Volume11,Number1(ene-jun2017)
ÓrganooficialdelaAsociaciónPeruanadeHelmintologíaeInvertebradosAfines(APHIA)
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Neotropical Helminthology, 2017, 11(1), jan-jun: 157-166.
REVIEW ARTICLE/ ARTÍCULO DE REVISIÓN
CHECKLIST OF NEMATODA PARASITES OF HUMANS DEPOSITED IN
HELMINTHOLOGICAL COLLECTION OF THE OSWALDO CRUZ INSTITUTE, BRAZIL
LISTA DE VERIFICACIÓN DE LOS NEMATODA PARÁSITOS DE HUMANOS DEPOSITADOS
EN LA COLECCIÓN HELMINTOLÓGICA DEL INSTITUTO OSWALDO CRUZ, BRASIL
1Laboratório de Helmintos Parasitos de Vertebrados, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil,
2Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brazil,
3Pós-Graduação em Microbiologia e Parasitologia Aplicadas, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
*Correspondence to author/ Autor para correspondencia: Marcelo Knoff
Laboratório de Helmintos Parasitos de Vertebrados, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz,
Av. Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, CEP 21040-900.
Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. Phone: +55(21) 2562-1462, Fax: +55(21) 2562-1511
E-mail/correo eletrónico: knoffm@ioc.ocruz.br
Neotropical Helminthology
157
ABSTRACT
Data on platyhelminth parasites of humans deposited in Helminthological Collection of the Oswaldo Cruz
Institute (CHIOC), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, have been reported only recently. The present study addresses
the checklist of nematode parasites of humans. There are several types of helminths deposited in CHIOC,
including parasites of medical and veterinary importance. The samples are stored as wet material and/or as
whole mounts. A survey of samples in the computerized database and its catalog cards was made. A total of
169 catalog cards with 176 samples with 15 species were analyzed. Listed records included the deposit
number, date of collection, geographical distribution, site of infection and the developmental stage. The
species with highest number of deposits was adults of Necator americanus (Stiles, 1902) mostly from the
State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The first deposit was specimens of N. americanus adults CHIOC 3 without
information of date of collection and deposit, from Rio de Janeiro, State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and the
last deposit was of an adult Lagochilascaris minor Leiper, 1909, CHIOC 33597, collected in 1997,
deposited on 23 January 1998, from State of Pará, Brazil.
Keywords: CHIOC – human – Nematoda
1* 1,3 1 2
Marcelo Knoff ; Magda Sanches ; Delir Corrêa Gomes & Beatriz Brener
Neotropical Helminthology, 2017, 11(1), jan-jun
RESUMEN
Palabras clave: CHIOC – humano – Nematoda
Recientemente, se han presentado datos sobre lista de verificación de los platelmintos parásitos de los
seres humanos depositados en Helminthological Colección del Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (CHIOC), Rio de
Janeiro, Brasil. El presente estudio se relaciona con la lista de verificación de los nematodos parásitos de
humanos. Existen varios tipos de helmintos depositados en la CHIOC, incluidos los parásitos de
importancia médica y veterinaria. Las muestras están depositadas como material líquido o montaje final.
Para obtener el conocimiento de los nematodos que parasitan al hombre depositados en CHIOC, se realizo
un estudio de sus muestras en su base de datos informatizada y sus fichas de catálogo. Se analizaron un
total de 169 fichas de catálogo con 176 muestras depositadas con 15 especies. Una lista de estos helmintos
se generó a partir del número de depósito de las muestras analizadas, que fueron incluidas información
sobre la fecha de recogida, distribución geográfica, el sitio de infección y el estado ontogenético. La
espécie con mayor número de depósitos es Necator americanus (Stiles, 1902) adulta del intestino y la
mayoría de ellos son del Estado de Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. El primer depósito fue Necator americanus
adulto, CHIOC 3 sin información de fecha de colecta y depósito, del Rio de Janeiro, Estado de Rio de
Janeiro, Brasil, y el último depósito fue um Lagochilascaris minor Leiper, 1910, CHIOC 33597,
colectado el 1997, depositado el 23 de Enero de 1998, del Estado de Pará, Brasil.
INTRODUCTION Helminthological Collection of the Oswaldo Cruz
Institute (CHIOC), Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
The material studied is preserved as a wet material
and/or whlole mounts and have been stored since
th
the beginning of the 20 century.
The wet materials are preserved in ethanol 70º GL,
ethanol 70º GL 5% glicerinated and acetic
formaldehyde in glass flasks The whole mounts .
are preserved in permanent mean, mounted
between slide and coverslip in Canada balsam. The
samples are stored in modern steel closets with
smoothly sliding doors.
To generate the checklist a survey in the records of
the CHIOC database was made, and a total of 169
catalog cards and 176 samples were analyzed. The
information of samples was checked and cited in
the following sequence, whenever available,
related the CHIOC number with the date of collect,
geographical distribution, site of infection and
ontogenetic stage.
The taxonomic classification follows Adamson
(1987), Blaxter et al. (1998), De Ley & Blaxter
(2002, 2004), Anderson et al. (2009) and Gibbons
et al. (2010).
Ethics statement, the material used in this study is
from the deposit of researchers, who in the act of
The Helminthological Collection of Oswaldo Cruz
Institute for more than a century has received
helminth deposits of several researchers not only in
Brazil but some from abroad, including those of
medical and veterinary importance. Recently data
on checklist of platyhelminth parasites of humans
deposited in Helminthological Collection of the
Oswaldo Cruz Institute (CHIOC), Brazil have been
reported (Sanches et al., 2016).
The present study aimed to give the continuity of
checklist of helminths parasites of human reporting
the effort to list all the nematode species causing
helminthiasis collected from human deposited in
CHIOC in order to , Rio de Janeiro, Brazil,
disseminate their information and thus to make
them available for taxonomic, systematic,
morphological, biological, ecological,
epidemiological studies and geographic
distribution contributing to of these infections.
This work was developed from a survey of
nematode specimens samples deposited in the
Knoff et al.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
158
159
1910, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, small intestine,
adult; CHIOC: 914, November, 1908, Rio de
Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, intestine, eggs; CHIOC: 925,
Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, large intestine, adult;
CHIOC: 926, Bahia, Brazil, large intestine, adult;
CHIOC: 1422, 1916, Bahia, Brazil, intestine, adult;
CHIOC: 1477, Bahia, Brazil, large intestine, adult;
CHIOC: 2028, Bahia, Brazil, large intestine, adult;
CHIOC: 4288, September, 1917, Bahia, Brazil,
large intestine, adult; CHIOC: 4619, January 18,
1923, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, large intestine,
adult; CHIOC: 4958, April, 1925, Rio de Janeiro,
RJ, Brazil, large intestine, adult; CHIOC: 5905,
December, 1927, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil,
caecum, adult; CHIOC: 8183, Rio de Janeiro, RJ,
Brazil, adult; CHIOC: 12435, February, 1942, Rio
de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, caecum appendix, eggs;
CHIOC: 17715, December, 1978, faeces, adult;
CHIOC: 25942, Brazil, apêndix, eggs; Trichuris
sp. (Roederer, 1761), CHIOC: 9978, April 10,
1930, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, caecum, adult;
CHIOC: 9979, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, caecum,
adult; CHIOC: 10006, August 24, 1935, Rio de
Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, caecum; CHIOC: 10042,
August 24, 1935, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil,
caecum, adult; CHIOC: 10043, August 24, 1935,
Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, caecum, adult.
Classe Chromadorea Inglis, 1983
Subclass Chromadoria Pearse, 1942
Order Rhabditida Chitwood, 1933
Suborder Rhabditina Chitwood, 1933
Family Strongyloididae Chitwood & Mclntosh,
1934
Genus Strongyloides Grassi, 1879
Strongyloides stercoralis (Bavay, 1876), CHIOC:
1799, October 18, 1919, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil,
faeces, adult; CHIOC: 1859, November, 1919, Rio
de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, faeces, eggs; CHIOC: 1860,
November, 1919, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil,
faeces, eggs; CHIOC: 1861, November, 1919, Rio
de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, faeces, eggs; CHIOC: 1862,
November, 1919, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil,
faeces, eggs; CHIOC: 5907, December, 1927, Rio
de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, small intestine, eggs;
CHIOC: 9756 a-f, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, large
intestine, eggs; .
Infraorder Rhabditomorpha Deley & Blaxter, 2002
Superfamily Strongyloidea Baird, 1853
Family Ancylostomatidae Looss, 1905
Genus Necator Stiles, 1902
deposits in the CHIOC were in accordance with
current rules.
From 169 records cataloged in the CHIOC about
the Nematoda parasitizing humans with 15 species,
the species with highest number of deposits was
adults of Necator americanus (Stiles, 1902),
mostly from the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The
percentage of deposits in the CHIOC were
distributed differently among the world countries,
Brazil (81.5%), Japan (4.1%), Guatemala (1.2%),
Mexico, French Guiana and Paraguay (1% each
one), and without information about geographic
distribution (6.5%); among the States of Brazil,
Rio de Janeiro (81.5%), Bahia (8.2%),
Pernambuco (4.1%), Rio Grande do Sul (1.4%),
São Paulo, Minas Gerais, Sergipe and Pará (0.7 %
each one), and without a specific State (2%);
among the ontogenetic stages, adults (76.3%), eggs
(14.2%) and larvae (9.5%). From all deposits
88.8% were from enteroparasites. The first deposit
of the nematodes was adults of N. americanus
CHIOC 3 without information of date of collection
and deposit, from Rio de Janeiro, State of Rio de
Janeiro, Brazil, and the last deposit was of an adult
of Lagochilascaris minor CHIOC 33597, collected
in 1997, deposited in 23 January 1998, from State
of Pará, Brazil.
The checklist of these species is showed below.
Phylum Nematoda Rudolphi, 1808
Class Enoplea Inglis, 1983
Order Trichinellida Hall, 1916
Superfamily Trichinelloidea Ward, 1907
Family Trichuridae Ransom, 1911
Genus Trichuris Roederer, 1761
Trichuris trichiura (Linnaeus, 1771), CHIOC: 37,
October, 1909, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, large
intestine, eggs; CHIOC: 54, Rio de Janeiro, RJ,
Brazil, adult; CHIOC: 189, August, 1913, Rio de
Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, intestine, adult; CHIOC: 203,
Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, adult; CHIOC: 467,
1915, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, intestine, adult;
CHIOC: 515, October 27, 1908, Rio de Janeiro, RJ,
Brazil, intestine and caecum, eggs; CHIOC: 516,
September 15, 1913, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil,
intestine, adult; CHIOC: 517, Rio de Janeiro, RJ,
Brazil, intestine, adult; CHIOC: 518, December,
Neotropical Helminthology, 2017, 11(1), jan-jun
Nematoda parasites of humans deposited in helminthological collection
RESULTS
Neotropical Helminthology, 2017, 11(1), jan-jun Knoff et al.
4751, October 5, 1924, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil,
faeces, adult; CHIOC: 4752, August 31, 1924, Rio
de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, faeces, adult; CHIOC: 4753,
September 9, 1924, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil,
faeces, adult; CHIOC: 4754, September 4, 1924,
Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, faeces, adult; CHIOC:
4914, October 21, 1922, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil,
small intestine, adult; CHIOC: 5906, December,
1927, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, small intestine,
adult; CHIOC: 9989, June, 1932, Rio de Janeiro,
RJ, Brazil, small intestine, adult.
Genus Ancylostoma (Dubini, 1843)
Ancylostoma duodenale (Dubini, 1843), CHIOC:
15, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, intestine, adult;
CHIOC: 148, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, intestine,
adult; CHIOC: 186, BA, Brazil, small intestine,
adult; CHIOC: 383, January 15, 1915, Rio de
Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, intestine, adult; CHIOC: 588,
December, 1910, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, small
intestine, adult; CHIOC: 589, Rio de Janeiro, RJ,
Brazil, adult; CHIOC: 592, Rio de Janeiro, RJ,
Brazil, small intestine, adult; CHIOC: 643, Rio de
Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, small intestine, adult; CHIOC:
644, September, 1909, intestine, eggs; CHIOC:
932, BA, Brazil, intestine, adult; CHIOC: 1046,
December 2, 1914, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil,
small intestine, adult; CHIOC: 1420, 1916, BA,
Brazil, intestine, adult; CHIOC: 2126, November,
1920, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, CHIOC: 4913,
October 21, 1922, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, small
intestine, adult; CHIOC: 4957, April, 1925, Rio de
Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, small intestine, adult; CHIOC:
5007, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, duodenum, adult;
CHIOC: 6334, BA, Brazil, intestine, adult;
CHIOC: 7186, May 5, 1930, Rio de Janeiro, RJ,
Brazil, small intestine, adult; CHIOC: 8958, 1933,
Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, small intestine, adult;
CHIOC: 8998, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, small
intestine, adult.
Family Syngamidae Leiper, 1912
Genus Mammomonogamus Ryjikov, 1948
Mammomonogamus laryngeus (Railliet, 1899),
CHIOC: 32109, November, 1983, Rio de Janeiro,
RJ, Brazil, larynx; Mammomonogamus sp.,
CHIOC: 18028, the nasal cavity sputum, adult.
Family Trichostrongylidae Witenberg, 1925
Genus Haemonchus Coob, 1898
Haemonchus contortus (Rudolphi, 1818), CHIOC:
17719, Santo Vitório do Palmar, RS, Brazil,
Necator americanus (Stiles, 1902), CHIOC: 3, Rio
de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, small intestine, adult;
CHIOC: 61, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, Rio de
Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, small intestine, adult; CHIOC:
62, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, small intestine,
adult; CHIOC: 63, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, small
intestine, adult; CHIOC: 80, Rio de Janeiro, RJ,
Brazil, small intestine, adult; CHIOC: 87, Rio de
Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, small intestine, adult; CHIOC:
115, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, small intestine,
adult; CHIOC: 150, adult; CHIOC: 152,
December, 1910, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, small
intestine, adult; CHIOC: 171, Rio de Janeiro, RJ,
Brazil, small intestine, adult; CHIOC: 185, small
intestine, adult; CHIOC: 187, Bahia, Brazil,
intestine, adult; CHIOC: 219, Rio de Janeiro, RJ,
Brazil, small intestine, adult; CHIOC: 270, Rio de
Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, small intestine, adult; CHIOC:
298, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, small intestine,
adult; CHIOC: 300, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil,
adult; CHIOC: 389, January 15, 1915, Rio de
Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, small intestine, adult; CHIOC:
574, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, small intestine,
adult; CHIOC: 575, July 20, 1908, Rio de Janeiro,
RJ, Brazil, adult; CHIOC: 576, Rio de Janeiro,
duodenum, adult; CHIOC: 577, February, 1910,
Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, adult; CHIOC: 578, Rio
de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, small intestine, adult;
CHIOC: 579, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, small
intestine, adult; CHIOC: 585, Rio de Janeiro, RJ,
Brazil, small intestine, adult; CHIOC: 586, Rio de
Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, adult; CHIOC: 587, Rio de
Janeiro, small intestine, adult; CHIOC: 927, BA,
Brazil, intestine, adult; CHIOC: 1043, December
2, 1914, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, small intestine,
adult; CHIOC: 1047, December 2, 1914, Rio de
Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, small intestine, adult; CHIOC:
1322, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, small intestine;
CHIOC: 1421, 1916, BA, Brazil, intestine, adult;
CHIOC: 1521, September, 1918, Rio de Janeiro,
RJ, Brazil, intestine, adult; CHIOC: 2125,
November, 1920, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, small
intestine, adult; CHIOC: 2218, May, 1909, Rio de
Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, adult; CHIOC: 4618,
November, 1920, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, small
intestine, adult; CHIOC: 4747, September 20,
1924, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, small intestine,
adult; CHIOC: 4748, September, 1924, Rio de
Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, faeces, adult; CHIOC: 4749,
September 3, 1924, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil,
faeces, adult; CHIOC: 4750, September 23, 1924,
Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, faeces, adult; CHIOC:
160
Brazil, gallbladder, larva; CHIOC: 17405, Brazil,
eggs.
Genus Lagochilascaris Leiper, 1909
Lagochilascaris minor Leiper, 1910, CHIOC:
33597, January 23, 1998, PA, Brazil, intramastoid
and cranial abscess, adult.
Order Oxyuridomorpha Deley & Blaxter, 2002
Superfamily Oxyuroidea Cobbold, 1864
Family Oxyuridae Cobbold, 1864
Genus Enterobius Leach, 1853
Enterobius vermicularis (Linnaeus, 1758),
CHIOC: 57, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, large
intestine, eggs; CHIOC: 374, May, 1915, Rio de
Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, faeces, adult; CHIOC: 755,
Februery 2, 1914, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, adult;
CHIOC: 847, 1915, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil;
CHIOC: 884, July, 1916, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil,
faeces; CHIOC: 1570, 1916, Rio de Janeiro, RJ,
Brazil, large intestine, adult; CHIOC: 1808, Rio de
Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, faeces, adult; CHIOC: 1964,
April 5, 1920, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, faeces,
adult; CHIOC: 4605, December 14, 1921, Rio de
Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, faeces, adult; CHIOC: 4657,
November 24, 1923, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil,
large intestine, eggs; CHIOC: 5317, October 14,
1925, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, large intestine,
adult; CHIOC 18970, October, 1943, Asuncion
Paraguay, faeces, adult; CHIOC 29296, Rio de
Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, faeces.
Superfamily Dracunculoidea Stiles, 1907
Family Dracunculidae Stiles, 1907
Genus Dracunculus (Reichard, 1759)
Dracunculus medinensis Linnaeus, 1758, CHIOC:
8285, intestine, tissue connective.
Infraorder Spiruromorpha Deley & Blaxter, 2002
Superfamily Filarioidea Weiland, 1858
Family Onchocercidae Leiper, 1911
Genus Wuchereria Silva Araújo, 1877
Wuchereria bancrofti (Cobbold, 1877), CHIOC:
1394, 9 April, 1916, SE, Brazil, blood,
microfilaria; CHIOC 2726, May, 1920, Belo
Horizonte, MG, Brazil, microfilaria; CHIOC:
21816, 1954, Recife, PE, Brazil, blood,
microfilaria; CHIOC: 21817, 1954, Recife, PE,
Brazil, blood, microfilaria; CHIOC: 21818, 1954,
Recife, PE, Brazil, blood, microfilaria; CHIOC:
21819, 1954, Recife, PE, Brazil, blood,
microfilaria; CHIOC: 26969, November 10, 1951,
estomach.
Genus Trichostrongylus Loos, 1905
Trichostrongylus orientalis Juibo, 1915, CHIOC:
1491, 1916, Japão, intestine, adult; CHIOC: 1492,
1916, Japão, intestine, adult; CHIOC: 1502, 1916,
Japão, intestine, eggs; CHIOC: 5834, Japão, adult;
CHIOC: 5835, Japão, adult; CHIOC: 9424, 1916,
Japão, intestine, adult; CHIOC 9425, 1916, Japão,
intestine, adult.
Suborder Spirurina Railliet & Henry, 1915
Infraorder Ascaridomorpha Deley & Blaxter, 2002
Superfamily Ascaridoidea Baird, 1853
Family Ascarididae Baird, 1853
Genus Ascaris Linnaeus, 1758
Ascaris lumbricoides Linnaeus, 1758, CHIOC: 43,
April 25, 1911, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, small
intestine, adult; CHIOC: 231, Rio de Janeiro, RJ,
Brazil, intestine, adult; CHIOC: 520, Rio de
Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, intestine, adult; CHIOC: 521,
March, 1911, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, intestine,
adult; CHIOC: 524, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil,
intestine, adult; CHIOC: 525, March 19, 1908,
intestine, adult; CHIOC: 527, Rio de Janeiro, RJ,
Brazil, adult; CHIOC 700, liver, eggs; CHIOC 701,
adult; CHIOC:1359, September 12, 1916, faeces,
eggs; CHIOC: 1813, Octuber 11, 1919, Rio de
Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, intestine, stomach, esophagus,
adult; CHIOC: 1858, Octuber 11, 1919, Rio de
Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, intestine, stomach, esophagus,
larva; CHIOC: 1864, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil,
faeces, adult; CHIOC: 1875, 1919, Rio de Janeiro,
RJ, Brazil, intestine, eggs; CHIOC: 1876, 1919,
Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, intestine, eggs; CHIOC:
2108, August 23, 1920, São Paulo, SP, Brazil,
faeces, adult; CHIOC: 2275, December, 1920, Rio
de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, small intestine, adult;
CHIOC: 4569, December 28, 1922, Rio de Janeiro,
RJ, Brazil, small intestine, adult; CHIOC: 4570,
1922, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, small intestine,
adult; CHIOC: 4597, December 14, 1921, faeces,
adult; CHIOC: 5455, May 10, 1921, Rio de Janeiro,
RJ, Brazil, small intestine, eggs; CHIOC: 5456,
September 27, 1922, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil,
small intestine, adult; CHIOC: 5766, May 4, 1923,
Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, small intestine, adult;
CHIOC: 6239, October 10, 1928, Rio de Janeiro,
RJ, Brazil, faeces, adult; CHIOC: 7391, May 27,
1932, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, small intestine,
adult; CHIOC: 8283, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil,
liver, eggs; CHIOC: 13996, 1935, Cachoeira, RS,
161
Neotropical Helminthology, 2017, 11(1), jan-jun
Nematoda parasites of humans deposited in helminthological collection
Neotropical Helminthology, 2017, 11(1), jan-jun Knoff et al.
Strongyloides stercoralis is endemic in tropical and
temperate climates, causative agent of
stronghyloidiasis, which can lead to systemic
complications in immunocompromised
individuals and in some cases lead to death (Becker
et al., 2011; Khieu et al., 2014; Vonghachack et al.,
2015). The samples of CHIOC are from the State of
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
The hookworm species deposited in CHIOC are
related to two species: Necator americanus and
Ancylostoma duodenale. These hookworms are
intestinal parasites which occur mainly in
developing countries in Africa, Asia and the
Americas. They are causing the ancylostomiasis,
known for establishing a long-term relationship in
their human hosts with a subtle and chronic, but
insidious, pathogenesis, usually in the form of iron
deficiency anemia, derived by feeding blood
parasite that over time, has devastating effects on
the human host, especially when it comes to
children or women of childbearing age (Andrade et
al., 2010; Periago & Bethony, 2013). At this
disease has been attributed stunted growth and
cognitive impairment of malnourished children in
these countries (Ojha et al., 2014). The samples of
N. americanus deposited in CHIOC are from the
States of Rio de Janeiro and Bahia, Brazil, the first
and with higher number of deposits, and the
samples of A. duodenale are from Rio de Janeiro
and Bahia, Brazil, corroborating the previous
information.
Mammomonagamus laryngeus has been reported
ocorring in some countries as Brazil, Honduras,
Venezuela, Colombia and the Philippines
parasitizing humans, than other less frequently
nematodes (Echeverry et al., 2011). The samples
deposited in CHIOC are from the State of Rio de
Janeiro, Brazil corroborating previous reports.
Haemonchus contortus is a common parasite of
ruminants, which develops well in areas with hot
and humid weather conditions. Some cases have
been registered for humans (Acha & Szyfres, 2003;
Terril et al., 2012). The sample deposited in
CHIOC is from the State of Rio Grande do Sul,
Brazil.
Trichostrongylus orientalis is the predominant
species in human infectious causing the
trichostrongyliasis can be found in Asia, mainly in
Recife, PE, Brazil, blood, microfilaria; CHIOC:
26970, November 9, 1951, Recife, PE, Brazil,
blood, microfilaria.
Genus Onchocerca Diesing, 1841
Onchocerca volvulus (Bickel, 1982), CHIOC:
13757, Huixtla, Mexico, nodules; Onchocerca sp.
Diesing, 1841, CHIOC: 19630, Guatemala,
nodules; CHIOC: 19821, Guatemala, nodules.
Family Filariidae Weinland, 1858
Genus Dirofilaria Railliet & Henry, 1911
Dirofilaria spectans Lent & Freitas, 1949, CHIOC:
19557, July 15, 1952, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil,
fifth finger of the left hand, adult.
Genus and species not identified
Microfilaria CHIOC: 9374, 1910, blood;
Filaria CHIOC 9376, epididymis; CHIOC: 18032,
September 28, 1940, French Guiana, eye.
The Helminthological Collection of the Oswaldo
Cruz Institute is characterized by containing
deposits from Brazil and several countries.
Currently it has been observing a gradual increase
in deposits, due to the need of researchers to
demonstrate the records in the publications of the
samples studied, this is also occurring with
deposits related to helminths from humans,
although in a smaller proportion. In CHIOC there
are more deposited samples from animals than
human samples, being evidenced by the surveying
of the present study (Noronha et al., 2009; Knoff et
al., 2010; Brasil, 2014; Sanches et al., 2016).
Trichuris trichiura that causes trichiuriasis a
helminthiasis of high incidence in developing
countries. Epidemiological surveys in Brazil in the
late 60's, show a higher prevalence of T. trichiura in
the States of North and Northeast. Different rates of
South and Southeast that were lower, probably due
to socio-economic, health and educational
conditions (Negrão-Corrêa, 2010). The samples
deposited in CHIOC are from the States of Rio de
Janeiro and Bahia, Brazil, the latter with larger
deposits.
162
DISCUSSION
The filariasis caused by Wuchereria bancrofti
occurs mainly in China, Indonesia, India and
African countries with multiple (WHO, 1992),
reports in humans in Brazil mainly in Pernambuco
(Acha & Szyfres, 2003). It is earmaked for
elimination by the year 2020 through the Global
Programme for the Elimination of Lymphatic
Filariasis (de Souza et al., 2014). The samples in
CHIOC are from the States of Sergipe, Minas
Gerais and Pernambuco, Brazil.
Onchocerca volvulus is the causative agent of
onchocerciasis, known as "river blindness", and
affects people in the world can be found in the
Arabia, Guatemala, Congo, Mexico and Colombia,
in some small communities in Africa, and Central
and South America such as Brazil and Venezuela
(Acha & Szyfres, 2003; Winkler et al., 2008;
Kaiser et al., 2010; Otranto et al., 2012). The
sample deposited in CHIOC is from Mexico
corroborating with above information.
Dirofilaria spectans it is a filariasis has been
reported in countries in Asia such as Japan, and the
Americas from Puerto Rico to Argentina including
Brazil (Acha & Szyfres, 2003; Reddy, 2013). The
sample in CHIOC is from the State of Rio de
Janeiro corroborating with previous information.
The samples of nematode species deposited in
CHIOC as microfilaria and filaria specimens were
collected on the: a) blood by Gaspar Vianna in
1910, there was no information about the
geographical distribution (blood smear slide
CHIOC 9374); b) epididymis, there was no
information about the geographical distribution
and date of collection (histological cross-section
slide CHIOC 9376); c) on the eye (wet material
preserved in acetic formalin CHIOC 18032). After
they have been analyzed by microscopy it was not
possible to identify the species.
In some smear samples with filariae and mounted
between slide and cover slip, were deteriorated,
making it difficult to analyze them.
The Nematoda species collected from human
stored in the CHIOC reported in the present
checklist can be used to researchers with medical
and veterinary concerns, providing subsidies for
health surveillance secretaries in planning and on
control of intestinal parasites and to control and/or
Korea and Japan, and parts of Africa, (Acha &
Szyfres, 2003). The samples deposited in CHIOC
are from Japan, corroborating previous reports.
Ascaris lumbricoides causing the ascariasis which
mainly affects children of school age, which has
always been associated with impaired physical and
intellectual development, mainly from Central and
South America (Ogliari & Passos, 2002; Acha &
Szyfres, 2003; Saturnino et al., 2003; Silva et al.,
2011). Eggs and larvae are found in all states of
Brazil, even considered prime areas (Souza et al.,
2007). Among other parasite species is one of the
most common human helminths, and has been
correlated with high levels of morbidity and
mortality (Barbosa et al., 2012). It is the human
parasitic nematode that has the second highest
number of records in CHIOC. The samples
deposited in CHIOC are from the State of Rio de
Janeiro, Brazil.
L a g o c h i l a s c a r i s m i n o r c a u s i n g t h e
lagochilascariasis, occurs in Latin America and
Caribbean (Acha & Szyfres, 2003). The sample
deposited in CHIOC is from State of Pará, Brazil
(Lanfredi et al., 1998).
Enterobius vermicularis causing enterobiasis has
wide geographical distribution and thriving well
into temperate zones of the world, man is its unique
host (Ediriweera et al., 2013). The samples
deposited in CHIOC are from Paraguay and State
of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Dracunculus medinensis causing dracunculiasis it
is mainly found in tropical and subtropical regions
such as Africa and Asia (Acha & Szyfres, 2003;
Eberhard et al., 2014). Travassos (1915) referred
the presence of this helminth in Brazil parasitizing
humans until the end :of the XIX century “...Este
parasito que, como a Filaria sanguinis-hominis,
parece ter sido importado da Africa, foi comum
entre nós, hoje, porém, parece inteiramente
desaparecido. A primeira referencia feita sobre a
presença deste parasito no Brazil foi de Sigaud,
segundo Silva Lima. Foi bem estudado entre nós
por, Silva Lima, Victorino Pereira, Magalhães, etc.
...”. The sample deposited in CHIOC there is only
the information that was collected by Oswaldo
Cruz and determinated by Travassos, there is no
information on the geographical distribution,
neither the date of collection.
163
Neotropical Helminthology, 2017, 11(1), jan-jun
Nematoda parasites of humans deposited in helminthological collection
Neotropical Helminthology, 2017, 11(1), jan-jun Knoff et al.
eradicate the zoonoses.
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Received October 21, 2016.
Accepted January 16, 2017.