

1994; Oliva & Luque, 1998b).

Parabrachiella oralis (Castro-Romero &

Baeza-Kuroki, 1987)

Sciaena deliciosa; adult; gills; marine;

Lima (Luque & Farfán, 1990b; Luque et

al., 1991; Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994;

Luque, 1996; Oliva & Luque, 1998b).

Parabrachiella paralichthyos (Castro-

Romero & Baeza-Kuroki, 1986)

Paralichthys adspersus; adult; gills;

marine; Lima (Luque & Farfán, 1990c;

Luque et al., 1991; Tantaleán & Huiza,

1994).

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Parabrachiella sp.

Cilus gilberti; adult; gills; marine; Lima

(Chero et al., 2014c).

Pseudocharopinoides myliobatides Castro-

Romero & Baeza-Kuroki, 1987

Myliobatis chilensis; adult; gills; marine;

Lima (Luque & Farfán, 1991c).

Pseudocharopinus narcinae (Pillai, 1962)

Myliobatis chilensis; adult; gills; marine;

Lima (Luque & Farfán, 1991c).

Family Lernanthropidae Kabata, 1979

Lernanthropinus trachuri (Brian, 1903)

Seriolella violacea, Trachurus murphyi;

adult; gills; marine; La Libertad, Lima

(Durán & Oliva, 1983; Luque et al., 1989,

1991; Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994; Jara &

Díaz-Limay, 1995; Iannacone, 2003).

Lernanthropus antofagastensis Castro-

Romero & Baeza-Kuroki, 1985

Anisotremus scapularis; adult; gills;

marine; La Libertad, Lima (Luque et al.,

1989; Luque et al., 1991; Tantaleán &

Huiza, 1994; Jara & Díaz-Limay, 1995;

Iannaconne & Alvariño, 2009b; Paschoal

et al., 2015).

Lernanthropus huamani Luque & Farfán,

1990

Cy nos cio n anal is, M enticirrh us

ophicephalus, Sciaena deliciosa; adult;

gills; marine; Lima, Tumbes (Luque &

Farfán, 1990a; Luque et al., 1991;

Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994; Luque, 1996;

Oliva & Luque, 1998b; Iannacone et al.,

2010a; Minaya et al., 2016).

Lernanthropus pacificus Oliva & Durán,

1982

Cilus gilberti, Mugil cephalus, Sciaena

deliciosa; adult; gills; marine; La

Libertad, Lima, Northen Coastal zone

(Oliva & Durán, 1982; Durán & Oliva,

1983; Luque et al., 1991; Tantaleán &

Huiza, 1994; Jara & Díaz-Limay, 1995;

Vásquez-Ruiz et al., 2012; Chero et al.,

2014c).

Lernanthropus paralonchuri Luque, Bruno

& Covarrubia, 1989

Cynoscion analis, Paralonchurus

peruanus; adult; gills; marine; Lima

(Luque et al., 1989, 1991; Luque & Oliva,

1993a; Luque, 1996; Oliva & Luque,

1998b; Iannacone et al., 2001; Iannacone,

2005).

Lernanthropus tylosuri Richiardi, 1880

Ablennes hians, Strongylura exilis; adult;

gills; marine; Piura (Cressey & Collette,

1970; Luque et al., 1991; Tantaleán &

Huiza, 1994).

Lernanthropus sp.

Cynoscion analis, Sciaena deliciosa,

Trachinotus paitensis; adult; gills; marine;

La Libertad, Lima (Tantaleán & Huiza,

1994; Jara & Díaz-Limay, 1995).

Family Pandaridae Milne Edwards, 1840

Achtheinus oblongus Wilson, 1908

Prionace glauca; adult; skin; marine;

Lima (Luque & Farfán, 1991c).

Dinemoura latifolia (Steenstrup & Lütken,

1861)

Isurus oxyrinchus; adult; skin; marine;

12°50'-33°24'S, 77°02'-83°31'W

(Cressey, 1968; Tantaleán & Huiza,

1994).

Dinemoura producta (Muller, 1785)

Isurus oxyrinchus; adult; fins; marine;

08°47'-33°24'S, 77°08'-83°38'W

(Cressey, 1968; Tantaleán & Huiza,

1994).

Echthrogaleus denticulatus Smith, 1873

Isurus oxyrinchus; adult; skin; marine;

08°47'-33°24'S, 79°00'-83°38'W

(Cressey, 1968; Tantaleán & Huiza,

1994).

Echthrogaleus pellucidus Shiino, 1963

Alopias sp.; adult; skin; marine; 08°47'-

33°24'S, 77°02'-89°31'W (Cressey,

1967b).

Gangliopus pyriformis Gerstaecker, 1854

Isurus oxyrinchus, Prionace glauca;

adult; skin; marine; 32°02'S, 77°02'W

(Cressey, 1968).

Pandarus katoi Cressey, 1967

Isurus oxyrinchus; adult; skin; marine;

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311

08°47'-12°50'S, 81°20'-83°38'W

(Cressey, 1968; Tantaleán & Huiza,

1994).

Pandarus satyrus Dana, 1849

Isurus oxyrinchus; adult; skin; marine;

08°47'-33°24', 79°00'-83°33'S (Cressey,

1968; Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994).

Pandarus smithii Rathbun, 1886

Unspecified host (Chondrichthyes); adult;

skin; marine; Tumbes (Shiino & Izawa,

1966).

Perissopus dentatus Steenstrup & Lütken,

1861

Galeorhinus galeus; adult; skin; marine;

unspecified locality (Wilson, 1911).

Phyllothyreus cornutus (Milne Edwards,

1840)

Isurus oxyrinchus; adult; skin; marine;

10°28'-33°24'S, 79°00'-81°31'W

(Cressey, 1968; Tantaleán & Huiza,

1994).

Family Pennellidae Burmeister, 1835

Metapeniculus anofagastensis Castro-

Romero & Baeza-Kuroki, 1985

Anisotremus scapularis; adult; fins;

marine; Lima (Luque et al., 1989, 1991;

Luque & Fárfan, 1990c; Tantaleán &

Huiza, 1994; Iannacone & Alvariño,

2009b; Paschoal et al., 2015).

Family Pseudocycnidae Wilson, 1922

Cybicola buccata (Wilson, 1922)

Scomberomorus sierra; adult; gills;

marine; Tumbes (Cressey & Cressey,

1980; Luque et al., 1991; Tantaleán &

Huiza, 1994).

Pseudocycnus appendiculatus Heller, 1865

Thunnus albacares; adult; gills; marine;

Tumbes (Cressey & Cressey, 1980; Luque

et al., 1991; Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994).

Family Sphyriidae Wilson, 1909

Lophoura unilobulata Castro & Gonzalez,

2009

Nezumia stelgidolepis; adult; near caudal

fin; marine; Lambayeque (Gomez et al.,

2010).

Family Trebiidae Wilson, 1905

Trebius latifurcatus Wilson, 1921

Myliobatis chilensis; adult; gills; marine;

Lima (Luque & Farfán, 1991b).

Class Malacostraca Latreille, 1802

Order Isopoda Latreille, 1817

Family Cymothoidae Leach, 1814

Anilocra huacho Rokicki, 1984

Auxis thazard thazard, Cubiceps

caeruleus; adult; skin; marine; Lima

(Thatcher, 2002).

Anilocra laevis Miers, 1877

Unspecified host; adult; unspecified site

of infection; marine; unspecified locality

(Williams & Williams, 1981).

Asotana formosa Schiödte & Meinert, 1881

Unspecified host; adult; mouth;

freshwater; Amazon River Basin

(Schiödte & Meinert, 1881).

Ceratothoa gaudichaudii (Milne Edwards,

1840)

Cynoscion analis, Mustelus sp., Peprilus

medius, Sarda chiliensis, Scartichthys

gigas, Sciaenidae gen sp., Scomber

japonicus, Stromateus stellatus,

Trachurus murphyi; adult; gills, mouth;

marine; Arequipa, La Libertad, Lima

(Chirinos De Vildoso, 1955; Del Solar et

al., 1970; Wrzesinski, 1982; Tantaleán &

Huiza, 1994; Iannacone et al., 2001, Oliva

et al., 2008; Iannacone & Alvariño, 2008;

Iannacone et al., 2010; Iannacone et al.,

2012b, Cruces et al., 2014).

Ceratothoa sp.

M e n t i c i r r h u s o p h i c e p h a l u s ,

Paralonchurus peruanus, Scomber

japonicus; adult; gills; marine; Lima

(Luque & Oliva, 1993a; Luque, 1994a;

Oliva & Luque, 1998b; Oliva et al., 2008).

Cymothoa oestrum (Linnaeus, 1758)

Unspecified host; adult; mouth; marine;

unspecified locality (Del Solar et al.,

1970; Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994).

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Cymothoa sp.

A n i s ot re m u s sc a p ul a r i s; a d u l t;

unspecified site of infection; marine;

Lima (Iannacone & Alvariño, 2009b;

Paschoal et al., 2015).

Cymothoidae gen. sp.

Stellifer minor; adult; mouth; marine;

Lima (Oliva et al., 1990; Luque et al.,

1991; Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994; Oliva &

Luque, 1998b).

Family Aegidae White, 1850

Rocinela sp.

Scomber japonicus; adult; unspecified site

of infection; marine; Lima (Oliva et al.,

2008).

PHYLUM MYXOZOA Grassé, 1970

Class Myxosporea Bütschli, 1881

Myxosporea fam. gen. sp.

Crenicichla anthurus; tegument;

freshwater; Amazon River basin

(Aguinaga et al., 2015).

Order Bivalvulida Shulman, 1959

Family Ceratomyxidae Doflein, 1899

Ceratomyxa limensis Verano, Llican &

Terán, 1998

Merluccius gayi peruanus; gallbladder;

marine; Lima, Piura (Verano et al., 1998).

Ceratomyxa sp.

Menticirrhus ophicephalus; gallbladder;

marine; Lima (Gonzáles & Tam, 1993).

Family Myxidiidae Thélohan, 1892

Zschokkella sp.

Carassius auratus; vesícula biliar;

freshwater; Lima (Gonzáles-Fernández,

2012a).

Family Myxobolidae Thélohan, 1892

Henneguya sp.

Paralonchurus peruanus; mesentery;

marine; Lima (Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994).

Myxobolus exiguus Thélohan, 1895

Mugil cephalus; gills, liver, spleen,

intestine, muscles, mesentery, cartilage,

gonads; marine; Ancash, Lima (Luque et

al., 1991; Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994).

Myxobolus sp.

Piaractus brachypomus; skin body, fins;

freshwater; Amazon River basin

(Vásquez, 2014).

Myxobolidae gen. sp.

Colossoma macropomum; gills, fins;

freshwater; Loreto (Bences et al., 2013).

Myxosporea gen. sp.

Labrisomus philippii, Merluccius gayi

peruanus; gills, liver, spleen, intestine,

muscles, mesentery, cartilage, gonads;

marine; La Libertad, Lima, Piura (Okada

et al., 1981; Iannacone et al., 2011b).

Thelohanellus sp.

Carassius auratus; gills; freshwater;

Lima (Gonzáles-Fernández, 2012a).

Order Multivalvulida Shulman, 1959

Family Kudoidae Meglitsch, 1960

Kudoa caudata Kovaleva & Gaevskaya,

1983

Scomber japonicus; muscles; marine;

Southeastern Pacific Ocean (Kovaleva &

Gaevskaya, 1983; Eiras et al., 2014).

Kudoa estela Verano, 1987

Prionotus stephanophrys; muscles;

marine; Lima (Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994).

Note: This species appeared for the first

time in an unpublished doctoral

dissertation (Verano, 1987), that

nomenclaturally does not constitute valid

publication, so the name only became

available with publication at work of

Tantaleán & Huiza (1994).

Kudoa peruviana Mateo, 1972

Merluccius gayi peruanus; muscles;

marine; Ancash, La Libertad, Lima, Piura

(Durán & Oliva, 1980; Luque et al., 1991;

Jara & Escalante, 1993; Tantaleán &

Huiza, 1994; Oliva & Ballón, 2002; Eiras

et al., 2014; Chero et al., 2015a).

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313

Kudoa sarmientae Verano, 1987

Odontesthes regia; muscles; marine;

Lima (Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994).

Note: This species appeared for the first

time in an unpublished doctoral

dissertation (Verano 1987), that

nomenclaturally does not constitute valid

publication, so the name only became

available with publication at work of

Tantaleán & Huiza (1994).

Kudoa sciaenae Terán, Llicán & Luque,

1990

Cheilotrema fasciatum, Paralonchurus

peruanus, Sciaena deliciosa, Stellifer

minor; muscles; marine; Lima (Terán et

al., 1990; Luque et al., 1991; Oliva et al.,

1992; Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994; Eiras et

al., 2014).

Kudoa sp.

Odontesthes regia; muscles; marine;

Northern coastal zone (Escalante et al.,

1982c; Luque et al., 1991; Tantaleán &

Huiza, 1994).

PHYLUM NEMATODA Rudolphi, 1808

Class Adenophorea Linstow, 1905

Order Enoplida Filipjev, 1929

Family Capillariidae Railliet, 1915

Capillaria sp.

Brycon cephalus, Poecilia reticulata;

adult; intestine; freshwater; Ucayali

(Tantaleán et al., 1985a; Sarmiento et al.,

1999).

Class Secernentea Linstow, 1905

Order Ascaridida Skrjabin & Shulz, 1940

Family Anisakidae (Railliet & Henry,

1912)

Acanthocheilus bicuspis (Wedl, 1855)

Mustelus dorsalis, M. mento, Triakis

maculata; adult; stomach; marine; La

Libertad, Lima, Piura (Tantaleán, 1991;

Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994; Sarmiento et

al., 1999).

Anisakis physeteris (Baylis, 1923)

Coryphaena hippurus, Sarda chiliensis,

Scomber japonicus, Trachurus murphyi,

larvae; mesentery; marine; Lima (Pérez et

al., 1999; Sarmiento et al., 1999; Llerena

et al., 2001; Cabrera & Trillo-Altamirano,

2004).

Anisakis simplex (Rudolphi, 1809)

Merluccius gayi peruanus, Scomber

japonicus, Trachurus murphyi; larvae;

liver, mesentery, visceral surface; marine;

La Libertad, Lima (Pérez et al., 1999;

Sarmiento et al., 1999; Llerena et al.,

2001; Oliva & Ballón, 2002; Chero et al.,

2014b).

Anisakis sp.

Cilus gilberti, Coryphaena hippurus,

C y no s c i o n a na l i s , G a l e i c h t h y s

peruvianus, Merluccius gayi peruanus,

Mustelus dorsalis, Paralichthys

adspersus, Paralonchurus peruanus,

Peprilus snyderi, Prionace glauca,

Sardinops sagax, Sciaena deliciosa,

Sciaena wieneri, Scomber japonicus,

Scorpaena russula, Seriolella violacea,

Stellifer minor; Trachurus murphyi;

larvae; liver, mesentery, stomach, viscera,

visceral surface; marine; Ica, La Libertad,

Lambayeque, Lima, Northen Coastal

zone (Tantaleán, 1972; Tantaleán &

Huiza, 1994; Durán & Oliva, 1980;

Melendez & Vasquez, 1981; Luque et al.,

1991; Cabrera, 1994; Jara, 1998;

Sarmiento et al., 199; Llerena et al., 2001;

Oliva et al., 2008; Vásquez-Ruiz et al.,

2012; Chero et al., 2014a; Ñacari &

Sánchez, 2014).

Contracaecum multipapillatum (Drasche,

1882)

Mugil cephalus; larvae; mesentery;

marine; Lima, Northen Coastal zone

(Iannacone & Alvariño, 2009c; Vásquez-

Ruiz et al., 2012).

Contracaecum sp.

Aequidens rivulatus; Astronotus

ocellatus; Brama japonica, Brycon

atrocaudatus, Coryphaena hippurus,

Ethmidium maculatum, Merluccius gayi

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314

peruanus, Mugil cephalus, Mugil curema,

Oreochromis niloticus, Orestias albus, O.

luteus, Paralichthys adspersus, Sardinops

sagax, Scomber japonicus, Trachurus

murphyi, Trichomycterus dispar; larvae;

kidney, mesentery, muscles, visceral

surface; freshwater, marine; Ancash, Ica,

La Libertad, Lambayeque, Lima, Loreto,

Piura, Puno (Armas, 1979; López &

Tantaleán, 1985; Tantaleán et al., 1985a;

Luque et al., 1991; Tantaleán & Huiza,

1994; Pérez et al., 1999; Sarmiento et al.,

1999; Iannacone et al., 2012a; Iannacone

& Alvariño, 2013; Chero et al., 2014b;

Cruces et al., 2014; Chiclla-Salazar &

Tantas-García, 2015; Serrano-Martínez et

al., 2015b).

Goezia spinulosa (Diesing, 1839)

Arapaima gigas; adult; intestine;

freshwater; Loreto (Tantaleán et al.,

1985a; Sarmiento et al., 1999).

Hysterothylacium aduncum (Rudolphi,

1802)

Coryphaena hippurus, Sarda chiliensis;

larvae; mesentery; marine; Lima (Pérez et

al., 1999; Sarmiento et al., 1999).

Hysterothylacium pelagicum Deardorff &

Overstreet, 1982

Coryphaena hippurus; adult; caecum,

intestine, stomach; marine; Lima

(Gomez-Puerta, 2014).

Hysterothylacium sp.

Coryphaena hippurus, Paralichthys

adspersus, Peprilus snyderi, Stromateus

stellatus; larvae; intestine, stomach;

marine; Lima, Northen Coastal zone

(Sarmiento et al., 1999; Iannacone et al.,

2010, 2012a; Vásquez-Ruiz et al., 2012;

Ñacari & Sánchez, 2014).

Pseudoterranova decipiens (Krabbe, 1878)

Scomber japonicus, Trachurus murphyi;

larvae; muscles; marine; Lambayeque,

Lima (Luque et al., 1991; Tantaleán &

Huiza, 1994; Sarmiento et al., 1999;

Cabrera & Trillo-Altamirano, 2004).

Raphidascaroides sp.

Oxydoras niger; larvae; mesentery;

freshwater; Ucayali (Tantaleán et al.,

1985a; Sarmiento et al., 1999).

Raphidascaris sp.

Cilus gilberti; adult; intestine; marine;

Lima (Chero et al., 2014c).

Family Cosmocercidae Railliet, 1916

Perunema escomeli Mateo, 1970

Odontesthes bonariensis; adult; intestine;

freshwater; Puno (Mateo, 1970).

Note: This genus was considered as genus

inquirendum by Moravec (1998).

Family Kathlaniidae (Lane, 1914)

Falcaustra pumacahuai Ibañez & Córdova,

1976

Orestias luteus; adult; intestine;

freshwater; Puno (Ibañez & Córdova,

1976; Sarmiento et al., 1999).

Note: This species was considered as

species inquirendum by Moravec (1998).

Falcaustra tiahuanaquensis Ibañez &

Córdova, 1976

Orestias luteus; adult; intestine;

freshwater; Puno (Ibañez & Córdova,

1976; Sarmiento et al., 1999).

Note: This species was considered as

species inquirendum by Moravec (1998).

Family Cucullanidae Cobbold, 1864

Cucullanus (Cucullanus) grandistomis

(Ferraz & Thatcher, 1988)

Oxydoras niger; adult; intestine;

freshwater; Loreto (Iannacone & Luque,

1993b).

Dichelyne (Cucullanellus) amaruincai

(Freitas, Vicente & Ibañez, 1969)

Paralonchurus peruanus, Sciaena

deliciosa; adult; intestine; marine; La

Libertad, Lima, Piura (Freitas et al., 1969;

Luque et al., 1991; Luque & Oliva, 1993a;

Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994; Oliva & Luque,

1998b; Sarmiento et al., 1999; Iannacone

et al., 2010a, b; Chero et al., 2014a).

Dichelyne (Cucullanellus) elongatus

(Tornquist, 1931)

Cilus gilberti; adult; intestine; marine;

Neotropical Helminthology. Vol. 10, Nº2, jul-dic 2016 Luque et al.

Pereira, 1928

Triportheus angulatus; adult; intestine;

freshwater; Ucayali (Iannacone, 2000).

Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus) pereirai

Annereaux, 1946

Stellifer minor; adult; intestine; marine;

Lima (Iannacone, 2004).

Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus) rarus

Travassos, Artigas & Pereira, 1928

Pimelodus maculatus; adult; intestine;

freshwater; Huánuco (Tantaleán et al.,

1983; Sarmiento et al., 1999).

Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus) sp.

Aequidens rivulatus, Bryconamericus

peruanus, Cynoscion analis, Lebiasina

bimaculata, Polydactylus approximans,

Stellifer minor; adult; gill, intestine;

f r e s hw a t e r, m ari n e ; Ic a , L i ma ,

Lambayeque, Tumbes (Tantaleán et al.,

1985a, b; Oliva et al., 1990; Luque et al.,

1991; Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994; Oliva &

Luque, 1998b; Minaya et al., 2016).

Family Acuariidae Railliet, Henry &

Sisoff, 1912

Rusguniella sp.

Peprilus snyderi; larvae; intestine;

marine; Lima (Ñacari & Sánchez, 2014).

Family Philometridae Baylis & Daubney,

1926

Alinema amazonicum (Travassos, 1960)

Brachyplatystoma juruense, Calophysus

macropterus, Perrunichthys perruno;

adult; mesentery, body cavity; freshwater;

Loreto (Moravec et al., 2006a, 2006b).

Nilonema senticosum (Baylis, 1927)

Arapaima gigas; adult; Intestine, swim-

bladder; freshwater; Loreto (Tantaleán et

al., 1985a; Moravec et al., 2006b;

Mathews et al., 2013a; Mathews et al.,

2014b; Serrano-Martínez et al., 2015).

Philometra neptomeni Mateo, 1972

Seriolella violacea; adult; gonads;

marine; Lima (Mateo, 1982; Luque et al.,

1991; Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994 ; Moravec

et al., 2011).

Lima (Chero et al., 2014c).

Dichelyne (Cucullanellus) sp.

Paralabrax humeralis; adult; intestine;

marine; Lima, Piura (Armas, 1983a;

Luque et al., 1991; Tantaleán & Huiza,

1994; Iannacone & Alvariño, 2009).

Order Oxyurida Chabaud, 1974

Family Pharyngodonidae Travassos, 1919

Cosmoxynemoides aguirrei Travassos, 1949

Geophagus steindachneri; adult;

intestine; freshwater; Loreto (Tantaleán et

al., 1985a; Sarmiento et al., 1999).

Ichthyouris ro Inglis, 1962

Geophagus steindachneri; adult;

intestine; freshwater; Loreto (Tantaleán et

al., 1985a).

Order Spirurida Chitwood, 1933

Family Camallanidae Railliet & Henry,

1915

Camallanus (Camallanus) acaudatus Ferraz

& Thatcher, 1990

Osteoglossum bicirrhosum; adult;

stomach an intestine; freshwater; Amazon

River Basin (Vásquez et al., 2007).

Camallanus sp.

Cheilotrema fasciatum; adult; intestine;

marine; Lima (Oliva & Luque, 1998b).

Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus) hilarii

Vaz & Pereira, 1934

Trichomycterus piurae; adult; intestine;

freshwater; Cajamarca, Lambayeque

(Freitas & Ibañez, 1970; Rodrigues et al.,

1991; Sarmiento et al., 1999; Moravec,

1998).

P r o c a m a l l a n u s (S p i r o c a m a l l a n u s )

chimusensis (Freitas & Ibáñez, 1968)

Trichomycterus díspar, T. piurae; adult;

intestine; freshwater; Cajamarca,

Lambayeque (Freitas & Ibañez, 1968;

Tantaleán et al., 1985a; Sarmiento et al.,

1999).

P r o c a m a l l a n u s (S p i r o c a m a l l a n u s )

inopinatus Travassos, Artigas &

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316

Family Physalopteridae Railliet, 1893

Proleptus carvajali Fernandez & Villalba,

1985

Anisotremus scapularis, Cilus gilberti,

Isacia conceptionis, Labrisomus

philippii, Rhinobatos planiceps; adult,

larvae; general cavidad, gills, intestine,

stomach, valve spiral; marine, Lima

(Iannacone et al., 2011a; Chero et al.,

2014c, d; Iannacone et al., 2015; Cruces et

al., 2015).

Proleptus obtusus Dujardin, 1845

Mustelus mento, Rhinobatos planiceps,

Triakis maculata; adult; intestine,

stomach; marine; La Libertad, Lima

(Tantaleán & Rodriguez, 1987; Tantaleán

& Huiza, 1994; Sarmiento et al., 1999).

Proleptus sp.

Galeichthys peruvianus, Labrisomus

philippii, Menticirrhus ophicephalus,

Myliobatis peruvianus, Scartichthys

gigas, Sciaena deliciosa, Trachinotus

paitensis; larvae; intestine; mesentery;

stomach; marine; Lima (Rivera &

Sarmiento, 1990a; Luque et al., 1991;

Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994; Pérez et al.,

1999; Sarmiento et al., 1999; Iannacone

et al., 2011b; Tarmeño et al., 2015).

Family Rhabdochonidae Travassos,

Artigas & Pereira, 1928

Johnstonmawsonia sp.

Scartichthys gigas; adult; intestine;

marine; Lima (Iannacone et al., 2012b).

Rhabdochona sp.

Paratrygon aiereba, Potamotrygon

falkeri, Trichomycterus dispar; adult;

intestine; freshwater; Lambayeque,

Madre Rios (Tantaleán et al., 1985a;

Reyda, 2008).

PHYLUM PLATYHELMINTHES

Gegenbaur, 1859

Class Cestoda Rudolphi, 1808

Order Bothriocephalidea Kuchta, Scholz,

Brabec & Bray, 2008

Philometra sp.

Anisotremus scapularis, Paralabrax

humeralis, Paralichthys adspersus; adult;

gonads; marine; Arequipa, Lima (Luque

et al., 1991; Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994;

Sarmiento et al., 1999; Iannacone &

Alvariño, 2009a; Chero et al., 2014d).

Philometridae gen sp.

Cilus gilberti; adult; intestine; marine;

Lima (Chero et al., 2014c).

Family Gnathostomatidae Railliet, 1895

Echinocephalus striatus Monticelli 1889

Scyllium sp.; adult; intestine; marine;

unspecified locality (Yamaguti, 1961).

Echinocephalus sp.

Mustelus mento; adult; stomach; marine;

Lima (Tantaleán et al., 1983; Tantaleán &

Huiza, 1994; Sarmiento et al., 1999).

Family Cystidicolidae Skrjabin, 1946

Ascarophis sebastodis Olsen, 1952

Sebastes capensis; adult; intestine;

marine; Lima (González & Poulin, 2005)

Ascarophis sp.

Galeichthys peruvianus; Menticirrhus

ophicephalus; adult; intestine; marine;

Lima (Luque, 1994a; Tantaleán & Huiza,

1994; Oliva & Luque, 1998b; Sarmiento

et al., 1999).

Family Guyanemidae Petter, 1974

Pseudodelphis sp.

Scartichthys gigas; adult; pericardial

cavity; marine; Lima (Tarmeño et al.,

2015)

Family Hedruridae Railliet, 1916

Hedruris basilichtensis Mateo, 1971

Odontesthes bonariensis, Orestias albus,

O. luteus; adult; stomach; freshwater;

Puno (Mateo, 1971, Sarmiento et al.,

1999).

Hedruris orestiae Moniez, 1889

Orestias luteus, O. mulleri; adult;

stomach; freshwater; Puno (Ibañez &

Córdova, 1976, Sarmiento et al., 1999).

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317

hippurus, Cynoscion analis, Galeichthys

peruvianus, Genypterus maculatus,

Menticirrhus ophicephalus, Merluccius

gayi peruanus, Paralabrax humeralis,

Paralichthys adspersus, Paralonchurus

peruanus, Sarda chiliensis, Sciaena

callaensis, Sciaena deliciosa, Scomber

japonicus, Scomberomorus sierra,

Trachinotus paitensis, Trachurus

murphyi, larvae; mesentery; visceral

surface; marine; Ancash, La Libertad,

Lambayeque, Lima (Baer, 1969,

Tantaleán, 1975b; Escalante, 1983;

Escalante & Miranda, 1986; Tantaleán &

Huiza, 1984, 1994; Luque et al., 1991;

Iannacone & Alvariño, 2009; Wicht et al.,

2010, Chero et al., 2014a,b,c).

Diphyllobothrium sp.

Sarda chiliensis, Scomberomorus sierra,

Trachurus murphyi; larvae; cavity;

marine; La Libertad, Lima (Baer, 1969;

Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994; Pérez et al.,

1999; Llerena et al., 2001).

Diphyllobothridae gen. sp.

Merluccius gayi peruanus, Scomber

japonicus; larvae; mesentery; marine; La

Libertad, Lima (Jara, 1998; Oliva et al.,

2008)

Ligula intestinalis (Linnaeus, 1758)

Odontesthes bonariensis, Orestias albus,

O. luteus, Orestias sp.; larvae; body

cavity; freshwater; Puno (Tantaleán et al.,

1985a).

Order Proteocephalidea Mola, 1928

Family Proteocephalidae (La Rue, 1911)

Ageneiella sp.

Ageneiosus inermis; adult; intestine;

freshwater; Loreto (de Chambrier et al.,

2015a).

Amphoteromorphus ovalis Carfora, de

Chambrier & Vaucher, 2003

Brachyplatystoma cf. filamentosum;

adult; intestine; freshwater; Loreto (de

Chambrier et al., 2015a).

Amphoteromorphus peniculus Diesing, 1850

Family Bothriocephalidae Blanchard,

1849

Clestobothrium crassiceps (Rudolphi, 1819)

Merluccius gayi peruanus; adult;

intestine; marine; La Libertad, Lima

(Tantaleán, 1976; Durán & Oliva, 1980;

Luque et al., 1991; Tantaleán & Huiza,

1994; Jara, 1998; Chero et al., 2014b).

Family Echinophallidae Schumacher, 1914

Neobothriocephalus aspinosus Mateo &

Bullock, 1966

Seriolella violacea; adult; intestine;

marine; Lima (Mateo & Bullock, 1966;

Luque et al., 1991; Tantaleán & Huiza,

1994; Iannacone, 2003).

Family Triaenophoridae Lönnberg, 1889

A n c h i s t r o c e p h a l u s m i c r o c e p h a l u s

(Rudolphi, 1819)

Mola mola; adult; intestine; marine; Lima

(Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994).

Fistulicola plicatus (Rudolphi, 1819)

Mola mola; adult; intestine; marine; Lima

(Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994).

Glossobothrium sp.

Hemilutjanus macrophthalmos; adult;

intestine; marine; Lima (Tantaleán et al.,

1982; Luque et al., 1991; Tantaleán &

Huiza, 1994).

Order Diphyllidea van Beneden in Carus,

1863

Family Echinobothriidae Perrier, 1897

Echinobothrium sp.

Myliobatis peruvianus; adult; spiral

valvule; marine; Ica (Tantaleán & Huiza,

1994).

Order Diphyllobothriidea Kuchta, Scholz,

Brabec & Bray, 2008

Family Diphyllobothridae Lühe, 1910

Adenocephalus pacificus Nybelin, 1931

Anisotremus scapularis, Ariopsis

seemanni, Cilus gilberti, Coryphaena

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318

Brachyplatystoma cf. filamentosum;

adult; intestine; freshwater; Loreto (de

Chambrier et al., 2015a).

Endorchis sp.

Pimelodus altissimus; adult; intestine;

freshwater; Loreto (de Chambrier et al.,

2015a).

Euzetiella tetraphylliformis de Chambrier,

Rego & Vaucher, 1999

Zungaro zungaro; adult; intestine;

freshwater; Loreto (de Chambrier et al.,

2006, 2015a).

Gibsoniela mandube (Woodland, 1935)

Ageneiosus inermis, Ageneiosus sp.;

adult; intestine; freshwater; Loreto (de

Chambrier et al., 2015a,b).

Harriscolex kaparari (Woodland, 1935)

Pseudoplatystoma fasciatum; adult;

intestine; freshwater; Loreto (de

Chambrier et al., 2015a).

Harriscolex piramutab (Woodland, 1934)

Brachyplatystoma vaillantii; adult;

intestine; freshwater; Loreto (de

Chambrier et al., 2006, 2015a).

Houssayela sudobim (Woodland, 1935)

P s e u d o p l a t y s t o m a p u n c t i f e r ,

Sorubimichthys planiceps; adult;

intestine; freshwater; Loreto (de

Chambrier & Scholz, 2005; de Chambrier

et al., 2006, 2015a,b).

Jauella glandicephalus Rego & Pavanelli,

1985

Zungaro zungaro; adult; intestine;

freshwater; Loreto (de Chambrier et al.,

2015a).

Lenhataenia megacephala (Woodland,

1934)

Sorubimichthys planiceps; adult;

intestine; freshwater; Loreto (de

Chambrier & Scholz 2008; de Chambrier

et al., 2015a).

Manaosia bracodemoca Woodland, 1935

Sorubim lima; adult; intestine; freshwater;

Loreto (de Chambrier et al., 2015a).

Mariauxiella piscatorum de Chambrier &

Vaucher, 1999

Hemisorubim platyrhynchos; adult;

Brachyplatystoma rousseauxii; adult;

intestine; freshwater; Loreto (de

Chambrier et al., 2015a, b).

Amphoteromorphus parkamoo Woodland,

1935

Zungaro zungaro; adult; intestine;

freshwater; Loreto (de Chambrier et al.,

2006, 2015a).

Amphoteromorphus piriformis Carfora, de

Chambrier & Vaucher, 2003

Brachyplatystoma rousseauxii; adult;

intestine; freshwater; Loreto (de

Chambrier et al., 2006, 2015a).

Brayela karuatayi (Woodland, 1934)

Platynematichthys notatus; adult

(immature); intestine; freshwater;

Ancash, Loreto (de Chambrier et al.,

2014, 2015a,b).

Chambriella agostinhoi (Pavanelli & Santos,

1992)

Zungaro zungaro; adult; intestine;

freshwater; Loreto (de Chambrier et al.,

2006, 2015a).

Chambriella paranaensis (Pavanelli & Rego,

1989)

Hemisorubim platyrhynchos; adult;

intestine; freshwater; Loreto (de

Chambrier et al., 2006, 2015a).

Chambriella sp.

B r a c h y p l a t y s t o m a v a i l l a n t i i ,

Phractocephalus hemioliopterus,

P s e u d o p l a t y s t o m a f a s c i a t u m ,

Sorubimichthys planiceps; adult;

intestine; freshwater; Loreto (de

Chambrier et al., 2006, 2015a; de

Chambrier & Scholz, 2008).

Choanoscolex abscisus (Riggenbach, 1896)

Pseudoplatystoma fasciatum; adult;

intestine; freshwater; Loreto (de

Chambrier et al., 2015a).

Choanoscolex sp.

Pseudoplatystoma punctifer, P. tigrinum,

Sorubimichthys planiceps; adult;

intestine; freshwater; Loreto (de

Chambrier et al., 2006, 2015a; de

Chambrier & Scholz, 2008).

Endorchis piraeeba Woodland, 1934

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319

intestine; freshwater; Loreto (de

Chambrier et al., 2006, 2015a).

Nomimoscolex sudobim Woodland, 1935

Pseudoplatystoma fasciatum; adult;

intestine; freshwater; Loreto (de

Chambrier et al., 2015a).

Nomimoscolex cf. sudobim Woodland, 1935

Pseudoplatystoma tigrinum; adult;

intestine; freshwater; Loreto (de

Chambrier et al., 2006).

Nomimoscolex suspectus Zehnder, de

Chambrier, Vaucher & Mariaux, 2000

Brachyplatystoma cf. filamentosum;

adult; intestine; freshwater; Loreto (de

Chambrier et al., 2015a).

Nomimoscolex sp.

Pimelodus ornatus; adult; intestine;

freshwater; Loreto (de Chambrier et al.,

2015a).

Nupelia sp.

Goeldiella eques; adult; intestine;

freshwater; Loreto (de Chambrier et al.,

2006, 2015a).

Peltidocotyle lenha (Woodland, 1933)

Sorubimichthys planiceps, Zungaro

zungaro; adult; intestine; freshwater;

Loreto (de Chambrier et al., 2006, 2015a;

de Chambrier & Scholz, 2008).

Peltidocotyle rugosa Diesing, 1850

Pseudoplatystoma fasciatum; adult;

intestine; freshwater; Loreto (de

Chambrier et al., 2015a).

Proteocephalidea gen. sp.

Cichlasoma amazonarum, Paratrygon

aiereba, Potamotrygon cf. falkeri, P.

motoro; larvae (hyperparasite), adult;

intestine; freshwater; Loreto, Madre de

Dios (Reyda, 2008; de Chambrier et al.,

2015a).

Proteocephalus gibsoni Rego & Pavanelli,

1991

Astronotus ocellatus; adult; intestine;

freshwater; Loreto (de Chambrier et al.,

2006, 2015a).

Proteocephalus hemioliopteri de Chambrier

& Vaucher, 1997

Phractocephalus hemioliopterus; adult;

intestine; freshwater; Loreto (de

Chambrier et al., 2006, 2015a).

Megathylacus jandia Woodland, 1934

Zungaro zungaro; adult; intestine;

freshwater; Loreto (de Chambrier et al.,

2015a).

Megathylacus sp.

Pseudoplatystoma fasciatum, P.

punctifer; adult; intestine; freshwater;

Loreto (de Chambrier et al., 2014, 2015a).

Monticellia amazonica de Chambrier &

Vaucher, 1997

Calophysus macropterus; adult; intestine;

freshwater; Loreto (de Chambrier et al.,

2006, 2015a; Scholz et al., 2008).

Mon tic ellia b elavist ens is Pavanelli,

Machado dos Santos, Takemoto & dos

Santos 1994

Pterodoras granulosus; adult; intestine;

freshwater; Loreto (de Chambrier et al.,

2015a).

Monticellia santafesina Arredondo & Gil de

Pertierra, 2010

Megalonema platycephalum; adult;

intestine; freshwater; Loreto (de

Chambrier et. al., 2015a).

Monticellia ventrei de Chambrier &

Vaucher, 1999

Pinirampus pirinampu; adult; intestine;

freshwater; Loreto (de Chambrier et al.,

2015a).

Monticelliinae gen. sp.

Phractocephalus hemioliopterus; adult;

intestine; freshwater; Loreto (de

Chambrier et al., 2015a).

Nomimoscolex admonticellia (Woodland,

1934)

Pinirampus pirinampu; adult; intestine;

freshwater; Loreto (de Chambrier et al.,

2015a).

Nomimoscolex lenha (Woodland, 1933)

Sorubimichthys planiceps; adult;

intestine; freshwater; Loreto (de

Chambrier & Scholz, 2008; de Chambrier

et al., 2015a).

Nomimoscolex lopesi Rego, 1989

Pseudoplatystoma fasciatum; adult;

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320

Cichla monoculus; adult; intestine;

freshwater; Loreto (de Chambrier et al.,

2006, 2015a,b).

Spasskyellina lenha (Woodland, 1933)

Sorubimichthys planiceps; adult;

intestine; freshwater; Loreto (de

Chambrier & Scholz, 2008; de Chambrier

et al., 2015a,b).

Spasskyellina spinulifera (Woodland, 1935)

Pseudoplatystoma punctifer, P. tigrinum;

adult; intestine; freshwater; Loreto (de

Chambrier et al., 2006, 2015a).

Spatulifer maringaensis Pavanelli & Rego,

1989

Hemisorubim platyrhynchos, Sorubim

lima; adult; intestine; freshwater; Loreto

(de Chambrier et al., 2006, 2015a).

Spatulifer rugosa (Woodland, 1935)

Pseudoplatystoma punctifer; adult;

intestine; freshwater; Loreto (de

Chambrier et al., 2006, 2015a).

Spatulifer sp.

Pseudoplatystoma tigrinum; adult;

intestine; freshwater; Loreto (de

Chambrier et al., 2006, 2015a).

Travassiella jandia (Woodland, 1934)

Zungaro zungaro; adult; intestine;

freshwater; Loreto (de Chambrier et al.,

2006, 2015a).

Zygobothrium megacephalum Diesing, 1850

Phractocephalus hemioliopterus; adult;

intestine; freshwater; Loreto (de

Chambrier et al., 2006, 2015a).

Order Cathetocephalidea Schmidt &

Beveridge, 1990

Family Cathetocephalidae Dailey &

Overstreet, 1973

Cathetocephalus thatcheri Dailey &

Overstreet, 1973

Carcharhinus leucas, C. porosus; adult;

spiral valve; marine; Lima (Rivera &

Sarmiento, 1990b; Tantaleán & Huiza,

1994).

Family Disculicipitidae Joyeux & Baer,

intestine; ; freshwater; Loreto (de

Chambrier et al., 2015a).

Proteocephalus hobergi de Chambrier &

Vaucher, 1999

Oxydoras niger; adult; intestine;

freshwater; Loreto (de Chambrier et al.,

2015a).

Proteocephalus kuyukuyu Woodland, 1935

Megalodoras uranoscopus, Pterodoras

granulosus; Pterodoras sp.; adult;

intestine; freshwater; Loreto (de

Chambrier et al., 2015a,b).

Proteocephalus macrophallus (Diesing,

1850)

Cichla monoculus; adult; intestine;

freshwater; Loreto (de Chambrier et al.,

2006, 2015a,b).

Proteocephalus microscopicus Woodland,

1935

Cichla monoculus; adult; intestine;

freshwater; Loreto (de Chambrier et al.,

2006, 2015a).

Proteocephalus sophiae de Chambrier &

Rego, 1994

Zungaro zungaro; adult; intestine;

freshwater; Loreto (de Chambrier et al.,

2015a).

Proteocephalus sp.

O r e s t i a s a l b u s , O . l u t e u s ,

Phractocephalus hemioliopterus,

P i me l od u s b l o c h i i , P t e ro d o r a s

granulosus; adult, larvae; intestine;

freshwater; Loreto (Tantaleán et al.,

1985a; de Chambrier et al., 2006, 2015a).

Rudolphiella piracatinga (Woodland, 1935)

Calophysus macropterus; adult; intestine;

freshwater; Loreto (de Chambrier et al.,

2006, 2015a).

Rudolphiella sp.

Pinirampus pirinampu; adult; intestine;

freshwater; Loreto (de Chambrier et al.,

2015a).

Scholzia emarginata (Diesing, 1850)

Phractocephalus hemioliopterus; adult;

intestine; freshwater; Loreto (de

Chambrier et al., 2006, 2015a).

Sciadocephalus megalodiscus Diesing, 1850

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321

Beveridge, 2002).

Acanthobothrium lusarmientae Severino &

Verano, 1980

Sympterygia brevicaudata; adult; spiral

valve; marine; Lima (Severino & Verano,

1980; Tantaleán et al., 1982; Tantaleán &

Huiza, 1994; Ghoshroy & Caira, 2001;

Campbell & Beveridge, 2002; Morales et

al., 2005).

Acanthobothrium olseni Dailey & Mudry,

1968

Rhinobatos planiceps; adult; intestine,

spiral valve; marine; Lima (Iannacone et

al., 2011a).

Acanthobothrium peruviense Reyda, 2008

Potamotrygon motoro; adult; spiral valve;

freshwater; Madre de Dios (Reyda, 2008).

Acanthobothrium cf. peruviense Reyda,

2008

Potamotrygon cf. falkeri; adult; spiral

valve; freshwater; Madre de Dios (Reyda,

2008).

Acanthobothrium psammobati Carvajal &

Goldstein, 1969

Sympterygia brevicaudata; adult; spiral

valve; marine; Lima; (Tantaleán, 1991;

Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994).

Acanthobothrium cf. ramiroi Ivanov, 2005

Potamotrygon motoro: adult; spiral valve;

freshwater; Madre de Dios (Reyda, 2008).

Acanthobothrium robustum Alexander,

1953

Rhinobatos planiceps; adult; spiral valve;

marine; Ancash, La Libertad (Escalante,

1986; Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994).

Acanthobothrium sp.

Myliobatis chilensis; adult; spiral valve;

marine; La Libertad (Tresierra et al.,

1986; Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994).

Acanthobothroides peruensis López, 1994

Dasyatis dipterura; adult; spiral valve;

marine; Lima (Morales et al., 2005).

Acanthobothroides thorsoni Brooks, 1977

Dasyatis dipterura; adult; spiral valve;

marine; Ancash, Lima (López, 1994;

Tantaleán & Rodriguez, 1987; Tantaleán

& Huiza, 1994).

1936

Disculiceps pileatus (Linton, 1891)

Carcharhinus porosus; adult; spiral valve;

marine; Lima (Tantaleán, 1991; Tantaleán

& Huiza, 1994).

Order Onchoproteocephalidea Caira,

Jensen, Waeschenbach, Olson &

Littlewood, 2014

Family Prosobothriidae Baer & Euzet,

1955

Prosobothrium armigerum Cohn, 1902

Prionace glauca; adult; spiral valve;

marine; Lima (Rivera & Sarmiento,

1990b; Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994).

Family Onchobothriidae Braun, 1900 (pro

parte)

Acanthobothrium batailloni Euzet, 1955

Myliobatis chilensis; adult; spiral valve;

marine; La Libertad (Escalante, 1986;

Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994).

Acanthobothrium brevissime Linton, 1908

Myliobatis peruvianus; adult; spiral valve;

marine; Lima (Tantaleán, 1991; Tantaleán

& Huiza, 1994; Ghoshroy & Caira, 2001;

Campbell & Beveridge, 2002).

Acanthobothrium chilensis Rego, Vicente &

Herrera, 1968

Sarda chiliensis; adult; spiral valve;

marine; Piura (Rego et al., 1968;

Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994).

Acanthobothrium gonzalesmugaburui

Severino & Sarmiento, 1979

Myliobatis peruvianus; adult; spiral valve;

marine; Ancash, Lima (Severino &

Sarmiento, 1979; Tantaleán et al., 1982;

Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994; Ghoshroy &

Caira, 2001; Campbell & Beveridge,

2002; Morales et al., 2005).

Acanthobothrium holorhini Alexander, 1953

Myliobatis chilensis, M. peruvianus;

adult; spiral valve; marine; Lima

(Rodriguez & Tantaleán, 1980, Tantaleán

et al., 1982; Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994;

Ghoshroy & Caira, 2001; Campbell &

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Paraorygmatobothrium triacis (Yamaguti,

1952)

Mustelus dorsalis, M. whitneyi; adult;

spiral valve; marine; Ancash, La Libertad

(Escalante & Carvajal, 1981; Tantaleán &

Huiza, 1994).

Phyllobothrium lactuca (Van Beneden,

1850)

Mustelus mento; adult; spiral valve;

marine; Lambayeque, Lima (Escalante &

Carvajal, 1981; Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994).

Phyllobothrium thridax (Van Beneden,

1849)

Myliobatis chilensis, Myliobatis

peruvianus; adult; spiral valve; marine;

Ancash, Lima (Tantaleán, 1991; Tantaleán

& Huiza, 1994).

Phyllobothrium sp.

Mustelus mento, Rhinobatos planiceps,

Squatina armata; adult; spiral valve;

marine; La Libertad (Tresierra et al.,

1986; Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994).

Thys anoce phalu m thys anoce p halu m

(Linton, 1889)

Sphyrna zygaena; adult; intestine; marine;

Lima (López de McDonald & Tantaleán,

1985; Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994).

Order “Tetraphyllidea” Carus, 1863

Anthobothrium laciniatum Linton, 1890

Prionace glauca; adult; spiral valvule;

marine; Lima (Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994).

Anthobothrium sp.

Myliobatis peruvianus; adult; spiral

valvule; marine; Lima (Tantaleán &

Huiza, 1994).

Calliobothrium verticillatum (Rudolphi,

1819)

Mustelus mento; adult; spiral valve;

marine; Ancash, Lambayeque (Escalante

& Carvajal, 1981; Tantaleán & Huiza,

1994).

Calliobothrium sp.

Mustelus mento; adult; spiral valve,

stomach; marine; La Libertad, Lima

(Tresierra et al., 1986; Tantaleán & Huiza,

Platybothrium auriculatum Yamaguti, 1952

Prionace glauca; adult; spiral valve;

marine; La Libertad, Lima (Escalante,

1986; Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994).

Platybothrium sp.

Sphyrna zygaena; adult; spiral valve;

marine; Lima (López de McDonald &

Tantaleán, 1985; Tantaleán & Huiza,

1994).

Potamotrygonocestus cf. fitzgeraldae

Marques, Brooks & Araujo, 2003

Paratrygon aiereba, Potamotrygon

falkeri; adult; spiral valve; freshwater;

Madre de Dios (Reyda, 2008; Caira et al.,

2014)

Potamotrygonocestus sp.

Paratrygon aiereba, Potamotrygon cf.

falkeri, P. motoro; adult; spiral valve;

freshwater; Madre de Dios (Reyda &

Olson, 2003; Reyda, 2008; Caira et al.,

2014).

Order Phyllobothriidea Caira, Jensen,

Waeschenbach, Olson & Littlewood, 2014

Family Phyllobothriidae Braun, 1900

Clistobothrium tumidum (Linton, 1922)

Isurus oxyrinchus; adult; spiral valvule;

marine; Lima (Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994).

Nandocestus guariticus (Marques, Brooks &

Lasso, 2001)

Paratrygon aiereba, Potamotrygon cf.

falkeri; adult; spiral valve; freshwater;

Madre de Dios (Reyda & Olson, 2003;

Reyda, 2008; Ruhnke, 2011; Caira et al.,

2014).

Orygmatobothrium musteli (Van Beneden,

1849)

Mustelus dorsalis, M. lunulatus, M.

whitneyi, Prionace glauca; adult; spiral

valve; marine; Ancash, La Libertad

(Escalante & Carvajal, 1981; Escalante,

1986; Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994).

Orygmatobothrium sp.

Mustelus mento; stomach; marine; La

Libertad (Tresierra et al., 1986; Tantaleán

& Huiza, 1994).

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323

2011).

Rhineb o t h r i u m r h i n o b a t i Dailey &

Carvajal, 1976

Rhinobatos planiceps; adult; spiral valve;

marine; Lima (Tantaleán, 1991; Tantaleán

& Huiza, 1994; Iannacone et al., 2011a).

Rhinebothrium sp.

Myliobatis chilensis, Myliobatis

peruvianus, Paratrygon aiereba, Synodus

scituliceps; adult, larvae; intestine, spiral

valve; freshwater, marine; La Libertad,

Lima, Madre de Dios, Piura (Escalante et

al., 1987; Luque et al., 1991; Tantaleán &

Huiza, 1994; Reyda & Olson, 2003; Healy

et al., 2009).

R h o d o b o t h r i u m m e s o d e s m a t u m

(Bahamonde & Lopez, 1962)

Myliobatis chilensis, M. peruvianus,

Sarda chiliensis; adult; spiral valve,

intestine; marine; Ica, Lima (Rego et al.,

1968; Rodriguez & Tantaleán, 1980;

López de McDonald & Tantaleán, 1985;

Tresierra et al., 1986; Tantaleán & Huiza,

1994).

Rhodobothrium pulvinatum Linton, 1889

Dasyatis dipterura; adult; spiral valvule;

marine; Ancash (Tantaleán & Huiza,

1994).

Rhinebothroides sp.

Paratrygon aiereba, Potamotrygon

falkeri, Potamotrygon cf. falkeri, P.

motoro; adult; spiral valve; freshwater;

Madre de Dios (Reyda & Olson, 2003;

Reyda, 2008; Healy et al., 2009).

Order Trypanorhyncha Diesing, 1863

Trypanorhyncha gen. sp.

Paralabrax humeralis; unspecified

development stage; unspecified site of

infection; marine; Lima (Iannacone &

Alvariño, 2009a).

Family Lacistorhynchidae Guiart, 1937

Dasyrhynchus pacificus Robinson, 1965

Sciaena deliciosa; larvae; mesentery;

marine; La Libertad, Piura (Escalante &

1994).

Caulobothrium myliobatidis Carvajal, 1977

Myliobatis chilensis; adult; spiral valve;

marine; Ancash (Tantaleán, 1991;

Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994).

Caulobothrium sp.

Rhinoptera steindachneri; adult; spiral

valvule; marine; Lima (Tantaleán &

Huiza, 1994).

Dinobothrium paciferum Sproston, 1948

Cetorhinus maximus; adult; spiral valve;

marine; Lima (Rivera & Sarmiento,

1990b; Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994).

“Scolex pleuronectis” Müller, 1788

Coryphaena hippurus, Ethmidium

maculatum, Genypterus maculatus,

Katsuwonus pelamis, Odontesthes regia,

Sarda chiliensis, Sardinops sagax,

Scomber japonicus, Stellifer minor,

Strongylura scapularis, Synodus

scituliceps, Trachurus murphyi; larve

(metacestodes); caecum, intestine;

marine; La Libertad, Piura (Escalante &

Carjaval, 1984; Escalante et al., 1987;

Luque et al., 1991; Tantaleán & Huiza,

1994; Jara, 1998; Cruces et al., 2014).

Symcallio lintoni (Euzet, 1954)

Mustelus whitneyi; adult; spiral valve;

marine; La Libertad (Escalante &

Carvajal, 1981; Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994).

Order Rhinebothriidea Healy, Caira,

Jensen, Webster & Littlewood, 2009

Family Echeneibothriidae de Beauchamp,

1905

Echeneibothrium sp.

Myliobatis chilensis; adult; spiral valvule;

marine; La Libertad (Tantaleán & Huiza,

1994).

Family Rhinebothriidae Euzet, 1953

Rhinebothrium copianullum Reyda, 2008

Paratrygon aiereba, Potamotrygon cf.

falkeri, P. motoro, P. tatianae; adult;

spiral intestine; freshwater; Madre de

Dios (Reyda, 2008; Reyda & Marques,

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324

Mugil cephalus, Mustelus dorsalis, M.

mento, M.s whitneyi, Odontesthes regia,

Paralichthys adspersus, Paralonchurus

peruanus, Scartichthys gigas, Sciaena

deliciosa, Stellifer minor; adult, larvae;

mesentery, muscles, spiral valve, viscera;

m a r i n e ; A n c a s h , L a L i b e r t a d ,

Lambayeque, Lima (Durán & Oliva,

1980; Escalante & Carvajal, 1984; Rivera

& Sarmiento, 1990a; Luque et al., 1991;

Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994; Jara, 1998;

Oliva & Luque, 1998b, 2002; Cruces et

al., 2015).

Family Pterobothriidae Pintner, 1931

Pterobothrium acanthotruncatum Escalante

& Carjaval, 1984

Coryphaena hippurus, Paralonchurus

peruanus; larvae; gonads, mesentery,

swimming bladder; marine; La Libertad,

Lima (Tantaleán et al., 1982; Escalante &

Carvajal, 1984; Luque et al., 1991;

Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994).

Pterobothrium sp.

Paralonchurus peruanus; larvae;

mesentery; marine; Lima (Tantaleán et al.,

1982; Luque et al., 1991; Palm, 2004).

Family Eutetrarhynchidae Guiart, 1927

Eutetrarhynchus sp.

Trachurus murphyi; larvae; mesentery;

marine; Lima, Piura (Oliva, 1999).

Prochristianella heteracantha Dailey &

Carvajal, 1976

Rhinobatos planiceps; adult; intestine,

spiral valve, stomach; marine; Ancash,

Lima (Tantaleán & Rodriguez, 1987;

Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994; Iannacone et

al., 2011a).

Family Otobothriidae Dollfus, 1942

Otobothrium sp.

Cynoscion analis; larvae; muscles,

viscera; marine; Lambayeque (Luque et

al., 1991; Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994; Palm,

2004).

Poecilancistrium caryophyllum (Diesing,

Carvajal, 1984; Luque et al., 1991;

Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994; Palm, 2004).

Grillotia dollfusi Carvajal, 1971

Merluccius gayi peruanus; larvae;

visceral surface; marine; Lima (Chero et

al., 2014b).

Grillotia sp.

Paralabrax humeralis, Squatina armata;

larvae; mesentery, stomach; marine; La

Libertad, Piura (Armas, 1983a; Tresierra

et al., 1986; Luque et al., 1991; Tantaleán

& Huiza, 1994).

Pseudogrillotia peruviana Escalante &

Carvajal, 1984

S c o m bero m o r us s i e r ra; l a r vae ;

mesentery; marine; La Libertad

(Escalante & Carvajal, 1984; Luque et al.,

1991; Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994).

Callitetrarhynchus gracilis (Rudolphi, 1819)

Cilus gilberti, Galeichthys peruvianus,

H e m il u t ja n u s ma c ro ph t h al m o s,

Merluccius gayi peruanus, Paralabrax

humeralis, Paralonchurus peruanus,

Sciaena deliciosa, Scomber japonicus,

Trachurus murphyi; larvae; mesentery,

viscera; marine; Ancash, La Libertad,

Lambayeque, Lima, Piura (Durán &

Oliva, 1980; Escalante & Carvajal, 1984;

Escalante & Miranda, 1986; Escalante et

al., 1986; Luque et al., 1991; Tantaleán &

Huiza, 1994, Oliva & Ballón, 2002; Palm,

2004; Chero et al., 2014b).

Floriceps saccatus Cuvier, 1817

Centropomus nigrescens; larvae;

mesentery; marine; Piura (Escalante &

Carvajal, 1984; Luque et al., 1991;

Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994).

Lacistorhynchus dollfusi Beveridge &

Sakanari, 1987

Cheilotrema f a s ci a t u m ; l a r v a e ;

mesentery; marine; Lima (Oliva & Luque,

1998b).

Lacistorhynchus tenuis (Van Beneden, 1858)

Anisotremus scapularis, Cheilodactylus

variegatus, Cheilotrema fasciatum,

Galeichthys peruvianus, Labrisomus

philippii, Merluccius gayi peruanus,

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325

al., 2015).

Tentacularia coryphaenae Bosc, 1802

Centropomus nigrescens, Coryphaena

hipp u r u s , Katsuwo n u s pelamis ,

Merluccius gayi peruanus, Prionace

glauca, Scomber japonicus, Trachurus

murphyi; adult, larvae; mesentery, spiral

valve, visceral surface; marine; La

Libertad, Lambayeque, Lima, Piura

(Durán & Oliva, 1980; Escalante &

Carvajal, 1984; López & Tantaleán, 1985;

Escalante, 1986; Luque et al., 1991;

Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994; Jara, 1998;

Oliva, 1999; Pérez et al., 1999; Llerena et

al., 2001; Palm, 2004; Oliva et al., 2008;

Vásquez-Ruiz & Jara-Campos, 2012).

Order Amphilinidea Poche, 1922

Family Schizochoeridae Poche, 1922

Nesolecithus janicki (Poche, 1922)

Arapaima gigas; adult; body cavity;

freshwater; Amazon River Basin

(Thatcher, 2006).

Schizochoerus liguloideus (Diesing, 1850)

Arapaima gigas; adult; body cavity;

freshwater; Loreto (Serrano-Martínez et

al., 2015).

Order Gyrocotylidea Poche, 1926

Family Gyrocotylidae Benham, 1901

Gyrocotyle maxima MacDonagh, 1927

Callorhynchus callorhynchus; adult;

spiral valve; marine; Lima, La Libertad

(Tantaleán, 1991; Tantaleán & Huiza,

1994).

Class Monogenea Van Beneden, 1858

Order Capsalidea Lebedev, 1988

Family Capsalidae Baird, 1853

Benedenia sp.

Isacia conceptionis; adult; gills; marine;

La Libertad (Escalante et al., 1982a;

Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994; Paschoal et al.,

2015).

1850)

Cilus gilberti; larvae; mesentery; marine;

La Libertad (Escalante & Carvajal, 1984;

Luque et al., 1991; Tantaleán & Huiza,

1994; Palm, 2004).

Family Sphyriocephalidae Pintner, 1913

Hepatoxylon megacephalum (Rudolphi,

1819)

Trichomycterus punctulatus; larvae; body

cavity; freshwater; unspecified locality

(Palm, 2004).

Hepatoxylon trichiuri (Holten, 1802)

Brama japonica, Prionace glauca; adult,

larvae; mesentery, stomach, intestine;

marine; La Libertad, Lima (Escalante,

1986; Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994;

Iannacone & Alvariño, 2013).

Sphyriocephalus tergestinus Pintner, 1913

Sarda chiliensis; larvae; stomach; marine;

Lima (Chero et al., 2015b).

Family Tentaculariidae Poche, 1926

Nybelinia surmenicola Okada in Dollfus,

1929

Trachurus murphyi; larvae; unispeficied

site of infection; marine; Piura (Oliva,

1999).

Nybelinia sp.

Brama japonica, Coryphaena hippurus,

Cynoscion analis, Isacia conceptionis,

Isurus oxyrinchus, Merluccius gayi

peruanus, Mustelus mento, Myliobatis

peruvianus, Paralonchurus peruanus,

Sarda chiliensis, Sciaena deliciosa,

Scomber japonicus, Seriolella violacea,

Stellifer minor, Trachurus murphyi;

larvae; mesentery, valve, visceral surface;

marine; La Libertad, Lambayeque, Lima

(López de McDonald & Tantaleán, 1985;

Luque et al., 1991; Tantaleán & Huiza,

1994; Jara, 1998; Pérez et al., 1999;

Llerena et al., 2001; Oliva & Ballón, 2002

as N. sumernicola; Palm, 2004; Williams

& Williams, 2009; Vásquez-Ruiz & Jara-

Campos, 2012; Iannacone & Alvariño,

2013; Chero et al., 2014a; Iannacone et

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326

Ameloblastella sp.

Hassar sp., Hypophthalmus edentatus,

Sorubim lima; adult; gills; freshwater;

Loreto (Mendoza-Palmero et al., 2015).

Amphi the cium calycinum Boeger &

Kritsky, 1988

Pygocentrus nattereri; adult; gills;

freshwater; Loreto (Iannacone & Luque,

1993b).

Amphithecium camelum Boeger & Kritsky,

1988

Pygocentrus nattereri; adult; gills;

freshwater; Loreto (Iannacone & Luque,

1993b).

Anacanthorus reginae Boeger & Kritsky,

1988

Pygocentrus nattereri; adult; gills;

freshwater; Loreto (Iannacone & Luque,

1993b).

Anaca n thorus s pathula t us Kritsky,

Thatcher & Kayton 1979.

Colossoma macropomum; adult; gills;

freshwater; Loreto (Soberon et al., 2014).

Anacanthorus stachophallus Kritsky,

Boeger & Van Every, 1992

Pygocentrus nattereri; adult; gills;

freshwater; Loreto (Iannacone & Luque,

1993b).

Anacanthorus thatcheri Boeger & Kritsky,

1988

Pygocentrus nattereri; adult; gills;

freshwater; Loreto (Iannacone & Luque,

1993b).

Anacanthorus sp.

Myleus schomburgkii; adult; gills;

freshwater; Loreto (Fernández-Méndez et

al., 2015).

Ancyrocephalus sp.

Strongylura scapularis; adult; gills;

marine; La Libertad, Piura (Tantaleán &

Huiza, 1994).

Aphan o b l astella a urorae Mendoza-

Palmero, Scholz, Mendoza-Franco &

Kuchta, 2012

Goeldiella eques; adult; gills; freshwater;

Loreto (Mendoza-Palmero et al., 2012,

2015).

Benedeniella sp.

Myliobatis peruvianus; stomach; gills;

marine; Ica (Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994).

Capsala gregalis (Wagner & Carter, 1967)

Sarda chiliensis; adult; gills; marine;

Arequipa, Lima (Luque et al., 1991;

Luque & Iannacone, 1991a; Tantaleán &

Huiza, 1994).

Encotyllabe antofagastensis Sepúlveda,

González & Oliva, 2014

Anisotremus scapularis; adult; gills;

marine; Lima (Chero et al., 2014d).

Encotyllabe callaoensis Tantaleán, 1974

Paralonchurus peruanus, Sciaena

deliciosa; adult; gills, mouth; marine;

Lima (Luque et al., 1991; Tantaleán &

Huiza, 1994; Chero et al., 2014a).

Encotyllabe sp.

Aplodactylus punctatus, Stellifer minor;

adult; gills; marine; Ica, La Libertad,

Lambayeque (Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994;

Jara, 1998).

Macrophyllida antarctica (Hughes, 1928)

Johnston, 1930

Cheilodactylus variegatus; adult; gills;

marine; Lima (Martínez et al., 2013)

Neobenedenia sp.

Genypterus sp., Mugil cephalus,

Ophidiidae gen sp.; adult; gills; marine;

Ancash, Lima (Luque et al., 1991;

Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994).

Order Dactylogyridea Bychowsky, 1937

Family Calceostomatidae Parona &

Perugia, 1890

Calceostoma sp.

Orthopristis chalceus; adult; gills;

marine; La Libertad, Piura (Tantaleán &

Huiza, 1994).

Family Dactylogyridae Bychowsky, 1933

Ameloblastella unapi Mendoza-Franco &

Scholz, 2009

Calophysus macropterus; adult; gills;

freshwater; Loreto (Mendoza-Franco

& Scholz, 2009).

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327

Dawestrema cycloancistrioides Kritsky,

Thatcher & Boeger, 1985

Arapaima gigas; adult; gills; freshwater;

Loreto (Mathews et al., 2013a; Serrano-

Martínez et al., 2015).

Dawestrema cycloancistrum Price &

Nowlin, 1967

Arapaima gigas; adult; fins, gills, skin;

freshwater; Amazon River, Loreto

(Iannacone & Luque, 1991; Mathews et

al., 2007; Mathews et al., 2013a; García-

Ruiz et al., 2013; Mathews et al., 2014a;

Serrano-Martínez et al., 2015a).

Demidospermus brevicirrus Mendoza-

Palmero, Scholz, Mendoza-Franco &

Kuchta, 2012

Pimelodus sp.; adult; gills; freshwater;

Loreto (Mendoza-Palmero et al., 2012).

Demidospermus centromochli Mendoza-

Franco & Scholz, 2009

Centromochlus heckelii; adult; gills;

freshwater; Loreto (Mendoza-Franco &

Scholz, 2009).

Demidospermus curvovaginatus Mendoza-

Palmero & Scholz, 2011

Pimelodus sp., Pimelodidae gen. sp.;

adult; gills; freshwater; Loreto (Mendoza-

Palmero & Scholz, 2011).

Demidospermus lebedev (Kritsky &

Thatcher 1976) Mendoza-Palmero &

Scholz, 2011

Pimelodus blochii, Pimelodus sp.; adult;

gills; freshwater; Loreto (Mendoza-

Palmero & Scholz, 2011).

Demidospermus macropteri Mendoza-

Franco & Scholz, 2011

Calophysus macropterus; adult; gills;

freshwater; Loreto (Mendoza-Franco &

Scholz, 2009).

Demidospermus mortenthaleri Mendoza-

Palmero, Scholz, Mendoza-Franco &

Kuchta, 2012

Brachyplatystoma juruense; adult; gills;

freshwater; Loreto (Mendoza-Palmero et

al., 2012, 2015).

Demidospermus peruvianus Mendoza-

Palmero & Scholz, 2011

Aphanoblastella sp.

Goeldiella eques; adult; gills; freshwater;

Loreto (Mendoza-Palmero et al., 2015)

Cleidodiscus sp.

Pimelodella yuncensis; adult; gills;

freshwater; La Libertad (Jara & Escalante,

1984).

Cosmetocleithrum bulbocirrus Kritsky,

Thatcher & Boeger, 1986

Pterodoras granulosus; adult; gills;

freshwater; Loreto (Mendoza-Palmero et

al., 2012).

Cosmetocleithrum confusus Kritsky,

Thatcher & Boeger, 1986

Oxydoras niger; adult; gills; freshwater;

Loreto (Iannacone & Luque, 1991).

Cosmetocleithrum g u s s e v i Kritsky,

Thatcher & Boeger, 1986

Oxydoras niger; adult; gills; freshwater;

Loreto (Iannacone & Luque, 1991).

Cosmetocleithrum sobrinus Kritsky,

Thatcher & Boeger, 1986

Oxydoras niger; adult; gills; freshwater;

Loreto (Iannacone & Luque, 1991).

Cosmetocleithrum sp.

Hassar orestis; adult; gills; freshwater;

Loreto (Mendoza-Palmero et al., 2015).

Dactylogyridae gen. sp.

Agen ei osus vittatu s, Colossoma

macropomum, Hypophthalmus edentatus,

Platynematichthys notatus, Platysilurus

mucosus, Pseudoplatystoma fasciatum,

Sorubim lima; adult; gills; freshwater;

Loreto (Bances et al., 2013; Alcántara-

Bocanegra et al., 2015; Mendoza-Palmero

et al., 2015; Vargas et al., 2015).

Dactylogyrus sp.

Aspistogramma sp., Cichlasoma sp.,

Carassius auratus, Pterophyllum scalare,

Symphysodon aequifasciatus; gills;

tegument; freshwater; Amazon River

basin, Lima (Gonzáles-Fernández, 2012a;

Aguinaga et al., 2015).

Dactylogyrus vastator Nybelin, 1924

Cyprinus carpio carpio; adult; gills;

freshwater; La Libertad (Jara & Escalante,

1983a).

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328

freshwater; Amazon River Basin (Kritsky

& Boeger, 2002).

Gonocleithrum cursitans (Kritsky &

Thatcher, 1983)

Osteoglossum bicirrhosum; adult; gills;

freshwater; Amazon River Basin

(Vásquez et al., 2007).

Gussevia alioides Kritsky, Thatcher &

Boeger, 1986

Heros severus; adult; gills; freshwater;

Loreto (Mendoza-Franco et al., 2010).

Gussevia asota Kritsky, Thatcher & Boeger,

1989

Astronotus ocellatus; adult; gills;

freshwater; Loreto (Mendoza-Franco et

al., 2010; Mathews et al., 2014b).

Gussevia disparoides Kritsky, Thatcher &

Boeger, 1986

Cichlasoma amazonarum, Heros severus;

adult; gills; freshwater; Loreto (Mendoza-

Franco et al., 2010).

Gussevia longihaptor (Mizelle & Kritsky,

1969)

Ci chl a mo noc ulu s; ad ult ; gills;

freshwater; Loreto (Mendoza-Franco et

al., 2010).

Gussevia spiralocirra Kohn & Paperna,

1964

Pterophyllum scalare; adult; gills;

freshwater; Loreto (Kritsky et al., 1986).

Gussevia tucunarense Kritsky, Thatcher &

Boeger, 1986

Chaetobranchus semifasciatus; adult;

gills; freshwater; Loreto (Mathews et al.,

2013c).

Gussevia undulata Kritsky, Thatcher &

Boeger, 1986

Ci chl a mo noc ulu s; ad ult ; gills;

freshwater; Loreto (Mendoza-Franco et

al., 2010; Mathews et al., 2012).

Hamatopeduncularia sp.

Galeichthys peruvianus; adult; gills;

marine; Lima (Iannacone & Luque,

1993a).

Haliotrema mugilinus Hargis, 1955

Mugil cephalus; adult; gills; freshwater;

La Libertad (Jara & Escalante, 1983a).

Pimelodus ornatus, P. blochii, Pimelodus

sp., Pimelodidae gen. sp.; adult; gills;

freshwater; Loreto (Mendoza-Palmero &

Scholz, 2011).

Demidospermus striatus Mendoza-Palmero

& Scholz, 2011

Pimelodus blochii, Pimelodus sp.; adult;

gills; freshwater; Loreto (Mendoza-

Palmero & Scholz, 2011).

Demidospermus sp.

Brachyplatystoma vaillantii; adult; gills;

freshwater; Loreto (Mendoza-Palmero et

al., 2015).

Euryhaliotrema chaoi Kritsky & Boeger,

2002

Plagioscion squamosissimus; adult; gills;

freshwater; Amazon River Basin (Kritsky

& Boeger, 2002).

Euryhaliotrema lovejoyi Kritsky & Boeger,

2002

Plagioscion squamosissimus; adult; gills;

freshwater; Amazon River Basin (Kritsky

& Boeger, 2002).

Euryhaliotrema monacanthus Kritsky &

Boeger, 2002

Plagioscion squamosissimus; adult; gills;

freshwater; Amazon River Basin (Kritsky

& Boeger, 2002).

Euryhaliotrema paralonchuri (Luque &

Iannacone, 1989)

Paralonchurus peruanus; adult; gills;

marine; Lima (Luque & Iannacone,

1989a; Luque et al., 1991; Luque & Oliva,

1993a; Oliva & Luque, 1998b).

Euryhaliotrema potamocetes Kritsky &

Boeger, 2002

Plagioscion squamosissimus; adult; gills;

freshwater; Amazon River Basin (Kritsky

& Boeger, 2002).

Euryhaliotrema succedanus Kritsky &

Boeger, 2002

Plagioscion squamosissimus; adult; gills;

freshwater; Amazon River Basin (Kritsky

& Boeger, 2002).

Euryhaliotrema thatcheri Kritsky & Boeger,

2002

Plagioscion squamosissimus; adult; gills;

Neotropical Helminthology. Vol. 10, Nº2, jul-dic 2016 Luque et al.

329

(Tantaleán & Huiza 1994).

Rhinonastes pseudocapsaloideum Kritsky,

Thatcher & Boeger, 1988

Prochilodus nigricans; adult; gills;

freshwater; Loreto (Mathews et al.,

2013b).

Rhinoxenus piranhus Kritsky, Thatcher &

Boeger, 1988

Pygocentrus nattereri; adult; nasal

cavities; freshwater; Loreto (Iannacone &

Luque, 1993b).

Sciadicleithrum satanopercae Yamada,

Takemoto, Bellay & Pavanelli, 2009

Satanoperca jurupari; adult; gills;

freshwater; Loreto (Mendoza-Franco et

al., 2010).

Sciadicleithrum variabilum (Mizelle &

Kritsky 1969) Kritsky, Thatcher &

Boeger, 1989

Cichlasoma amazonarum; adult; gills;

freshwater; Loreto (Mendoza-Franco et

al., 2010).

Tucunarella cichlae Mendoza-Franco,

Scholz & Rozkosna, 2010

Ci c hla mon ocul us; a dult ; gi lls;

freshwater; Loreto (Mendoza-Franco et

al., 2010).

Unibarra paranoplatensis Suriano &

Incorvaia, 1995

Aguarunichthys torosus; adult; gills;

freshwater; Loreto (Mendoza-Palmero et

al., 2015).

Unilatus brittani Mizelle, Kritsky & Crane,

1968

Pterygoplichthys anisitsi; adult; gills;

freshwater; Loreto (Mendoza-Palmero et

al., 2012).

Unilatus unilatus Mizelle & Kritsky, 1967

Pterygoplichthys anisitsi; adult; gills;

freshwater; Loreto (Mendoza-Palmero et

al., 2012).

Urocleidoides eremitus Kritsky, Thatcher &

Boeger, 1986

Hoplias malabaricus; adult; gills;

freshwater; Madre de Dios (Iannacone &

Luque, 1993b).

Urocleidus sp.

Jainus amazonensis Kritsky, Thatcher &

Kayton, 1980

Brycon cephalus; adult; gills; freshwater;

Loreto (Mathews et al., 2014a)

Mexicana iannaconi Chero, Cruces, Sáez &

Alvariño, 2014

Haemulon steindachneri; adult; gills;

marine; Lima (Chero et al., 2014e).

Mexicana sp.

Anisotremus scapularis; adult; gills;

marine; Lima (Iannacone & Alvariño,

2012; Chero et al., 2014d; Paschoal et al.,

2015).

Mymarothecium viatorum Boeger, Piasecki

& Sobecka, 2002

Piaractus brachypomus; gills; freshwater;

Amazon River basin (Dinis-Vásquez,

2014).

Notothecium bethae Kritsky, Boeger & Jegu

1996

Pygocentrus nattereri; adult; gills;

freshwater; Loreto (Gonzales et al.,

2015).

Notothecium mizellei Boeger & Kritsky,

1988

Myleus schomburgkii; adult; gills;

freshwater; Loreto (Iannacone & Luque,

1993b).

Notozothecium penetratum Boeger &

Kritsky, 1988

Pygocentrus nattereri; adult; gills;

freshwater; Loreto (Iannacone & Luque,

1993b).

Notozothecium sp.

Myleus schomburgkii; adult; gills;

freshwater; Loreto (Fernández-Méndez et

al., 2015).

Oncocleidus sp.

Lebiasina bimaculata; adult; gills;

freshwater; La Libertad (Jara & Escalante,

1983b).

Parancylodiscoides chaetodipteri Caballero

& Bravo-Hollis, 1961

Parapsettus panamensis; adult; gills;

marine; Tumbes (Chero et al., 2015c)

Pseudohaliotrema sp.

Genypterus sp.; adult; gills; marine; Lima

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330

marine; Lambayeque, Lima, Tumbes

(Luque & Oliva, 1993a; Tantaleán &

Huiza, 1994; Iannacone et al., 2000;

Iannacone et al., 2001; Minaya et al.,

2016).

Pseudorhabdosynochus jeanloui Knoff,

Cohen, Cárdenas, Cárdenas-Callirgos

& Gomes, 2015

Paranthias colonus; adult; gills; marine;

Lima (Knoff et al., 2015).

Rhamnocercoides menticirrhi Luque &

Iannacone, 1991

Menticirrhus ophicephalus; adult; gills;

marine; Lima (Luque & Iannacone,

1991a; Luque, 1994a; Oliva & Luque,

1998b).

Rhamnocercus oliveri Luque & Iannacone,

1991

Stellifer minor; adult; gills; marine; Lima

(Luque & Iannacone, 1991b; Iannacone,

2004).

Rhamnocercus sp.

Stellifer minor; adult; gills; marine; La

Libertad, Lambayeque, Lima (Oliva et al.,

1990; Luque et al., 1991; Jara, 1998; Oliva

& Luque, 1998b).

R h a m n o c e r c u s s t e l l i f e r i L uque &

Iannacone, 1991

Stellifer minor; adult; gills; marine; Lima

(Luque & Iannacone, 1991b; Iannacone,

2004).

Family Tetraonchidae Monticelli, 1903

Tetraonchus monenteron Diesing, 1858

Arapaima gigas; adult; gills; freshwater;

Loreto (Tantaleán et al., 1985a).

Tylosuricola amatoi Iannacone & Luque,

1990

Strongylura scapularis; adult; gills;

marine; Lima (Iannacone & Luque, 1990).

Order Diclybothriidea Bychowsky, 1957

Family Hexabothriidae Price, 1942

Callorhynchocotyle marplatensis Suriano &

Incorvaia, 1982

Callorhynchus callorhynchus; adult; gills;

Aequidens rivulatus; adult; gills;

freshwater; La Libertad (Jara & Escalante,

1983b).

Vancleaveus fungulus Kritsky, Thatcher &

Boeger, 1986

Pseudoplatystoma fasciatum; adult; gills;

freshwater; Loreto (Mendoza-Palmero et

al., 2012).

Vancleaveus janauacaensis Kritsky,

Thatcher & Boeger, 1986

Pterodoras granulosus; adult; gills;

freshwater; Loreto (Mendoza-Palmero et

al., 2012, 2015).

Vancleaveus platyrhynchi Kritsky, Thatcher

& Boeger, 1986

Hemisorubim platyrhynchos; adult; gills;

freshwater; Loreto (Mendoza-Palmero et

al., 2012).

Family Diplectanidae Monticelli, 1903

Diplectanidae gen. sp. 1

Cheilotrema fasciatum; adult; gills;

marine; Lima (Oliva & Luque, 1998b).

Diplectanidae gen. sp. 2

Cheilotrema fasciatum; adult; gills;

marine; Lima (Oliva & Luque, 1998b).

Diplectanidae gen. sp. 3

Paralonchurus peruanus; adult; gills;

marine; Lima (Oliva & Luque, 1998b).

Diplectanum decorum Kritsky & Thatcher,

1984

Plagioscion squamosissimus; adult; gills;

freshwater; Loreto (Iannacone & Luque,

1993b).

Diplectanum pescadae Kritsky & Thatcher,

1984

Plagioscion squamosissimus; adult; gills;

freshwater; Loreto (Iannacone & Luque,

1993b).

Diplecta num piscinarius Kritsky &

Thatcher, 1984

Plagioscion squamosissimus; adult; gills;

freshwater; Loreto (Iannacone & Luque,

1993b).

Diplectanum sp.

Cynoscion analis, Paralonchurus

peruanus, Stellifer minor; adult; gills;

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331

freshwater; La Libertad (An et al., 1991).

Gyrodactylus sp.

Carassius auratus, Lebiasina bimaculata,

Oreochromis spp., Trichomycterus

punctulatus; gills; tegument; freshwater;

La Libertad, Lima (Jara & Escalante,

1984; Jara, 1986; Gonzáles-Fernández,

2012ab).

Gyrodactylus turnbulli Harris, 1986

Poecilia reticulata; adult; gills;

freshwater; La Libertad (An et al., 1991).

Oögyrodactylus farlowellae Harris, 1983

Farlowella amazonum; adult; skin, fins;

freshwater; Loreto (Harris, 1983).

Scleroductus yuncensi Jara & Cone, 1989

Pimelodella yuncensis; adult; gills;

freshwater; La Libertad (Jara & Cone,

1989).

Order Mazocraeidea Bychowsky, 1957

Family Allopyragraphoridae Yamaguti,

1963

Allopyragraphorus caballeroi (Zerecero,

1960)

Caranx hippos; adult; gills; marine;

Ancash, La Libertad (Tantaleán et al.,

1988; Luque et al., 1991; Tantaleán &

Huiza, 1994).

Family Anthocotylidae Price, 1936

Anthocotyle americana (MacCallum, 1916)

Merluccius gayi peruanus; adult; gills;

marine; Lima (Durán & Oliva, 1980;

Verano et al., 1990; Luque et al., 1991;

Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994; Chero et al.,

2014b).

Anthocotyle merluccii van Beneden &

Hesse, 1863

Merluccius gayi peruanus; adult; gills;

marine; Lima (Durán & Oliva, 1980;

Iannacone & Luque, 1990; Oliva &

Ballón, 2002).

Family Axinidae Monticelli, 1903

Axine ibanezi Tantaleán, 1975

Exocoetus volitans; adult; gills; marine;

marine; Lima (Luque et al., 1991; Luque

& Iannacone, 1991b; Tantaleán & Huiza,

1994).

Erpocotyle sp.

Mustelus dorsalis; adult; gills; marine; La

Libertad, Lima, Piura (Tantaleán & Huiza,

1994).

Rhinobatonchocotyle cyclovaginatus Doran,

1953

Rhinobatos planiceps; adult; gills;

marine; Lima (Tantaleán et al., 1998).

Rhinobatonchocotyle pacifica Oliva &

Luque, 1995

Rhinobatos planiceps; adult; gills;

marine; Lima (Iannacone et al., 2011a).

Order Gyrodactylidea Bychowsky, 1937

Family Gyrodactylidae Van Beneden &

Hesse, 1863

Accessorius peruensis Jara, An & Cone,

1991

Lebiasina bimaculata; adult; gills;

freshwater; La Libertad (Jara et al., 1990).

Anacanthocotyle sp.

Bryconamericus peruanus; adult; gills;

freshwater; La Libertad (Jara, 1986).

Gyrodactylidae gen. sp.

Colossoma macropomum; adult; gills;

freshwater; Loreto (Alcántara-Bocanegra

et al., 2015).

Gyrodactylus bimaculatus An, Jara & Cone,

1991

Lebiasina bimaculata; adult; gills;

freshwater; La Libertad (An et al., 1991).

Gyrodactylus lebiasinus An, Jara & Cone,

1991

Lebiasina bimaculata; adult; body

washings; freshwater; La Libertad (An et

al., 1991).

Gyrodactylus pimelodellus An, Jara & Cone,

1991

Pimelodella yuncensis; adult; gills;

freshwater; La Libertad (An et al., 1991).

Gyrodactylus slendrus An, Jara & Cone,

1991

Lebiasina bimaculata; adult; gills;

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332

adult; gills; marine; Ancash, Ica, La

Libertad, Lima (Tantaleán et al., 1988;

Luque et al., 1991; Tantaleán & Huiza,

1994).

Choricotyle sp.

Cilus gilberti; adult; gills; marine; Lima

(Chero et al., 2014c).

Hargicotyle chimbotensis (Tantaleán, 1974)

Paralonchurus peruanus; adult; gills;

marine; Ancash (Tantaleán, 1974ab;

Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994).

Hargicotyle louisianensis (Hargis, 1955)

Cilus gilberti, Sciaena deliciosa; adult;

gills; marine; Lima (Chero et al., 2014ac).

Hargicotyle magna Oliva & Luque, 1989

Cheilotrema fasciatum; adult; gills,

mouth; marine; Lima (Oliva & Luque,

1989b; Luque et al., 1991; Tantaleán &

Huiza, 1994; Oliva & Luque, 1998b).

Hargicotyle menticirrhi Oliva & Luque, 1989

Menticirrhus ophicephalus; adult; gills,

mouth; marine; Lima (Oliva & Luque,

1989b; Luque et al., 1991; Luque 1994a;

Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994; Oliva & Luque,

1998b).

Hargicotyle paralonchuri Oliva & Luque,

1989

Cynoscion analis, Paralonchurus

peruanus; adult; gills; marine; Lima

(Oliva & Luque, 1989b; Luque et al.,

1991; Luque & Oliva, 1993a; Tantaleán &

Huiza, 1994; Oliva & Luque, 1998b;

Iannacone et al., 2001).

Hargicotyle peruensis (Tantaleán, 1974)

Paralonchurus peruanus, Sciaena

deliciosa; adult; gills; marine; Ancash

(Tantaleán, 1974b; Tantaleán & Huiza,

1994).

Hargicotyle sciaenae Oliva & Luque, 1989

Sciaena deliciosa; adult; gills; marine;

Lima (Oliva & Luque, 1989b; Luque et al.,

1991; Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994; Oliva &

Luque, 1998b; Iannacone et al., 2010a).

Hargicotyle sp.

Cynoscion analis, Sciaena deliciosa;

adult; gills; marine; Ica (Tantaleán &

Huiza, 1994).

Lima (Tantaleán, 1975a; Luque et al.,

1991; Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994).

Loxura peruensis Oliva & Luque, 1995

Strongylura exilis, S.scapularis; adult;

gills; marine; Lima, Northern coastal zone

(Escalante et al., 1982b; Luque et al.,

1991; Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994; Oliva &

Luque, 1995).

Family Cemocotylidae Yamaguti, 1963

Cemocotyle sp.

Trachurus murphyi; adult; gills; marine;

La Libertad, Piura (Tantaleán & Huiza,

1994).

Cemocotyle trachuri Dillon & Hargis, 1965

Trachurus murphyi; adult; gills;

marine; Piura (Oliva, 1999).

Family Chauhaneidae Euzet & Trilles,

1960

Oaxacotyle oaxacensis (Caballero & Bravo,

1964) Lebedev, 1984

Peprilus medius; P. snyderi; adult; gills;

marine; Lima (Iannacone & Alvariño,

2008; Ñacari & Sánchez, 2014).

Family Diclidophoridae Cerfontaine, 1895

Choricotyle anisotremi Oliva, 1987

Anisotremus scapularis; adult; gills;

marine; Lima (Iannacone & Alvariño,

2009b; Paschoal et al., 2015).

Choricotyle caulolatili (Meserve, 1938)

Sproston, 1946

Caulolatilus sp.; adult; gills; marine;

Ancash (Tantaleán et al., 1985b; Luque et

al., 1991; Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994). 

Choricotyle isaciencis Oliva, González, Ruz

& Luque, 2009

Isacia conceptionis; adult; gills; marine;

Lima (Iannacone et al., 2015).

Choricotyle scapularis Oliva, González, Ruz

& Luque, 2009

Anisotremus scapularis; adult; gills;

marine; Lima (Chero et al., 2014d).

Choricotyle sonorensis Caballero & Bravo-

Hollis, 1962

Isacia conceptionis, Sardinops sagax;

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333

Family Gastrocotylidae Price, 1943

Pseudaxine sp.

Scomberomorus sierra; adult; unspecified

site of infection; marine; La Libertad

(Escalante et al., 1982b).

Family Heteraxinidae Unnithan, 1957

Allencotyla mcintoshi (Price, 1962)

Seriola lalandi; adult; gills; marine;

Ancash (Tantaleán et al., 1988; Luque et

al., 1991; Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994).

Cynoscionicola americanus Tantaleán,

Martinez & Escalante, 1987

Cheilotrema fasciatum, Cilus gilbert,

M e n t i c i r r h u s o p h i c e p h a l u s ,

Paralonchurus peruanus, Stellifer minor;

adult; gills; marine; Ancash, Lima

(Tantaleán et al., 1987; Luque et al., 1991;

Luque & Oliva, 1993a; Luque, 1994a;

Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994; Oliva & Luque,

1998b; Chero et al., 2014c).

Cynoscionicola cynoscioni Tantaleán,

Martinez & Escalante, 1987

Cynoscion analis; adult; gills; marine;

Ancash, Lima, Tumbes (Tantaleán et al.,

1987; Luque et al., 1991; Tantaleán &

Huiza, 1994; Iannacone et al., 2001;

Iannacone, 2005 ; Minaya et al., 2016).

Cynoscionicola intermedia Tantaleán,

Martinez & Escalante 1988

Xenistius peruanus; adult; gills; marine;

Ancash (Tantaleán et al., 1988; Luque et

al., 1991; Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994;

Paschoal et al., 2015).

Cynoscionicola sciaenae Tantaleán, 1974

Sciaena deliciosa; adult; gills; marine;

Ica, Lima (Tantaleán, 1974a; Luque et al.,

1991; Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994; Oliva &

Luque, 1998b; Iannacone et al., 2010a;

Chero et al., 2014a).

Cynoscionicola sp.

Paralonchurus peruanus; Stellifer minor;

adult; gills; marine; Ica, Lima (Oliva et al.,

1989, 1990; Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994).

Zeuxapta seriolae (Meserve, 1938)

Chloroscombrus orqueta; adult; gills;

marine; La Libertad, Lima (Tantaleán et

Hemitagia galapagensis (Meserve, 1938)

Paralabrax humeralis; adult; gills;

marine; La Libertad, Lima, Piura

(Tantaleán et al., 1982; Luque et al., 1991;

Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994).

N e o h e t e r o b o t h r i u m c y n o s c i o n i

(MacCallum, 1917)

Cynoscion analis; adult; gills; marine; Ica,

Lima, Tumbes (Tantaleán et al., 1982;

Luque et al., 1991; Tantaleán & Huiza,

1994; Iannacone et al., 2001; Minaya et

al., 2016).

Paraeurysorchis sarmientoi (Tantaleán,

1974)

Seriolella violacea; adult; gills; marine;

Lima (Tantaleán, 1974b; Tantaleán et al.,

1985b; Luque et al., 1991; Tantaleán &

Huiza, 1994; Iannacone, 2003).

Pedocotyle annakohni Luque & Iannacone,

1989

Stellifer minor; adult; gills; marine; Lima

(Luque & Iannacone, 1989b; Oliva et al.,

1990; Luque et al., 1991; Tantaleán &

Huiza, 1994; Oliva & Luque, 1998b).

Pedocotyle bravoi Luque & Iannacone, 1989

Stellifer minor; adult; gills; marine; La

Libertad, Lima, Northern coastal zone

(Luque & Iannacone, 1989b; Oliva et al.,

1990; Luque et al., 1991; Tantaleán &

Huiza, 1994; Jara, 1998; Oliva & Luque,

1998b).

Pedocotyle sp.

Stellifer minor; adult; gills; marine; Ica,

Lambayeque (Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994).

Pseudoeurysorchis travassosi Caballero &

Bravo-Hollis, 1962

Isacia conceptionis; adult; gills; marine;

Ica, Lima (Tantaleán et al., 1985b; Luque

et al., 1991; Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994;

Paschoal et al., 2015; Iannacone et al.,

2015).

Teleurysorchis gumercindae Gonzaléz &

Sarmiento, 1990

Schedophilus haedrichi; adult; gills;

marine; Ancash (González & Sarmiento,

1990; Luque et al., 1991).

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Mamaev & Egorova, 1977

Caulolatilus sp.; adult; gills; marine;

Lima (Tantaleán et al., 1982; Tantaleán &

Huiza, 1994).

Metamicrocotyla macracantha (Alexander,

1954) Koratha, 1955

Mugil cephalus; adult; gills; marine;

Ancash, Ica, Lima, Northen Coastal zone

(Tantaleán, 1974a; Tantaleán et al., 1982;

Luque, 1994b; Luque et al., 1991;

Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994; Vásquez-Ruiz

et al., 2012).

Microcotyle nemadactylus Dillon & Hargis,

1965

Cheilodactylus variegatus; adult; gills;

marine; Lima (Martínez & Barrantes,

1977; Luque et al., 1991; Tantaleán &

Huiza, 1994; Oliva & Luque, 1998a;

Iannacone et al., 2003).

Microcotyloides impudicus Caballero,

Bravo-Hollis & Grocott, 1955

Polydactylus approximans; adult; gills;

marine; Lima (Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994).

Neobivagina chita Tantaleán, Morales &

Escalante, 1998

Anisotremus scapularis; adult; intestine;

marine; Lima (Tantaleán et al., 1998;

Iannacone & Alvariño, 2009; Chero et al.,

2014d; Paschoal et al., 2015).

Family Protomicrocotylidae Johnston &

Tiegs, 1922

Neomicrocotyle sp.

Caranx hippos; adult; gills; marine; La

Libertad, Piura (Tantaleán & Huiza,

1994).

Family Pyragraphoridae Yamaguti, 1963

Pyragraphorus pyragraphorus (MacCallum

& MacCallum, 1913) Sproston, 1946

Trachinotus paitensis; adult; unspecified

site of infection; marine; Piura (Iannacone

& Luque, 1990).

Family Thoracocotylidae Price, 1936

Mexicotyle mexicana (Meserve, 1938)

Scomberomorus sierra; adult; gills;

al., 1985b; Luque et al., 1991; Tantaleán

& Huiza, 1994).

F a m i ly Ma c ro v a l vit rem a t i dae

Yamaguti, 1963

Macrovalvitrema sp.

Sciaena deliciosa; adult; gills; marine;

Lima (Chero et al., 2014a).

Pterinotrematoides mexicanum Caballero &

Bravo-Hollis, 1955

Micropogonias sp.; adult; gills; marine;

Lima (Tantaleán et al., 1985b; Tantaleán

& Huiza, 1994).

Family Mazocraeidae Price, 1936

Kuhnia indica Tripathi, 1959

Scomber japonicus; adult; gills; marine;

Arequipa (Ruelas & Cordova, 1995).

Kuhnia scombri (Kuhn, 1829) Sproston,

1945

Scomber japonicus; adult; gills; marine;

Arequipa, Lambayeque, Lima (Tantaleán

et al., 1988; Luque et al., 1991; Tantaleán

& Huiza, 1994; Oliva et al., 2008; Ruelas

& Cordova, 1995).

Kuhnia sp.

Trachinotus paitensis; adult; gills;

marine; La Libertad (Jara, 1998).

Kuhnia sprostonae Price, 1961

Scomber japonicus; adult; gills; marine;

Ancash, Lambayeque, Lima (Tantaleán et

al., 1988; Luque et al., 1991; Tantaleán &

Huiza, 1994; Oliva et al., 2008).

Family Microcotylidae Taschenberg, 1879

Bicotylophora trachinoti (MacCallum, 1921)

Price, 1936

Trachinotus paitensis; adult; gills; marine;

Ica, Lima, Piura (Iannacone & Luque,

1990; Luque et al., 1991; Tantaleán &

Huiza, 1994).

Intracotyle neghmei (Villalba, 1987) Oliva &

Luque, 1995

Anisotremus scapularis; adult; gills;

marine; Lima (Oliva & Luque, 1995;

Paschoal et al., 2015).

Jaliscia caballeroi (Bravo-Hollis, 1960)

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335

Potamotrygon sp.; adult; gills; freshwater;

Loreto (Domingues & Marques, 2011).

Potamotrygonocotyle tsalickisi Mayes,

Brooks & Thorson, 1981

Potamotrygon sp.; adult; gills; freshwater;

Rio Madre de Dios (Domingues &

Marques, 2011).

Class Trematoda Rudolphi, 1808

Order Aspidogastrida Dollfus, 1958

Family Aspidogastridae Poche, 1907

Lobato s t o ma aniso t r e mum Oliva &

Carvajal, 1984

Anisotremus scapularis; adult; intestine,

stomach; marine; Central Coast, Lima,

Zona Sur (Moquegua-Tacna) (Ruelas &

Córdova, 1995; Oliva & Luque, 1989a;

Luque et al., 1991; Tantaleán & Huiza,

1994; Chero et al., 2014d; Alves et al.,

2015b; Paschoal et al., 2015).

Lobatostoma kemostoma (MacCallum &

MacCallum, 1913)

Trachinotus paitensis; adult; intestine;

marine; Lima (Luque & Oliva, 1993b;

Alves et al., 2015b).

Lobatostoma pacificum Manter, 1940

Trachinotus paitensis, T. rhodopus; adult;

intestine; marine; Central Coast, La

Libertad, Lima (Oliva & Luque, 1989a;

Luque et al., 1991; Tantaleán & Huiza,

1994, Jara, 1998; Alves et al., 2015b).

Lobatostoma sp.

Peprilus medius, Trachinotus paitensis;

adult; intestine; marine; La Libertad,

Lima (Iannacone & Alvariño, 2008).

Lobatostoma veranoi Oliva & Luque, 1989

Menticirrhus ophicephalus; adult;

intestine; marine; Central Coast, Lima

(Oliva & Luque, 1989ab; Luque et al.,

1991; Luque, 1994a; Tantaleán & Huiza,

1994; Alves et al., 2015b).

Order Plagiorchiida La Rue, 1957

Family Allocreadiidae Looss, 1902

Auriculostoma foliaceum Curran, Tkach &

marine; Ancash, Ica (Escalante et al.,

1982b; Tantaleán et al., 1988; Tantaleán &

Huiza, 1994).

Thoracocotyle crocea MacCallum, 1913

Scomberomorus sierra; adult; gills;

marine; Ica, La Libertad (Tantaleán et al.,

1985b; Luque et al., 1991; Tantaleán &

Huiza, 1994).

Order Monocotylidea Lebedev, 1988

Family Loimoidae Price, 1936

Loimos scoliodoni (Manter, 1938)

Mustelus dorsalis; adult; gills; marine; La

Libertad, Piura (Tantaleán et al., 1988;

Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994).

Loimos sp.

Stellifer minor; adult; gills; marine; La

Libertad (Jara, 1998).

Family Monocotylidae Taschenberg, 1879

Anoplocotyloides chorrillensis Luque &

Iannacone, 1991

Rhinobatos planiceps; adult; gills;

marine; Lima (Luque & Iannacone,

1991b).

Anoplocotyloides papillatus (Doran, 1953)

Young, 1967

Rhinobatos planiceps; adult; gills;

marine; Lima (Luque & Iannacone,

1991b).

Heterocotyle sp.

Rhinobatos planiceps; adult; gills;

marine; La Libertad (Escalante et al.,

1982b; Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994).

P o t a m o t r y g o n o c o t y l e c h i s h o l m a e

Domingues & Marques, 2007

Potamotrygon motoro adult; gills;

freshwater; Madre de Dios (Domingues &

Marques, 2011).

P o t a m o t r y g o n o c o t y l e d r o m e d a r i u s

Domingues & Marques, 2007

Potamotrygon motoro; adult; gills;

freshwater; Madre de Dios (Domingues &

Marques, 2011).

P o t a m o t r y g o n o c o t y l e r i o n e g r e n s e

Domingues, Pancera & Marques, 2007

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336

Notoporus sp.

Orthopristis chalceus; adult; intestine;

marine; Northern coastal zone (Escalante

et al., 1984; Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994;

Paschoal et al., 2015).

Plagioporus sp.

Cilus gilberti; adult; intestine; marine;

Lima (Chero et al., 2014c).

Pseudopecoelus sp.

Sebastes capensis; adult; intestine;

marine; Lima (González & Poulin, 2005;

González et al., 2006).

Sphaerostoma sp.

Aequidens rivulatus; adult; intestine;

freshwater; La Libertad (Jara, 1997; Jara

et al., 1998).

Villarrealina peruana Bolaños & Salas, 1982

Cilus gilberti, Sciaena deliciosa; adult;

intestine; marine; Lima (Luque et al.,

1991; Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994; Chero et

al., 2014c).

Family Azygiidae Lühe, 1909

Otodistomum veliporum (Creplin, 1837)

Stafford, 1934

S q u a t i n a a r m a t a , S y m p t e r y g i a

brevicaudata; adult; coelomic cavity,

stomach; marine; Ancash, La Libertad

(Escalante & Jara, 1983; Tantaleán, 1991;

Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994).

Family Bucephalidae Poche, 1907

Bucephalus sp.

Labrisomus philippii; adult; larvae;

stomach; muscles; marine; Lima (Oliva &

Luque, 2002; Cruces et al., 2015).

Dollfustrema sp.

Strongylura scapularis; intestine; marine;

Northern coastal zone (Escalante et al.,

1984a; Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994).

Prosorhynchoides carvajali Munoz & Bott,

2011

Labrisomus philippii; adult; intestine;

stomach; marine; Lima (Cruces et al.,

2015).

Prosorhynchoides rioplatensis (Szidat,

1970) Lunaschi, 2003

Overstreet, 2011

Bryconops caudomaculatus; adult;

intestine; freshwater; Loreto (Curran et

al., 2011).

Auriculostoma diagonale Curran, Tkach &

Overstreet, 2011

Stethaprion erythrops; adult; intestine;

freshwater; Loreto (Curran et al., 2011)

Family Opecoelidae Ozaki, 1925

Anisoporus sp.

Paralichthys woolmani; adult; intestine;

marine; La Libertad (Luque et al., 1991;

Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994).

Bunoderina sp.

Brycon atrocaudatus; adult; intestine;

freshwater; La Libertad (Jara et al., 1997).

Cainocreadium sp.

Paralichthys adspersus, Stellifer minor;

adult; intestine, pyloric caecum; marine;

Lambayeque, Lima (Tantaleán & Huiza,

1994; Iannacone et al., 2012a).

Helicometra fasciata (Rudolphi, 1819)

Odhner, 1902

Cheilotrema fasciatum, Cilus gilberti,

Gymnothorax porphyreus, Labrisomus

philippii, Lepophidium sp., Menticirrhus

ophicephalus, Paralabrax humeralis,

Paralonchurus peruanus, Sciaena

deliciosa, Stellifer minor; adult; intestine;

marine; Arequipa, Ica, La Libertad, Lima

(Tantaleán et al., 1975; Luque et al., 1991;

Luque & Oliva, 1993ab; Luque, 1994a;

Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994; Jara, 1998;

Oliva & Luque, 1998b, 2002; Iannacone,

2004; Iannacone et al., 2010a; Iannacone

et al., 2011b; Chero et al., 2014ac)

Helicometrina nimia Linton, 1910

Sebastes capensis, Sicyases sanguineus;

adult; intestine; marine; Lima (González

& Poulin, 2005; González et al., 2006;

Iannacone & Alvariño, 2011).

Helicometrina sp.

Acanthistius pictus, Paralabrax

humeralis; adult; intestine; marine;

Arequipa, Lima (Tantaleán & Huiza,

1994).

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337

1994).

Anaporrhutum sp.

Scomberomorus sierra; adult; abdominal

cavity; marine; Piura (Tantaleán & Huiza,

1994).

Nagmia peruviana Tantaleán & Rodríguez,

1990

Mobula thurstoni; adult; visceral cavity;

marine; Ancash, Lima (Escalante et al.,

1983; Tantaleán & Rodriguez, 1990;

Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994).

Phyllodistomum sp.

P s e u d o p l a t y s t o m a f a s c i a t u m ,

Trachinotus paitensis; adult; kidney,

urynary blader; freshwater, marine; La

Libertad, Loreto (Tantaleán et al., 1985b;

Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994).

Family Fellodistomidae Nicoll, 1909

Monascus sp.

Trachurus murphyi; adult; intestine;

marine; Lambayeque, Piura, (Tantaleán &

Huiza, 1994).

Proctoeces lintoni Siddiqi & Cable, 1960

Anis o t remu s sc a p u l a r i s , I s a c i a

conceptionis, Sicyases sanguineus; adult;

intestine; marine; Lima (Luque & Oliva,

1993b; Iannacone & Alvariño, 2009b;

2011; Paschoal et al., 2015; Iannacone et

al., 2015).

Proctoeces sp.

Anis o t remu s sc a p u l a r i s , I s a c i a

conceptionis, Sicyases sanguineus; adult;

gills, intestine; marine; Ica, La Libertad,

Lima, (Escalante et al., 1984a; Tantaleán

et al., 1992; Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994;

Chero et al., 2014d; Paschoal et al., 2015).

Family Haploporidae Nicoll, 1914

Dicrogaster sp.

Mugil cephalus; adult; intestine;

freshwater; La Libertad (Tantaleán et al.,

1985a; Jara, 1997).

Lecithobotrioides elongatus Thatcher, 1999

Prochilodus nigricans; adult; intestine;

freshwater; Loreto (Mathews et al.,

2013b).

Labrisomus philippii; adult; intestine; marine;

Lima (Iannacone et al., 2011b)

Prosorhynchoides sp.

Labrisomus philippii, Odontesthes regia,

Paralichthys adspersus, Sicyases

sanguineus; adult; intestine, muscles;

marine; Lambayeque, Lima, Northern

coastal zone, Piura (Escalante et al.,

1984b; Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994; Oliva &

Luque, 2002).

Prosorhynchus sp.

Alphestes afer, Katsuwonus pelamis,

Labrisomus philippii, Merluccius gayi

peruanus, Scartichthys gigas; adult,

larvae; caecum intestine, muscles;

marine; Ancash, La Libertad, Lima

(Durán & Oliva, 1980; Escalante & Jara,

1983; Escalante et al., 1984a; Luque,

1991; Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994; Oliva &

Luque, 2002).

Rhipidocotyle adbaculum Manter, 1940

Sarda chiliensis; adult; stomach; marine;

Lima (Luque et al., 1991; Tantaleán &

Huiza, 1994).

Rhipidocotyle sp.

Sarda chiliensis; Cilus gilbert; adult;

intestine; marine; Arequipa (Tantaleán &

Huiza, 1994).

Family Echinostomatide Looss, 1899

Caballerotrema arapaimense Thatcher,

1980

Arapaima gigas; adult; intestine;

freshwater; Loreto (Mathews et al.,

2013a).

Caballerotrema brasiliense Prudhoe, 1960

Arapaima gigas; adult; intestine;

freshwater; Loreto (Serrano-Martínez et

al., 2015).

Family Gorgoderidae Looss, 1899

Anap o rrhutu m albid u m Brandes in

Ofenheim, 1900

Myliobatis peruvianus; adult; intestine,

visceral cavity; marine; Ancash, Lima

(Escalante et al., 1983; Tantaleán &

Rodriguez, 1987; Tantaleán & Huiza,

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338

Derogenes varicus (Müller, 1784) Looss,

1901

Merluccius gayi peruanus; adult;

intestine; marine; Lima (Chero et al.,

2014b).

Genarchella overstreeti (Brooks, Mayes &

Thorson, 1979) Lunaschi, 1989

Hoplias malabaricus, adult; intestine;

freshwater; Loreto, Madre de Dios

(Iannacone & Luque, 1993b).

Family Didymozoidae Monticelli, 1888

Didymozoidae gen. sp.

Cilus gilberti; larvae; intestinr; marine;

Lima (Chero et al., 2014c).

Didimozoidea gen. sp.

Scomber japonicus; adult; mesentery;

marine; La Libertad (Cruces et al., 2014).

Brasicystis bennetti Thatcher, 1979

Plagioscion squamosissimus; adult;

intestine; freshwater; Loreto (Iannacone

& Luque, 1993b).

Didymocystis sp.

Scomber japonicus; adult; unspecified

site of infection; marine; Lima (Oliva et

al., 2008).

Didymoproblema sp.

Katsuwonus pelamis; adult; gills; marine;

North Zone (Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994).

Didymozoon sp.

Brama japonica; Scomberomorus sierra;

adult; intestine, operculum; marine; Lima,

Northern coastal zone (Tantaleán &

Huiza, 1994; Iannacone & Alvariño,

2013).

Koellikeria filicollis (Rudolphi, 1819)

Brama japonica; adult; general cavidad;

marine; Lima (Iannacone & Alvariño,

2013).

Koellikeria sp.

Scomber japonicus; adult; mesentery;

marine; La Libertad (Cruces et al., 2014).

Koellikerioides sp.

Sarda chiliensis; adult; intestine; marine;

Arequipa (Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994).

Maccallumtrema sp.

Scomber japonicus; adult; mesentery;

Metamegasolena sp.

Scartichthys gigas; adult; intestine;

marine; Lima (Tarmeño et al., 2015).

Saccocoelium sp.

Mugil cephalus; adult; intestine;

freshwater; La Libertad (Tantaleán et al.,

1985a).

Saccocoeloides sp.

Mugil cephalus; adult; intestine;

freshwater; La Libertad (Tantaleán et al.,

1985a).

Family Haplosplanchnidae Poche, 1926

Hymenocotta manteri Overstreet, 1969

Mugil cephalus; adult; intestine; marine;

Ancash, Lima (González & Sarmiento,

1986; Luque et al., 1991; Tantaleán &

Huiza, 1994).

Family Accacoeliidae Odhner, 1911

Accacladocoelium alveolatum Robinson,

1934

Mola mola; adult; intestine; marine; Lima

(Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994).

Accacoelium sp.

Brama japonica; adult; operculum;

marine; Lima (Iannacone & Alvariño,

2013).

Family Bathycotylidae Dollfus, 1932

Bathycotyle branchialis Darr, 1902

Coryphaena hippurus; adult; intestine;

marine; Lima (López & Tantaleán, 1985;

Luque et al., 1991; Tantaleán & Huiza,

1994).

Family Derogenidae Nicoll, 1910

Gonocercella pacifica Manter, 1940

Trachinotus paitensis; adult; intestine;

marine; Lima (Luque & Oliva, 1993b).

Gonocercella sp.

Anisotremus scapularis; adult; intestine;

marine; Zona Sur (Moquegua-Tacna)

(Ruelas & Córdova, 1995).

Gonocerca sp.

Trachinotus paitensis; adult; intestine;

marine, La Libertad (Jara, 1998).

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Gymnothorax porphyreus; adult;

intestine; marine; Lima (Luque & Oliva,

1993b).

Lecithochirium genypteri Manter, 1954

Merluccius gayi peruanus; adult;

intestine; marine; Lima (Chero et al.,

2014b).

Lecithochirium macrorchis (Crowcroft,

1946)

Labrisomus philippii; adult; gonads;

intestine; stomach; marine; Lima (Cruces

et al., 2015).

Lecithochirium muraenae Manter, 1940

Gymnothorax porphyreus; adult;

stomach; marine; Lima (Tantaleán &

Huiza, 1994).

Lecithochirium sp.

Centropomus nigrescens, Labrisomus

philippii; adult; digestive tract, intestine,

stomach; marine; Arequipa, Ancash,

Lima, Moquegua, Tacna (Rivera &

Sarmiento, 1990a; Luque et al., 1991;

Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994).

Lecithocladium cristatum (Rudolphi, 1819)

Looss, 1907

Peprilus snyderi; Seriolella violácea,

Stromateus stellatus; adult; intestine;

marine; Lima (Luque & Oliva, 1993b;

Iannacone et al., 2010; Ñacari & Sánchez,

2014).

Lecithocladium sp.

Centropomus nigrescens, Peprilus

medius, Seriolella violácea, Trachinotus

paitensis; adult; intestine; marine;

Arequipa, Ancash, La Libertad, Lima,

Moquegua, Tacna (Tantaleán & Huiza,

1994; Jara, 1998; Iannacone & Alvariño,

2008).

Myosaccium sp.

Alphestes afer; adult; intestine; marine; La

Libertad (Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994).

Parahemiurus sp.

Centropomus nigrescens, Trachinotus

rhodopus; adult; intestine, stomach;

marine; Ancash, La Libertad (Tantaleán &

Huiza, 1994).

marine; La Libertad (Cruces et al., 2014).

Metanematobothrium sp.

Sarda chiliensis; adult; gills; marine;

Arequipa (Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994).

Nematobothrium scombri (Taschenberg,

1879)

Scomber japonicus; adult; gills, ovary,

internal face of operculum; marine; La

Libertad, Lima (Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994;

Cruces et al., 2014).

Nematobothriinae gen. sp.

Scomber japonicus; adult; gonads;

marine; Lambayeque (Tantaleán & Huiza,

1994).

Ovarionematobothrium saba Kamegai &

Shimazu, 1982

Scomber japonicus; adult; gonads;

marine; La Libertad, Lima (Oliva et al.,

2008; Cruces et al., 2014).

Unitubulotestis pelamydis (Taschenburg,

1879)

Sarda chiliensis; adult; gills; marine;

Lima (Chero et al., 2015b)

Unitubulotestis sp.

Sarda chiliensis, Scomber japonicus;

adult; internal face of operculum; marine;

Northern coastal zone (Tantaleán &

Huiza, 1994).

Family Hemiuridae Looss, 1899

Dinurus longisinus Looss, 1907

Coryphaena hippurus; adult; stomach;

marine; Lima, Northen Coastal zone

(López & Tantaleán, 1985; Tantaleán &

Huiza, 1994; Vásquez-Ruiz et al., 2012).

Dinurus sp.

Coryphaena hippurus, Trachinotus

paitensis; adult; digestive tract, stomach;

mar i n e; Are q u ipa, L a Libe r t ad,

Moquegua, Tacna (Tantaleán & Huiza,

1994; Jara, 1998).

Ectenurus sp.

Alphestes afer, Trachinotus rhodopus;

adult; intestine, stomach; marine; La

Libertad (Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994).

Lecithochirium callaoensis Luque & Oliva,

1993

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340

marine; Lima (Luque & Oliva, 1993b).

Diphtherostomum sp.

Anisotremus scapularis; adult; intestine;

marine; Lambayeque, Lima, Piura

(Tantaleán et al., 1992; Tantaleán &

Huiza, 1994).

Zoogonus dextrocirrus Aldrich, 1961

Labrisomus philippii, Scartichthys gigas;

adult; stomach; marine; Lima (Cruces et

al., 2015; Tarmeño et al., 2015).

Zoogonus pagrosomi Yamaguti, 1939

Merluccius gayi peruanus; adult;

intestine; marine; Lima (Rivera, 1992;

Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994).

Zoogonus rubellus (Olsson, 1868) Odhner,

1902

Labrisomus philippii, Merluccius gayi

peruanus, Scartichthys gigas; adult;

intestine; marine; Lima (Durán & Oliva,

1980; Luque & Oliva, 1993b; Oliva &

Luque, 2002; Oliva & Ballón, 2002;

Iannacone & Alvariño, 2003; Iannacone et

al., 2011b; Iannacone et al., 2012b).

Zoogonus sp.

Merluccius gayi peruanus, Scartichthys

gigas; adult; intestine; marine; La

Libertad, Lima (Durán & Oliva, 1980;

Escalante et al., 1984a; Tantaleán &

Huiza, 1994).

Family Monorchiidae Odhner, 1911

Lasiotocus glebulentus Overstreet, 1971

Mugil cephalus; adult; intestine; marine;

Ancash, Lima (Luque et al., 1991; Luque

& Oliva, 1993b; Tantaleán & Huiza,

1994).

Lasiotocus longicaecum (Manter, 1940)

Yamaguti, 1954

Anisotremus scapularis; adult; intestine;

marine; Lima (Luque & Oliva, 1993b;

Paschoal et al., 2015).

Lasiotocus sp.

Anisotremus scapularis; adult; intestine;

marine; Lima (Chero et al., 2014d).

Monorchis latus Manter, 1942

Anisotremus scapularis; adult; intestine;

marine; Lima (Luque & Oliva, 1993b;

Family Lecithasteridae Odhner, 1905

Aponurus sp.

Alphestes afer; adult; intestine; marine; La

Libertad (Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994).

Lecithasteridae gen. sp.

Sicyases sanguineus; adult; intestine;

marine; Lima (Iannacone & Alvariño,

2011).

Family Syncoeliidae Looss, 1899

Copiatestes filiferus (Leuckart, 1885)

Hemilutjanus macrophthalmos; adult;

intestine; marine; Lima (Tantaleán &

Lefevre, 2004).

Family Apocreadiidae Skrjabin, 1942

Myzotus sp.

Caulolatilus affinis, Coryphaena

hippurus; adult; intestine; marine;

Northern coastal zone (Escalante et al.,

1984a; Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994;

Vásquez-Ruiz et al., 2012).

Family Lepocreadiidae Odhner, 1905

Lepocreadium trachinoti Wang, 1987

Scartichthys gigas; adult; intestine;

marine; Lima (Tarmeño et al., 2015).

Lepidapedon sp.

Peprilus snyderi; adult; intestine; marine;

Lima (Ñacari & Sánchez, 2014).

Opechona bacillaris (Molin, 1859) Dolfus,

1927

Peprilus medius; adult; unspecified site of

infection; marine; Lima (Iannacone &

Alvariño, 2008).

Opechona pharyngodactyla Manter, 1940

Peprilus snyderi; adult; intestine; marine;

Lima (Ñacari & Sánchez, 2014).

Prodistomum orientalis (Layman, 1930)

Bray & Gibson, 1990

Scomber japonicus; adult; caecum;

marine; La Libertad (Cruces et al., 2014).

Family Zoogonidae Odhner, 1902

Diphtherostomum brusinae (Stossich, 1888)

Stossich, 1903

Isacia conceptionis; adult; intestine;

Neotropical Helminthology. Vol. 10, Nº2, jul-dic 2016 Luque et al.

341

Genypterus sp.; adult; gill arteries;

marine; Lima (Tantaleán & Martinez,

1990; Tantaleán & Huiza, 1994).

Aporocotyle wilhelmi Villalba & Fernández,

1986

Merluccius gayi peruanus; adult; gills;

marine; Lima (Martínez et al., 2013;

Chero et al., 2014b).

Aporocotyle sp.

Merluccius gayi peruanus; adult; gill

arteries, heart; marine; Lima (Durán &

Oliva, 1980; Luque et al., 1991; Tantaleán

& Huiza, 1994).

Cladocaecum tomasscholzi Orélis-Ribeiro &

Bullard, 2016

Ageneiosus inermis; adult; heart;

freshwater; Loreto (Orélis-Ribeiro &

Bullard, 2016).

Kritskya platyrhynchi (Guidelli, Isaac &

Pavanelli, 2002) Orélis-Ribeiro &

Bullard, 2016

Hemisorubim platyrhynchos; adult; body

cavity; freshwater; Loreto (Orélis-Ribeiro

& Bullard, 2016).

Plehniella sabajperezi Orélis-Ribeiro &

Bullard, 2015

Pimelodus blochii; adult; body cavity;

freshwater; Loreto (Orélis-Ribeiro &

Bullard, 2015).

Family Cyathocotylidae Mühling, 1898

Mesostephanus sp.

Mugil cephalus; larvae; muscles;

freshwater; La Libertad (Armas, 1979).

Family Diplostomidae Poirier, 1886

Diplostomulum sp.

Odontesthes bonariensis, Orestias albus,

O. luteus, Orestias sp.; larvae; brain;

freshwater; Puno (Tantaleán et al., 1974,

1975; Hurtado et al., 1977).

Neascus sp.

Bryconamericus peruanus; larvae; fins,

skin; freshwater; Lambayeque (Tantaleán

et al., 1985a).

Family Clinostomidae Lühe, 1901

Paschoal et al., 2015).

Family Heterophyidae Leiper, 1909

Ascocotyle longa Ransom, 1920

Mugil cephalus; larvae; mesentery;

freshwater; La Libertad, Lima (Armas,

1979; Jara & Escalante, 1982; Mateo et

al., 1985; Luque et al., 1991).

Centrocestus sp.

Aequidens rivulatus, Xiphophorus

hellerii; larvae; gills; freshwater; La

Libertad (Pais, 1996; Jara, 1997; Jara et

al., 1998).

Heterophyes sp.

Mugil cephalus; larvae; muscles;

freshwater; La Libertad (Armas, 1979).

Pygidiopsis sp.

Aequidens rivulatus, Bryconamericus

peruanus, Trichomycterus dispar; larvae;

liver, mesentery; freshwater; La Libertad

(Jara & Esacante, 1986; Jara et al., 1990;

Jara, 1997).

Family Cladorchiidae Fischoeder, 1901

Dadaytrema sp.

Piaractus brachypomus; adult; intestine;

freshwater; Loreto (Tantaleán et al.,

1985a).

Pseudocladorchis ferrumequinum (Diesing,

1836)

Doradidae gen. sp.; adult; intestine;

freshwater; Ucayali (Tantaleán et al.,

1974).

Order Diplostomida Olson, Cribb, Tkach,

Bray & Littlewood, 2003

Family Callodistomidae Odhner, 1910

Prosthenhystera obesa (Diesing, 1850)

Travassos, 1922

Hoplias malabaricus; adult; Gall bladder;

freshwater; Loreto (Olson et al., 2003 ;

Tkach & Curran, 2015).

Family Aporocotylidae Odhner, 1912

Aporocotyle garciai Tantaleán & Martínez,

1990

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342

antofagastensis, Gonocercella sp.,

Gorgorhynchus sp., Intracotyle neghmei,

Lacistorhynchus tenuis, Lasiotocus

l o n g i c a e c u m , L a s i o t o c u s s p . ,

Ler n a nthropus a ntof a g aste n s is,

L o b a t o s t o m a a n i s o t r e m u m ,

Metapeniculus anofagastensis, Mexicana

sp., Monorchis latus, Neobivagina chita,

Parabrachiella anisotremi, Philometra

sp., Proctoeces sp., Proctoeces lintoni,

Profilicollis altmani, Proleptus carvajali.

Aplodactylus punctatus Valenciennes, 1832

(Aplodactylidae): Encotyllabe sp.

A r a p a i m a g i g a s ( S c h i n z , 1 8 2 2 )

(Arapaimatidae): Caballerotrema

arapaimense, C. brasiliense, Dawestrema

cycloancistrioides, D. cycloancistrum,

Goezia spinulosa, Nesolecithus janicki,

Nilonema senticosum, Schizochoerus

liguloideus, Tetraonchus monenteron. .

Ariopsis seemanni (Günther, 1864) (Ariidae):

Adenocephalus pacificus.

Aspistogramma sp. (Cichlidae): Dactylogyrus

sp.

Astronotus ocellatus (Agassiz, 1831)

(Cichlidae): Contracaecum sp., Gussevia

asota, Proteocephalus gibsoni.

Auxis thazard thazard (Lacepède, 1800)

(Scombridae): Anilocra huacho.

Brachyplatysto ma cf. fila mentosum

(Lichtenstein, 1819) (Pimelodidae):

Amphoteromorphus ovalis, Endorchis

piraeeba, Nomimoscolex suspectus.

Brachyplatystoma juruense (Boulenger, 1898)

(Pimelodidae): Alinema amazonicum,

Demidospermus mortenthaleri.

Brachyplatystoma rousseauxii (Castelnau,

1855) (Pimelodidae): Amphoteromorphus

peniculus, A. piriformis.

Brachyplatystoma vaillantii (Valenciennes,

1840) (Pimelodidae): Chambriella sp.,

Demidospermus sp., Harriscolex

piramutab.

Brama japonica Hilgendorf, 1878 (Bramidae):

Accacoelium sp., Corynosoma sp.,

Contracaecum sp., Didymozoon sp.,

Hatschekia conífera, Hepatoxylon

Clinostomum marginatum (Rudolphi, 1819)

Braun, 1899

Tr i c h o m y c t e r us p i u r a e; l a r v ae ;

mesentery; freshwater; Ica, La Libertad

(Tantaleán et al., 1974).

Clinostomum sp.

Aequidens rivulatus; larvae; operculum;

freshwater; La Libertad (Jara, 1997; Jara

et al., 1998).

HOST-PARASITE LIST

Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes)

Ablennes hians (Valenciennes, 1846)

(Belonidae): Bomolochus constrictus,

Caligodes laciniatus, Lernanthropus

tylosuri.

Acanthistius pictus (Tschudi, 1846)

(Serranidae): Helicometrina sp.

Aequidens rivulatus (Günther, 1860)

( C i c h l i d a e ) : U r o c l e i d u s s p . ,

Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus) sp.,

Centrocestus sp., Clinostomum sp.,

Contracaecum sp., Pygidiopsis sp.,

Sphaerostoma sp.

Aequidens sp. (Cichlidae): Pandosentis

iracundus.

Ageneiosus inermis (Linnaeus, 1766)

(Auchenipteridae): Ageneiella sp.,

Cladocaecum tomasscholzi, Gibsoniela

mandube.

Ageneiosus sp. (Auchenipteridae): Gibsoniela

mandube.

Ageneiosus vittatus Steindachner, 1908

(Auchenipteridae): Dactylogyridae gen.

sp.

Aguarunichthys torosus Stewart, 1986

( P i m e l o d i d a e ) : U n i b a r r a

paranoplatensis.

Alphestes afer (Bloch, 1793) (Serranidae):

Aponurus sp., Ectenurus sp., Myosaccium

sp., Prosorhynchus sp.

Anisotremus scapularis (Tschudi, 1846)

(Haemulidae): Adenocephalus pacificus,

Choricotyle anisotremi, Ch. scapularis,

Clavella applicata, Colobomatus

q u a d r i f a r i u s , C y m o t h o a s p . ,

Diphtherostomum sp., Encotyllabe

Neotropical Helminthology. Vol. 10, Nº2, jul-dic 2016 Luque et al.

343

Microcotyle nemadactylus.

Cheilotrema fasciatum Tschudi, 1846

(Sciaenidae): Caligus callaoensis,

Camallanus sp., Cynoscionicola

americanus, Diplectanidae gen. sp. 1,

Diplectanidae gen. sp. 2, Hargicotyle

magna, Helicometra fasciata, Kudoa

sciaenae, Lacistorhynchus dollfusi,

Lacistorhynchus tenuis, Parabrachiella

fasciata.

Cherublemma emmelas (Gilbert, 1890)

( O p h i d i i d a e ) : C h o n d r a c a n t h u s

lepophidii.

Chloroscombrus orqueta Jordan & Gilbert,

1883 (Carangidae): Zeuxapta seriolae

Cichla monoculus Agassiz, 1831 (Cichlidae):

Gussevia longihaptor, G. undulata,

Proteocephalus macrophallus, P.

m i c ro s c o p i c u s , Sci a d o c eph a l u s

megalodiscus, Tucunarella cichlae.

Cichlasoma amazonarum Kullander, 1983

(Cichlidae): Dolops geayi, Gussevia

disparoides, Proteocephalidea gen. sp.,

Sciadicleithrum variabilum.

Cichlasoma sp. (Cichlidae): Dactylogyrus sp.

Cilus gilberti (Abbott, 1899) (Sciaenidae):

Adenocephalus pacificus, Anisakis sp.,

Callitetrarhynchus gracilis, Choricotyle

s p . , C o r y n o s o m a o b t u s c e n s ,

Cynoscionicola americanus, Dichelyne

(C u c u l l a n e l l u s ) e l o n g a t u s ,

Didymozoidae gen sp., Hargicotyle

louisianensis, Helicometra fasciata,

Lernanthropus pacificus, Parabrachiella

sp., Philometridae gen sp., Piscicolidae

g e n . s p . , P l a g i o p o r u s s p . ,

Poecilancistrum caryophyllum, Proleptus

c a r v a j a l i , R a p h i d a s c a r i s s p . ,

Rhipidocotyle sp., Villarrealina peruana.

Colossoma macropomum (Cuvier, 1816)

(Characidae): Anacanthorus spathulatus,

Dactylogyridae gen. sp., Gyrodactylidae

g e n . s p . , L e r n a e a g a m i t a n a e ,

M y x o b o l i d a e g e n . s p . ,

Neoechinorhynchus sp.

Coryphaena hippurus Linnaeus, 1758

(Coryphaenidae): Adenocephalus

trichiuri, Koellikeria filicollis, Nybelinia

sp.

Brycon a t ro c audatus (Kn e r, 1863)

( C h a r a c i d a e ) : B u n o d e r i n a s p . ,

Contracaecum sp.,

Paracamallanus sp.

B r y c o n c e p h a l u s ( G ü n t h e r, 1 8 6 9 )

(Characidae): Amplexibranchius

bryconis, Capillaria sp., Jainus

amazonensis

Bryconamericus peruanus (Müller &

Tr o s c h e l , 1 8 4 5 ) ( C h a r a c i d a e ) :

Anacanthocotyle sp., Procamallanus

(Spirocamallanus) sp., Neascus sp.,

Pygidiopsis sp.

Bryconops caudomaculatus (Günther, 1864)

(Characidae): Auriculostoma foliaceum.

Calophysus macropterus (Lichtenstein, 1819)

(Pimelodidae): Alinema amazonicum,

Ameloblastella unapi, Demidospermus

macropteri, Monticellia amazonica,

Rudolphiella piracatinga.

Carassius auratus (Linnaeus, 1758)

(Cypr inidae): Dactylogyrus sp.,

Gyrodactylus sp., Thellohanellus sp.,

Zschokkella sp.

C a r a n x h i p p o s ( L i n n a e u s , 1 7 6 6 )

(Carangidae): Allopyragraphorus

caballeroi, Neomicrocotyle sp.

C a u l o l a t i l u s a f f i n i s G i l l , 1 8 6 5

(Malacanthidae): Myzotus sp.

Caulolatilus sp. (Malacanthidae): Choricotyle

caulolatili, Jaliscia caballeroi.

Centromochlus heckelii (De Filippi, 1853)

(Auchenipteridae): Demidospermus

centromochli.

Centropomus nigrescens Günther, 1864

(Centropomidae): Floriceps saccatus,

Lecithochirium sp., Lecithocladium sp.,

Para hemiuru s s p., Tentac ularia

coryphaenae.

Chaetobranchus semifasciatus Steindachner,

1875 (Cichlidae): Gussevia tucunarense.

Cheilodactylus variegatus Valenciennes, 1833

(Cheilodactylidae): Caligus cheilodactyli,

Clavellotis dilatata, Lacistorhynchus

tenuis, Macrophyllida antarctica,

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Lacistorhynchus tenuis, Proleptus sp.

Galeichthys sp. (Ariidae): Lepeophtheirus

marginatus.

Genypterus maculatus (Tschudi, 1846)

(Ophidiidae): Adenocephalus pacificus,

“Scolex pleuronectis”.

Genypterus sp. (Ophidiidae): Aporocotyle

g a r c i a i , N e o b e n e d e n i a s p .

Pseudohaliotrema sp.

Geophagus steindachneri Eigenmann &

H i l d e b r a n d , 1 9 2 2 ( C i c h l i d a e ) :

Cosmoxynemoides aguirrei, Ichthyouris

ro, Pandosentis iracundus.

Goeldiella eques (Müller & Troschel, 1849)

(Heptapteridae): Aphanoblastella

aurorae, Aphanoblastella sp., Nupelia sp.

Gymnothorax porphyreus (Guichenot, 1848)

(Muraenidae): Helicometra fasciata,

Lecithochirium callaoensis, L. muraenae.

Haemulon steindachneri (Jordan & Gilbert,

18 8 2 ) ( H a emuli d a e ) : M e xica n a

iannaconi.

Hassar orestis (Steindachner, 1875)

(Doradidae): Cosmetocleithrum sp.

Hassar sp. (Doradidae): Ameloblastella sp.

Hemanthias peruanus (Steindachner, 1875)

(Serranidae): Blias prionoti.

Hemilutjanus macrophthalmos (Tschudi,

1846) (Serranidae): Callitetrarhynchus

g r a c i l i s , C o p ia t e s t e s f i l i f e ru s ,

Glossobothrium sp. Gorgorhynchus sp.

Hemisorubim platyrhynchos (Valenciennes,

1840) (Pimelodidae): Chambriella

paranaensis, Kritsky platyrhynchi,

Mariauxiella piscatorum, Spatulifer

maringaensis, Vancleaveus platyrhynchi.

Heros severus Heckel, 1840 (Cichlidae):

Gussevia alioides, G. disparoides.

Hippoglossina bollmani Gilbert, 1890

(Paralichthyidae): Protochondria

longicauda.

Hoplias malabaricus (Bloch, 1794)

(Erythrinidae): Genarchella overstreeti,

Prosthenhystera obesa, Urocleidoides

eremitus.

Hypophthalmus edentatus Spix & Agassiz,

1829 (Pimelodidae): Ameloblastella sp.

pacificus, Anisakis sp., Anisakis physeteris,

Bathycotyle branchialis, Caligus

c o r y p h a e n a e , C a l i g u s s p . ,

Chondracanthus sp., Contracaecum sp.,

Corynosoma obtuscens, Dinurus sp.,

Dinurus longisinus, Hysterothylacium

sp., Hysterothylacium aduncum, H.

pelagicum, Myzotus sp., Nybelinia sp.,

Pterobothrium acanthotruncatum,

“Scolex pleuronectis”, Tentacularia

coryphaenae.

Crenicichla anthurus Cope, 1872 (Cichlidae):

Myxosporea fam. gen. sp.

Cubiceps caeruleus Regan, 1914 (Nomeidae):

Anilocra huacho.

Cynoscion analis (Jenyns, 1842) (Sciaenidae):

Adenocephalus pacificus, Anisakis sp.,

Ceratothoa gaudichaudii, Corynosoma

o b t u s c e n s , C o r y n o s o m a s p . ,

Cynoscionicola cynoscioni, Diplectanum

sp., Hargicotyle sp., Hargicotyle

paralonchuri, Lernanthropus Huamani,

Lernanthropus sp., L. paralonchuri,

Neoheterobothrium cynoscioni, Nybelinia

sp., Otobothrium sp., Procamallanus sp.,

Tegorhynchus sp.

Cyprinus carpio carpio Linnaeus, 1758

(Cyprinidae): Dactylogyrus vastator

Duopalatinus cf. peruanus Eigenmann &

A l l e n , 1 9 4 2 ( P i m e l o d i d a e ) :

Sharpilosentis peruviensis.

Doradidae gen. sp.: Pseudocladorchis

ferrumequinum.

Ethmidium maculatum (Valenciennes, 1847)

(Clupeidae): Contracaecum sp., “Scolex

pleuronectis”.

Exoc oetus voli ta ns Linnaeu s, 1758

(Exocoetidae): Axine ibanezi.

Farlowella amazonum (Günther, 1864)

(L o r i c a r i idae): O ö g y ro d a c t y lu s

farlowellae.

Galeichthys peruvianus Lütken, 1874

(Ariidae): Adenocephalus pacificus,

A n i s a k i s s p . , A s c a r o p h i s s p . ,

Callitetrarhynchus gracilis, Corynosoma

obtuscens, Hamaticolax galeichthyos,

H a m a t o p e d u n c u l a r i a s p . ,

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( J e n y n s , 1 8 4 0 ) ( S c i a e n i d a e ) :

Acanthocolax peruensis, Adenocephalus

pacificus. Ascarophis sp., Ceratomyxa

sp., Ceratothoa sp., Clavellotis dilatata,

Cynoscionicola americanus, Hargicotyle

menticirrhi, Helicometra fasciata,

Lernanthropus huamani, Lobatostoma

veranoi, Parabrachiella menticirrhi,

Proleptus sp., Rhamnocercoides

menticirrhi.

Merluccius gayi peruanus Ginsburg, 1954

(Merluccidae): Adenocephalus pacificus,

Ani s akis s p., A n isak i s sim p lex,

Anthocotyle americana, A. merluccii,

Aporocotyle sp., Aporocotyle wilhelmi,

Argulus peruvianus, Bolbosoma sp.,

Brachiella sp., Caligus debueni, C. teres,

Ceratomyxa limensis, Corynosoma

obtuscens , Callitetrarhynchus gracilis,

Chondracanthus sp., Clestobothrium

c r a s s i c e p s , C o n t r ac a e c u m s p . ,

Diphyllobothridae gen. sp., Derogenes

varicus, Grillotia dollfusi, Kudoa

peruviana, Lacistorhynchus tenuis,

L e c i t h o c h i r i u m g e n y p t e r i ,

Lepeophtheirus sp., Myxosporea gen. sp.,

Nybelinia sp., Parabrachiella insidiosa,

Prosorhynchus sp., Tentacularia

coryphaenae, Zoogonus sp., Zoogonus

pagrosomi, Z. rubellus.

M i c r o p o g o n i a s s p . ( S c i a e n i d a e ) :

Pterinotrematoides mexicanum.

Mola mola (Linnaeus, 1758) (Molidae):

A c c a c l a d o c o e l i u m a l v e o l a t u m ,

Ancistrocephalus microcephalus,

Fistulicola plicatus.

Mugil cephalus Linnaeus, 1758 (Mugilidae):

Ascocotyle longa,

Bomolochus nitidus, Contracaecum sp.,

Con t raca e cum m u ltip a pill a tum,

Dicrogaster sp., Ergasilus sp., Haliotrema

mugilinus, Heterophyes sp., Hymenocotta

manteri, Lacistorhynchus tenuis,

Lasiotocus glebulentus, Lernanthropus

p a c i f i c u s , M e s o s t e p h a n u s s p . ,

M e t am i c roc o t yl a m a cr a c an t h a,

Myxobolus exiguus, Naobranchia lizae,

Dactylogyridae gen. sp.

Isacia conc ep ti onis (Cuvier, 1830)

(Haemulidae): Benedenia sp., Caligus

sp., Choricotyle isaciencis, Ch.

s o n o re n s i s , C l a v e l l a s i m p l e x ,

C o r y n o s o m a o b t u s c e n s ,

Diphtherostomum brusinae, Nybelinia

sp., Parabrachiella kabatai, Proctoeces

sp., Proctoeces lintoni, Proleptus

carvajali, Pseudoeurysorchis travassosi.

Katsuwonus pelamis (Linnaeus, 1758)

(Scombridae): Caligus coryphaenae,

Caligus productus, Didymoproblema sp.,

Prosorhynchus sp., “Scolex pleuronectis”,

Tentacularia coryphaenae.

Labrisomus philippii (Steindachner, 1866)

(Labrisomidae): Acanthochondria

sicyasis, Bucephalus sp., Corynosoma

australe , C. obtuscens , Helicometra

fasciata, Lacistorhynchus tenuis,

L e c i t h o c h i r i u m m a c r o r c h i s ,

Lecithochirium sp., Lernaea sp.,

Myxosporea gen. sp., Piscicolidae gen.

sp., Profilicollis altmani, Proleptus

c a r v a j a l i , P r o l e p t u s s p . ,

P r o s o r h y n c h o i d e s c a r v a j a l i ,

Prosorhynchoides sp., P. rioplatensis,

Prosorhynchus sp., Tegorhynchus sp.,

Zoogonus dextrocirrus, Z. rubellus.

Lebiasina bimaculata Valenciennes, 1847

(Lebiasinidae): Accessorius peruensis,

Gyrodactylus bimaculatus, G. lebiasinus,

Gyrodactylus slendrus, Gyrodactylus sp.,

Oncocleidus sp., Procamallanus

(Spirocamallanus) sp.

Lepophidium sp. (Ophidiidae): Helicometra

fasciata

Ma ka ira nigr icans Lace pède, 18 02

(Istiophoridae): Gloiopotes watsoni.

Makaira sp. (Istiophoridae): Gloiopotes

huttoni

Megalodoras uranoscopus (Eigenmann &

Ei gen man n, 188 8) (Dorad ida e):

Proteocephalus kuyukuyu

Megalonema platycephalumE igenm ann ,

1912 (Pimelodidae): Monticellia

santafesina.Menticirrhus ophicephalus

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Diplostomulum sp., Ligula intestinalis,

Polymorphus spindlatus.

Orthopristis chalceus (Günther, 1864)

(Haemulidae): Calceostoma sp.,

Notoporus sp.

Osteoglossum bicirrhosum (Cuvier, 1829)

( O s t e o g l o s s i d a e ) : C a m a l l a n u s

(Camallanus) acaudatus, Gonocleithrum

cursitans.

Oxydoras niger (Valenciennes, 1821)

(Doradidae): Cosmetocleithrum confusus,

C. gussevi, C. sobrinus, Cucullanus

(C u c u l l a n u s ) g r a n d i s t o m i s ,

Paracavisoma impudica, Proteocephalus

h o b e rg i , R a p h i d a c a ro i d e s s p . ,

Sharpilosentis peruviensis.

Paralabrax humeralis (Valenciennes, 1828)

(Serranidae): Adenocephalus pacificus,

Caligus quadratus, Callitetrarhynchus

gracilis, Corynosoma obtuscens,

C o r y n o s o m a s p . , D i c h e l y n e

(Cucullanellus) sp., Grillotia sp.,

Hamaticolax paralabracis, Hatschekia

amphiprocessa, Helicometra fasciata,

H e l i c o m e t r i n a s p . , H e m i t a g i a

g a l a p a g e n s i s , P h i l o m e t r a s p . ,

Trypanorhyncha gen. sp.

Paralichthys adspersus (Steindachner, 1867)

(Paralichthyidae): Adenocephalus

pacificus, Anisakis sp., Bomolochus sp.,

Cainocreadium sp., Contracaecum sp.,

Corynosoma obtuscens, Corynosoma sp.,

Hysterothylacium sp., Lacistorhynchus

tenuis, Lepeophtheirus edwardsi,

P a r a b r a c h i e l l a p a r a l i c h t h y o s ,

Philometra sp., Prosorhynchoides sp.

Paralichthys woolmani Jordan & Williams,

1897 (Paralichthyidae): Anisoporus sp.

Paralonchurus peruanus (Steindachner, 1875)

(Sciaenidae): Acanthocolax peruensis,

Adenocephalus pacificus, Anisakis sp.,

Caligus callaoensis, Callitetrarhynchus

gracilis, Ceratothoa sp., Clavellopsis

sp., Corynosoma australe, C. obtuscens,

Corynosoma sp. , Cynoscionicola sp.,

Cynoscionicola americanus, Dichelyne

(C u c u l l a n e l l u s ) a m a r u i n c a i ,

Neobenedenia sp., Parabrachiella exilis,

Saccocoelium sp., Saccocoeloides sp.

M u g i l c u re m a Val e n c i e n n e s , 1 8 3 6

(Mugilidae): Contracaecum sp.

Myleus schomburgkii (Jardine, 1841)

(Serrasalmidae): Anacanthorus sp.,

Notozothecium bethae, Notozothecium sp.

Nezumia stelgidolepis (Gilbert, 1890)

(Macrouridae): Lophoura unilobulata.

Odontesthes bonariensis Valenciennes

(Atherinopsidae): Diplostomulum sp.,

Hed ruri s ba s ili c hte n sis , Lig ula

intestinalis, Perunema escomeli.

Odontesthes regia (Humboldt, 1821)

( A t h e r i n o p s i d a e ) : C o r y n o s o m a

obtuscens, Corynosoma sp., Kudoa

sarmientae, Kudoa sp., Lacistorhynchus

tenuis, Prosorhynchoides sp., “Scolex

pleuronectis”.

Ophidiidae gen. sp.: Neobenedenia sp.

Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758)

(C i chl i dae ): Co ntr a cae c um s p.,

Polymorphus spindlatus.

Oreochromis spp. (Cichlidae): Gyrodactylus

sp.

Orestias agassizii Valenciennes, 1846

(Cyprinodontidae): Polymorphus

spindlatus.

Ore s tias al b us Va lenc i enne s , 1 8 46

(Cyprinodontidae): Contracaecum sp.,

D i p l o s t o m u l u m s p . , H e d r u r i s

basilichtensis, Ligula intestinalis,

Proteocephalus sp.

Orestias luteus Valenciennes, 1846

(Cyprinodontidae): Contracaecum sp.,

Dip l o s t o m u l um s p ., F a l caustra

pumacahuai, F. tiahuanaquensis,

Hedruris basilichtensis, H. orestiae,

Ligula intestinalis, Polymorphus

spindlatus, Proteocephalus sp.

Orestias mulleri Valenciennes, 1846

(Cyprinodontidae): Hedruris orestiae,

Polymorphus spindlatus.

O re s t i a s o l i v a c e u s G a r m a n , 1 8 9 5

(Cyprinodontidae): Polymorphus

spindlatus

O r e s t i a s s p . ( C y p r i n o d o n t i d a e ) :

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Pimelodus altissimus Eigenmann & Pearson,

1942 (Pimelodidae): Endorchis sp.

Pimelodus blochii Valenciennes, 1840

(Pimelodidae): Demidospermus lebedev,

D. peruvianus, D. striatus, Plehniella

sabajperezi, Proteocephalus sp.

Pimelodus ornatus Kner, 1858 (Pimelodidae):

D e m i d o s p e r m u s p e r u v i a n u s ,

Nomimoscolex sp. 

Pimelodus maculatus Lacepède, 1803

( P i m e l o d i d a e ) : P ro c a m a l l a n u s

(Spirocamallanus) rarus.

Pimelodus sp. (Pimelodidae): Demidospermus

brevicirrus, D. curvovaginatus, D.

lebedev, D. peruvianus, D. striatus.

Pinirampus pirinampu (Spix & Agassiz, 1829)

(Pimelodidae): Monticellia ventrei,

N o m i m o s c o l e x a d m o n t i c e l l i a ,

Rudolphiella sp.

Plagioscion squamosissimus (Heckel, 1840)

(Sciaenidae): Brasicystis bennetti,

Diplectanum decorum, D. pescadae, D.

piscinarius, Euryhaliotrema chaoi,

E u r y h a l i o t r e m a l o v e j o y i , E .

m o n a c a n t h u s , E . p o t a m o c e t e s ,

Euryhaliotrema succedanus, E. thatcheri,

Rhadinorhynchus plagioscionis.

Platynematichthys notatus (Jardine, 1841)

(Pimelodidae): Brayela karuatayi,

Dactylogyridae gen. sp.

Platysilurus mucosus (Vaillant, 1880)

(Pimelodidae): Dactylogyridae gen. sp.

Poecilia reticulata Peters, 1859 (Poeciliidae):

Capillaria sp., Gyrodactylus turnbulli.

Polydactylus approximans (Lay &

B e n n ett , 1 8 3 9) ( P o l yne m i d ae) :

M i c r o c o t y l o i d e s i m p u d i c u s ,

Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus) sp.

Prionotus stephanophrys Lockington, 1881

(Triglidae): Corynosoma sp., Kudoa

estela.

Prionotus punctatus (Bloch, 1793) (Triglidae):

Blias prionoti.

Prochilodus nigricans Spix & Agassiz, 1829

(Prochilodontidae): Lecithobotrioides

elongatus, Neoechinorhynchus sp.,

Rhinonastes pseudocapsaloideum.

Diplectanum sp., Diplectanidae gen. sp.,

Encotyllabe callaoensis, Euryhaliotrema

paralonchuri, Hargicotyle chimbotensis,

H. p aral onc huri , H. p e rue nsis ,

Helicometra fasciata, Henneguya sp.,

Kudoa sciaenae, Lacistorhynchus tenuis,

Lernanthropus paralonchuri, Nybelinia

sp. , Parabrachiella chevreuxii,

Piscicolidae gen. sp., Pterobothrium

acanthotruncatum, Pterobothrium sp.,

Tegorhynchus sp.

Paranthias colonus (Valenciennes, 1846)

(Serranidae): Pseudorhabdosynochus

jeanloui.

Parapsettus panamensis (Steindachner, 1876)

(Ephippidae): Parancylodiscoides

chaetodipteri.

P e p r i l u s m e d i u s ( P e t e r s , 1 8 6 9 )

(Stromateidae): Bomolochus sp., Caligus

s p . , C e r a t o t h o a g a u d i c h a u d i i ,

Lecithocladium sp., Lobatostoma sp.,

Oaxacotyle oaxacensis, Opechona

bacillaris.

Peprilus snyderi Gilbert & Starks, 1904

( S t r o m a t e i d a e ) : A n i s a k i s s p . ,

Hysterothylacium sp., Lecithocladium

cristatum, Lepidapedon sp. Oaxacotyle

oaxacensis, Opechona pharyngodactyla,

Rusguniella sp.

Perrunichthys perruno Schultz, 1944

(Pimelodidae): Alinema amazonicum.

Phractocephalus hemioliopterus (Bloch &

Schneider, 1801) (Pimelodidae):

Chambriella sp., Monticelliinae gen. sp.,

P ro t e o c e p h a l u s h e m i o l i o p t e r i ,

Proteocephalus sp., Scholzia emarginata,

Zygobothrium megacephalum.

Piaractus brachypomus (Cuvier, 1818)

( C h ar a c id a e ): D a da y t rem a s p . ,

Mymarothecium viatorum; Myxobolus sp.

Pimelodella yuncensis Steindachner, 1902

(Heptapteridae): Cleidodiscus sp.,

Demidospermus curvovaginatus, D.

peruvianus, Gyrodactylus pimelodellus,

Scleroductus yuncensi.

Pimelodidae gen. sp.: Demidospermus

curvovaginatus, D. peruvianus.

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Koellikerioides sp., Metanematobothrium

sp., Nybelinia sp., Rhipidocotyle

a d b a c u l u m , R h i p i d o c ot y l e s p . ,

Rhodobothrium mesodesmatum, “Scolex

pleu ronect i s ” , Sphy r i o cephal u s

tergestinus, Unitubulotestis sp.,

Unitubulotestis pelamydis.

Sardinops sagax (Jenyns, 1842) (Clupeidae):

Anisakis sp., Choricotyle sonorensis,

Contracaecum sp., Scolex pleuronectis. 

Satanoperca jurupari (Heckel, 1840)

( C i c h l i d a e ) : S c i a d i c l e i t h r u m

satanopercae.

Scartichthys gigas (Steindachner, 1876)

(Blennidae): Acanthochondria sicyasis,

Ceratothoa gaudichaudii, Corynosoma

obtuscens, Johnstonmawsonia sp.,

Lacistorhynchus tenuis, Lepocreadium

trachinoti, Metamegasolena sp.,

Proleptus sp., Prosorhynchus sp.,

P s e u d o d e l p h i s s p . , Z o o g o n u s

dextrocirrus, Z. rubellus, Zoogonus sp.

Schedophilus haedrichi Chirichigno F., 1973

(Centrolophidae): Teleurysorchis 

gumercindae

Sciaena deliciosa ( Ts c h u d i , 1 8 4 6 )

(Sciaenidae): Acanthocolax peruensis,

Adenocephalus pacificus, Anisakis sp.,

Caligus callaoensis, Callitetrarhynchus

gracilis, Clavellotis sp., Corynosoma

austral, C. obtuscens, Cynoscionicola

sciaenae, Dasyrhynchus pacificus,

Dichelyne (Cucullanellus) amaruincai,

Encotyllabe callaoensis, Hargicotyle

louisianensis, H. peruensis, H. sciaenae,

Hargicotyle sp., Helicometra fasciata,

Kudoa sciaenae, Lacistorhynchus tenuis,

Lernanthropus huamani, L. pacificus,

Lernanthropus sp., Macrovalvitrema sp.,

Nybelinia sp., Parabrachiella oralis,

Piscicolidae gen. sp., Tegorhynchus sp.,

Proleptus sp., Villarrealina peruana.

Sciaena callaensis Hildebrand, 1946

(Sciaenidae): Adenocephalus pacificus.

Sciaena wieneri Sauvage, 1883 (Sciaenidae):

Anisakis sp.



Pseudoplatystoma fasciatum (Linnaeus, 1766)

(P imelo did ae): C ham briel la sp.

Choanoscolex abscisus, Dactylogyridae

ge n. sp. , Harr isc olex k apa rari,

Megathylacus sp. Nomimoscolex lopesi,

N. sudobim, Peltidocotyle rugosa,

Phyllodistomum sp., Vancleaveus

fungulus.

Pseudoplatystoma punctifer (Castelnau, 1855)

(Pimelodidae): Choanoscolex sp.,

Houssayella sudobim, Megathylacus sp.,

Spasskyellina spinulifera, Spatulifer

rugosa.

Pseudoplatystoma tigrinum (Valenciennes,

1840) (Pimelodidae): Choanoscolex sp.,

Nomimoscolex cf. sudobim, Spasskyellina

spinulifera, Spatulifer sp. 

Pterodoras granulosus (Valenciennes, 1821)

(Dora d i d a e ) : Cosm e t o c l e ithrum

bulbocirrus, Monticellia belavistensis,

P r o t e o c e p h a l u s k u y u k u y u ,

Proteocephalus sp., Vancleaveus

janauacaensis.

Pterodoras sp. (Doradidae): Proteocephalus

kuyukuyu.

Pterophyllum scalare (Schultze, 1823)

(Cichlidae): Dactylogyrus sp., Gussevia

spiralocirra

Pterygoplichthys anisitsi Eigenmann &

Kennedy, 1903 (Loricariidae): Unilatus

brittani, U. unilatus. 

Pterygoplichthys multiradiatus (Hancock,

1828) (Loricariidae): Gorytocephalus

plecostomorum. 

P y go c en t r u s n a t t e re r i K n e r, 1 8 5 8

(Characidae): Amphithecium calycinum,

A. camelum, Anacanthorus reginae, A.

stachophallus, A. thatcheri, Notothecium

mizellei, N. penetratum, Rhinoxenus

piranhus.

Sarda chiliensis (Cuvier, 1832) (Scombridae):

A d e n o c e p h a l u s p a c i f i c u s ,

Acanthobothrium chilensis, Anisakis

physeteris, Caligus bonito, Caligus sp.,

C a p s a l a g re g a l i s , C e r a t o t h o a

gaudichaudii, Diphyllobothrium sp.,

H y s t e r o t h y l a c i u m a d u n c u m ,

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sarmientoi, Philometra neptomeni.

Sicyases sanguineus Müller & Troschel, 1843

(Gobiesocidae): Acanthochondria

s i c y a s i s , He l i co m e tr i n a ni m i a,

Lecithasteridae gen. sp., Proctoeces

lintoni, Proctoeces sp., Prosorhynchoides

sp.

Sorubim lima (Bloch & Schneider, 1801)

(Pimelodidae): Ameloblastella sp.,

Dactylogyridae gen. sp., Manaosia

bracodemoca, Spatulifer maringaensis.

Sorubimichthys planiceps (Spix & Agassiz,

1829) (Pimelodidae): Chambriella sp.,

Choanoscolex sp., Houssayella sudobim,

L e n h a t a e n i a m e g a c e p h a l a ,

Nomimoscolex lenha, Peltidocotyle

lenha, Spasskyellina lenha.

Stellifer minor (Tschudi, 1846) (Sciaenidae):

Acanthocolax peruensis, Anisakis sp.,

Cainocreadium sp., Caligus quadratus,

Clavella sp., Clavellotis dilatata,

Corynosoma obtuscens, Corynosoma sp.,

Cymothoidae gen. sp., Cynoscionicola

americanus, Cynoscionicola sp.,

Diplectanum sp., Encotyllabe sp.,

Helicometra fasciata, Kudoa sciaenae,

Lacistorhynchus tenuis, Loimos sp.,

Nybelinia sp., Pedocotyle annakohni, P.

bravoi, Pedocotyle sp., Procamallanus

(S p i r o c a m a l l a n u s ) p e r e i r a i ,

Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus) sp.,

Rhadinorhynchus sp., Rhamnocercus

oliveri, Rhamnocercus sp., R. stelliferi,

“Scolex pleuronectis”.

S t e t hap r i o n er y t h rops C o p e , 18 7 0

(Characidae): Auriculostoma diagonale

St ro m a t e us ste l l a t us Cu v i e r, 1 8 2 9

( S t r o m a t e i d a e ) : C e r a t o t h o a

gaudichaudii; Hysterothylacium sp.

Lecithocladium cristatum

Strongylura exilis (Girard, 1854) (Belonidae):

Bomolochus constrictus, B. ensiculus,

Le rna nth ropus tyl osu ri, L oxu ra

peruensis.

Strongylura scapularis (Jordan & Gilbert,

1882) (Belonidae): Ancyrocephalus sp.

Bomolochus bellones, Dollfustrema sp.,

Sciaenidae gen. sp.: Ceratothoa gaudichaudi.

Scomb er jap onicus Houttuyn, 1782

(Scombridae): Adenocephalus pacificus,

Anisakis

sp., Anisakis physeteris, A. simplex,

Caligu s pe l a m y d i s , C e r a t o t h o a

g a u d i c h a u d i i , C e r a t o t h o a s p . ,

Callitetrarhynchus gracilis, Clavellisa

s c o m b r i , C o n t r a c a e c u m s p . ,

Corynosoma obtuscens, Didymocystis sp.,

D i d y m o z o i d a e g e n . s p . ,

Diphyllobothridae gen. sp., Koellikeria

sp., Kuhnia indica, K.scombri, Kuhnia

s p r o s t o n a e , K u d o a c a u d a t a ,

Maccallumtrema sp., Nematobothrium

scombri, Nematobothriinae gen. sp.,

Nybelinia sp., Ovarionematobothrium

saba, P ro d i s t o m u m o r i e n t a l i s ,

P s e u d o t e r r a n o v a d e c i p i e n s ,

Rhadinorhynchus pristis, Rocinela sp.,

“Scolex pleuronectis”, Tentacularia

coryphaenae, Unitubulotestis sp.

Scomberomorus sierra Jordan & Starks, 1895

( S c o m b r i d a e ) : A c a n t h o l o c h u s

nudiusculus, Adenocephalus pacificus,

Anaporrhutum sp., Didymozoon sp.,

Caligus omissus, Cybicola buccata,

Diphyllobothrium sp., Mexicotyle

m e x i c a n a , P s e u d a x i n e s p . ,

P s e u d o g r i l l o t i a p e r u v i a n a ,

Thoracocotyle crocea.

Scorpaena russula Jordan & Bollman, 1890

(Scorpaenidae): Anisakis sp.

S e b a st e s c ape n s is ( G m e li n , 1 789 )

(Sebastidae): Ascarophis sebastodis,

Corynosoma australe, Helicometrina

n i m i a , N e o b e n e d e n i a m e l l e n i ,

Pseudopecoelus sp.

Seriola lalandi Valenciennes, 1833

(Carangidae): Allencotyla mcintoshi.

Seriolella violacea Guichenot, 1848

(Ce n t rolop h i dae) : Anis a k is s p.,

Corynosoma sp., Lecithocladium

c r i s t a t u m , L e c it h o cl a d i u m s p. ,

L e r n a n t h r o p i n u s t r a c h u r i ,

Ne o b o t h r ioce p h a l u s a s pino s u s ,

Nybel i n i a s p ., Para e u r y s o rchis

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(S p i ro c a m a l l a n u s ) h i l a r i i , P .

(Spirocamallanus) chimusensis.

Trichomycterus punctulatus Valenciennes,

1846 (Trichomycteridae): Hepatoxylon

megacephalum, Gyrodactylus sp.

Triportheus angulatus (Spix & Agassiz, 1829)

( C h a r a c i d a e ) : P r o c a m a l l a n u s

(Spirocamallanus) inopinatus.

Tylosurus acus acus (Lacepède, 1803)

(Belonidae): Bomolochus constrictus,

Colobomatus goodingi.  

Tylosurus pacificus (Steindachner, 1876)

(Belonidae): Caligodes laciniatus,

Caligus sp.

Xenistius peruanus Hildebrand, 1946

( H a e m u l i d a e ) : C y n o s c i o n i c o l a

intermedia.

Xiphias gladius Linnaeus, 1758 (Xiphiidae):

Gloiopotes huttoni.

Xi phophoru s hell eri i Heck el, 18 48

(Poeciliidae): Centrocestus sp.

Zungaro zungaro (Humboldt, 1821)

(Pimelodidae): Amphoteromorphus

parkamoo, Chambriella agostinhoi,

Euzetiella tetraphylliformis, Jauella

glandicephalus, Megathylacus jandia,

Peltidocotyle lenha, Proteocephalus

sophiae, Travassiella jandia.

Unspecified host (unspecified family):

Anilocra laevis, Asotana formosa,

Cymothoa oestrum.

Chondrichthyes (cartilaginous fishes)

Alopias sp. (Alopiidae): Echthrogaleus

pellucidus.

Callorhinchus callorhynchus (Linnaeus,

1 7 5 8 ) ( C a l l o r h i n c h i d a e ) :

Callorhynchocotyle marplatensis,

Gyrocotyle maxima.

Carcharhinus leucas (Müller & Henle, 1839)

(Carcharhinidae): Cathetocephalus

thatcheri.

Carcharhinus porosus (Ranzani, 1839)

(Carcharhinidae): Cathetocephalus

thatcheri, Disculiceps pileatus.

Loxura peruensis, Tylosuricola amatoi,

“Scolex pleuronectis”.

Symphysodon aequifasciatus Pellegrin, 1904

(Cichlidae): Dactylogyrus sp.

Thunnus albacares (Bonnaterre, 1788)

( S c o m b r i d a e ) : P s e u d o c y c n u s

appendiculatus

Trachinotus paitensis Cuvier, 1832

(Carangidae): Adenocephalus pacificus,

Bicotylophora trachinoti, Caligus

quadratus, Dinurus sp., Gonocercella

pacifica, Gonocerca sp., Kuhnia sp.,

Lecithocladium sp., Lernanthropus sp.,

Lobatostoma kemostoma, L. pacificum,

Lobatostoma sp., Phyllodistomum sp.,

P ro l e p t u s s p . , P y r a g r a p h o r u s

pyragraphorus.

Tr a c h i n o t u s r h o d o p u s G i l l , 1 8 6 3

( C a r a n g i d a e ) : E c t e n u r u s s p . ,

Lobatostoma pacificum, Parahemiurus

sp. 

Tr a c hu r u s m u r p h y i N i ch o l s , 1 9 2 0

(Carangidae): Adenocephalus pacificus,

Anisakis physeteris, A. simplex, Anisakis

sp., Caligus bonito, Callitetrarhynchus

grac ilis, Cemo co tyle tra ch uri,

C e m o c o t y l e s p . , C e r a t o t h o a

gaudichaudii, Contracaecum sp.,

Corynosoma australe, C. obtuscens,

Corynosoma sp., Diphyllobothrium sp.,

Eutetrarhynchus sp., Lernanthropinus

trachuri, Monascus sp., Nybelinia

s u r m e n i c o l a , N y b e l i n i a s p . ,

Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus)

chimusensis, Pseudoterranova decipiens,

Pygidiopsis sp., Rhabdochona sp.,

R h a d i n o r h y n c h u s s p . , “ S c o l e x

pleuronectis”, Tegorhynchus sp.,

Tentacularia coryphaenae.

Trichomycterus dispar (Tschudi, 1846)

(Trichomycteridae): Contracaecum sp.,

Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus)

c h i m u s e n s i s , P y g i d i o p s i s s p . ,

Rhabdochona sp.

Trichomycterus piurae (Eigenmann, 1922)

(Trichomycteridae): Clinostomum

m a r g i n a t u m , P r o c a m a l l a n u s

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351

Pseudocharopinoides myliobatides,

P s e u d o c h a r o p i n u s n a r c i n a e ,

Rhinebothrium sp., Rhodobothrium

mesodesmatum, Trebius latifurcatus.

Myliobatis peruvianus Garman, 1913

(Myliobatidae): Acanthobothrium

b r e v i s s i m e , A. h o l o r h i n i , A .

gonzalesmugaburui , Anaporrhutum

a l b i d u m , A n t h o b o t h r i u m s p . ,

Benedeniella sp., Echinobothrium sp.,

Eutetrarhynchus sp., Nybelinia sp.,

Phyllobothrium thridax, Proleptus sp.,

Rhinebothrium sp., Rhodobothrium

mesodesmatum.

Paratrygon aiereba (Müller & Henle, 1841)

(Potamotrygonidae): Nandocestus

guariticus, Potamotrygon cf. fitzgeralde,

P o t a m o t r y g o n o c e s t u s s p . ,

Proteocephalidea gen. sp., Rhabdochona

sp., Rhinebothrium copianullum,

Rhinebothrium sp., Rhinebothroides sp.

Potamotrygon falkeri (Castex & Maciel, 1963)

( P o t a m o t r y g o n i d a e ) :

Potamotrygonocestus cf. fitzgeraldae,

Rhabdochona sp., Rhinebothroides sp.

Potamotrygon cf. falkeri (Castex & Maciel,

1 9 6 3 ) ( P o t a m o t r y g o n i d a e ) :

Acanthobothrium cf. peruviense,

N a n d o c e s t u s g u a r i t i c u s ,

P o t a m o t r y g o n o c e s t u s s p . ,

Proteocephalidea gen. sp., Rhinebothrium

copianullum, Rhinebothroides sp.

Potamotrygon motoro (Müller & Henle, 1841)

(Potamotrygonidae): Acanthobothrium

peruviense, Acanthobothrium cf. ramiroi,

P o t a m o t r y g o n o c e s t u s s p . ,

Potamotrygonocotyle chisholmae, P.

dromedaries, Proteocephalidea gen. sp.,

R h i n e b o t h r i u m c o p i a n u l l u m ,

Rhinebothroides sp.

Potamotrygon tatianae Silva & Carvalho,

2011 (Potamotrygonidae): Rhinebothrium

copianullum.

Potamotrygon sp. (Potamotrygonidae):

Potamotrygonocotyle rionegrense, P.

tsalickisi.

Prionace glauca (Linnaeus, 1758)

Cetorhinus maximus (Gunnerus, 1765)

(Cetorhinidae): Dinobothrium paciferum.

Dasyatis dipterura (Jordan & Gilbert, 1880)

(Dasyatidae): Acanthobothroides

peruensis, A. thorsoni, Rhodobothrium

pulvinatum.

Galeorhinus galeus (Linnaeus, 1758)

(Triakidae): Perissopus dentatus.

Isurus oxyrinchus Rafinesque, 1810

(Lamnidae): Anthosoma crassum,

Dinemoura, latifolia, D. producta,

Echthrogaleus denticulatus, Gangliopus

pyriformis, Nemesis lamna, Nybelinia sp.,

P a n d a r u s k a t o i , P . s a t y r u s ,

Clistobothrium tumidum, Phyllothyreus

cornutus.

M o b u l a t h u r s t o n i ( L l o y d , 1 9 0 8 )

(Myliobatidae): Nagmia peruviana.

Mustelus dorsalis Gill, 1864 (Triakidae):

Acanthocheilus bicuspis, Anisakis sp.,

Calliobothrium sp., Calliobothrium

verticillatum, Paraorygmatobothrium

triacis, Erpocotyle sp., Lacistorhynchus

t e n u i s , L o i m o s s c o l i o d o n i ,

Orygmatobothrium musteli.

Mustelus lunulatus Jordan & Gilbert, 1882

(Triakidae): Orygmatobothrium musteli

Mustelus mento Cope, 1877 (Triakidae):

Acanthocheilus bicuspis, Calliobothrium

sp., Calliobothrium verticillatum,

Echinocephalus sp., Lacistorhynchus

tenuis, Nybelinia sp., Orygmatobothrium

mustelid, Orygmatobothrium sp.,

Phyllobothrium lactuca, Phyllobothrium

sp., Proleptus obtusus. 

Mustelus sp. (Triakidae): Ceratothoa

gaudichaudii

Mustelus whitneyi Chirichigno F., 1973

(Triakidae): Lacistorhynchus tenuis,

Symcallio lintoni, Orygmatobothrium

musteli, Paraorygmatobothrium triacis.

Myliobatis chilensis Philippi, 1892

(Myliobatidae): Acanthobothrium batailloni,

A. holorhini, Acanthobothrium sp.,

C a u l o b o t h r i u m m y l i o b a t i d i s ,

Echeneibothrium sp., Eudactylina

myliobatidos, Phyllobothrium thridax,

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352

(Carcharhinidae): Achtheinus oblongus,

Anisakis sp., Anthobothrium laciniatum,

Anthosoma crassum, Gangliopus

pyriformis, Hepatoxylon trichiuri,

Paraorygmatobothrium angustum,

P l a t y b o t h r i u m a u r i c u l a t u m ,

Prosobothrium armigerum, Tentacularia

coryphaenae.

Rhinobatos planiceps Garman, 1880

(Rhinobatidae): Acanthobothrium olseni,

A. ro bu s t u m , A n o p l o c o ty l oi d e s

chorrillensis, A. papillatus, Eudactylina

peruensis, Heterocotyle sp., Ommatokoita

e l o n g a t a , P h y l l o b o t h r i u m s p . ,

Prochristianella heteracantha, Proleptus

carvajali, P. obtusus, Rhinebothrium

rhin obat i, Rh inob aton cho c oty le

cyclovaginatus, R. pacifica, Stibarobdella

moorei.

Rhinoptera steindachneri Evermann &

J e n k i n s , 1 8 9 1 ( M y l i o b a t i d a e ) :

Caulobothrium sp.

Scyllium sp. (Scyliorhinidae): Echinocephalus

striatus.

Sp h yrn a zy gaen a (L inn aeus , 17 58)

(Sphyrnidae): Platybothrium sp.,

Thysanocephalum thysanocephalum.

S q u a t i n a a r m a t a ( P h i l i p p i , 1 8 8 7 )

(Squatinidae): Grillotia sp., Otodistomum

veliporum, Phyllobothrium sp.

Sympterygia brevicaudata (Cope, 1877)

( R a j i d a e ) : A c a n t h o b o t h r i u m

l u s a r m i e n t a e , A . p s a m m o b a t i ,

Otodistomum veliporum.

Synodus scituliceps Jordan & Gilbert, 1882

(Synodontidae): Rhinebothrium sp.,

“Scolex pleuronectis”.

Triakis maculata Kner & Steindachner, 1867

(Triakidae): Acanthocheilus bicuspis,

Proleptus obtusus.

Unspecified host (unspecified family):

Pandarus smithii.

Table 1. Nominal and undetermined species according taxonomic group recorded of fishes from Peru.

Taxonomic group Nominal sp. Undetermined sp. Total

Monogenea 135 40 175

Cestoda 106 34 140

Digenea 53 57 110

Copepoda

Nematoda

Acanthocephala

Myxozoa

Isopoda

Aspidogastrea

Annelida 1 1 2

Branchiura 2 0 2

Neotropical Helminthology. Vol. 10, Nº2, jul-dic 2016 Luque et al.

353

Table 2. Environment distribution according taxonomic group recorded of fishes from Peru.

Taxonomic group

Marine

Freshwater

Both

environments

Total

Monogenea 90 85 0

175

Cestoda 68 71 1

140

Digenea

110

Copepoda

Nematoda

Acanthocephala

Myxozoa

Isopoda

Aspidogastrea 5 0 0 5

Annelida 2 0 0 2

Branchiura 1 1 0 2

Though many parasites have been reported

from fish in Peru, these reports likely represent

only a small fraction of the true richness of

parasite species from Peruvian fishes. There

are 1599 known Peruvian fish species (Froese

& Pauly, 2015), of which 189, i.e., less than

1/8, have parasitological records. This is a

negligible increase compared with the

proportion of ≈ 1/10 calculated by Luque &

Poulin (2007) almost 10 years ago. The current

scenario for fish parasite research in Peru can

be extended to other parts of the world and to

other groups of vertebrates as parasite hosts

(Madhavi, 2011; Hernández-Orts et al., 2015;

Tavakol et al., 2015); thus, any estimates of

parasite diversity are questionable (Poulin,

2014). A steadily decreasing number of

taxonomic experts (and their uneven

distribution) makes the situation even worse

(Brooks & Hoberg, 2000).

Despite the greater richness of freshwater

fishes in Peru compared to marine species, few

parasitological surveys have focused on the

fishes inhabiting Peru's large hydrological

DISCUSSION drainages. Recently, taxonomical studies have

been performed on the parasites of fishes from

t h e P e r u v i a n A m a z o n u s i n g b o t h

morphological and molecular approaches,

including on cestodes (de Chambrier et al.,

2015a,b), monogeneans (Mendoza-Palmero et

al., 2015) and acanthocephalans (Lisitsyna et

al., 2015). However, our knowledge of the

parasite fauna of these fishes is still far from

complete, and most of the diversity remains

untouched.

Although Peru is a megadiverse country, it was

not included as a fish parasite hotspot by Luque

& Poulin (2007) because of the low number of

studies compared to other Latin American

countries such as Brazil, Mexico and Puerto

Rico.

The marine fishes M. gayi peruanus, S.

japonicus, P. peruanus, S. deliciosa, S. minor

and T. murphyi presented the highest richness

of parasites. Because Peru is one of the

foremost Latin fishing nations, based mainly

on its large coast that is rich in fish species that

are used as basic food supplies in several

regions of the country (Ibarra et al., 2000), it is

not su rprising tha t the majority of

Neotropical Helminthology. Vol. 10, Nº2, jul-dic 2016 Metazoan Parasites of Fishes from Peru

354

which exhibit narrow host specificity, a highly

specialized attachment apparatus and a direct

life-cycle associated with numerous fish hosts

(Whittington 1998; Cribb et al., 2002; Poulin,

2002); or (2) directed studies on this parasite

group performed by a single or few research

teams, which is pronounced at a local scale

(Poulin & Morand, 2004). The much lower

number of monogeneans reported from Chile

(43 species) compared to Peru (175 species)

may reflect a lower number of studies in this

country, which is aggravated by the lack of

taxonomic experts (Muñoz & Olmos, 2007).

The second most species-richest group was the

cestodes. Twelve of the 20 known orders of

tapeworms (assuming that Proteocephalidea is

not included in the Onchoproteocephalidea;

see Alves et al., 2015a) have been reported

from Peruvian fishes, including the still

artificial “Tetraphyllidea”, which was

previously a catch-all group and is now split

into several new orders (Caira et al., 2014). To

date, the proteocephalideans presented the

highest richness of cestode species (46 spp.)

and mainly parasitize catfishes (Siluriformes)

from the Peruvian Amazon (de Chambrier et

al., 2006, 2015a,b).

Concerning the trematodes, the diversity of

species found in Peru, Brazil and Chile (115,

247 and 86 species, respectively) (present

study; Kohn et al., 2007; Muñoz & Olmos,

2008) is highest in Brazil but may be

considered to be rather low. The Digenea,

which is the biggest trematode group to date, is

also the largest taxon of endoparasites (Olson

et al., 2003), mostly due to the extraordinary

diversification in its sites of infection, life

cycles and modes of feeding (Cribb et al.,

2002). Thus, the large number of fishes known

from Peruvian waters should serve either as

definitive or intermediate hosts for these

organisms. Limited information is available on

metacercariae in freshwater fishes.

The nematodes were represented by 49

parasitological studies focus on important

fishery species. Moreover, there is financial

support for parasitological studies on species

that have economic importance, such as those

performed by Iannacone et al. (2009a-c), who

studied the parasitic fauna of A. scapularis, P.

humeralis and M. cephalus.

The fauna of Chilean fishes is very similar to

Peru in that its largest number of parasites were

reported from Sebastes oculatus Valenciennes,

1833 (= Sebastes capensis), M. gayi gayi, T.

murphyi and C. gilberti (Muñoz & Olmos,

2007, 2008). This similarity is not surprising,

given the countries' obvious spatial proximity

and their sharing of the Humboldt Current

System, which is known for its richness of

nutrients and biodiversity, including parasites

and fishes. Therefore, the differences in the

number of hosts studied in Peru (206 species)

and Chile (approximately 100 species) seems

to arise from a reduced number of studies

undertaken in the latter country and not by a

smaller number of potential hosts; 1167 fish

species are estimated to inhabit the

corresponding area in the Humboldt Current

System (Muñoz & Olmos, 2007; 2008;

Miloslavich et al., 2011).

In the present study, the greatest richness of

parasites was registered among monogeneans

(175) and cestodes (140), in contrast to the

observations in freshwater fishes in Mexico by

Salgado-Maldonado (2013), where nematodes

and trematodes are the dominant group of

parasites. In Chile, the most common fish

parasites are crustaceans and trematodes

(Muñoz & Olmos, 2007; 2008). These

differences, especially between Peru and

Chile, which are similar in their composition of

marine fishes, can be caused by the different

foci of studies carried out by some research

teams (Poulin & Morand, 2004).

The fact that monogeneans constitute the

largest number of species could be a result of

two factors: (1) the biology of these organisms,

Neotropical Helminthology. Vol. 10, Nº2, jul-dic 2016 Luque et al.

355

Desenvolvimento Tecnologico (CNPq),

Brazil; Fabiano Paschoal by a student

f e l l o w s h i p f r o m C o o r d e n a ç ã o d e

Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal do Ensino

Superior (CAPES), Brazil; Philippe V. Alves

by a student fellowship from CNPq, and Ana

C. da Silva by a student fellowship from

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de

São Paulo (FAPESP), Brazil.

species, almost one third of the total compiled

by Luque et al. (2011), who listed 140 named

and 75 unidentified species in fishes from

Brazil, but this number is similar to that

reported from Chile (i.e., 22 named and 17

unidentified species) (Muñoz & Olmos, 2008).

Poulin (2014) stated that variation in the

parasitic fauna among closely related

geographic areas is mainly driven by the

distribution of potential hosts. Therefore, the

similarity between the nematode species in

Peru and Chile might be explained by their

similar fish fauna. In contrast, the Brazilian

coastline is the largest in South America; thus,

a higher number of nematode species is

expected from the numerous potential hosts.

Ot her groups of parasit es, such as

Acanthocephala, Hirudinea and Myxozoa,

were represented by only a few species, which

corresponds to the situation in Chile (Muñoz &

Olmo, 2007; 2008).

The present account confirms that Peru has one

of the biggest fish parasite fauna in South

America but also indicates that much more

effort is necessary to grasp its true diversity

and might serve as a guide for further studies

on th is subject. A na lyses based on

morphological and molecular data (integrative

taxonomy) are pending to enrich our

knowledge of these parasites either to search

for cryptic species and their geographical

distributions or to link larval stages to their

respective adult forms.

We thank Tomás Scholz (Institute of

Parasitology, Academy of Sciences, Czech

Republic) for reviewing and commenting an

early draft of the manuscript. José L. Luque

was supported by a research fellowship from

C o n s e l h o N a c i o n a l d e P e s q u i s a e

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Received July 14, 2016.

Accepted August 26, 2016.

Neotropical Helminthology. Vol. 10, Nº2, jul-dic 2016 Metazoan Parasites of Fishes from Peru