REVIEW/ ARTÍCULO DE REVISIÓN

RHABDOCHONA (R.) URUYENI (NEMATODA, RHABDOCHONIDAE) IN BRAZIL:

PRESENT STATUS OF SOUTH AMERICAN RHABDOCHONA RAILLIET WITH A

WORLDWIDE BIBLIOGRAPHICAL SURVEY OF THE GENUS FROM 1845 TO 2010

RHABDOCHONA (R.) URUYENI (NEMATODA, RHABDOCHONIDAE) EN BRASIL:

PRESENTE SITUACIÓN DE RHABDOCHONA RAILLIET EN SUD-AMÉRICA, CON UN

LEVANTAMIENTO BIBLIOGRÁFICO A NIVEL MUNDIAL DEL GÉNERO DESDE

1845 HASTA 2010

1, 2* 1 1

Roberto Magalhães Pinto , Dely Noronha , Marcelo Knoff & Delir Corrêa Gomes

Suggested citation: Pinto, M.R., Noronha, D., Marcelo Knoff, M., Gomes, DC. 2010. Rhabdochona (R.) uruyeni (Nematoda,

Rhabdochonidae) in Brazil: present status of South American Rhabdochona Railliet with a worldwide

bibliographical survey of the genus from 1845 to 2010. Neotropical Helminthology, vol. 4, nº 1, pp. 49-69.

Key words: Bibliographical survey - fishes - Rhabdochona spp. - South America.

Abstract

During studies of fish helminths, deposited in the Helminthological Collection of the Oswaldo Cruz Institute

(CHIOC), some samples of nematodes were studied and identified as Rhabdochona uruyeni Diaz-Ungria,

1968. The present status of the species occurring in South America is discussed and updated. To facilitate

further accesses, a worldwide bibliographical survey related to systematic, taxonomic, morphological,

biological, cladistical and ecological approaches to the genus, covering a period of 165 years is presented. To

date, Rhabdochona (Rhabdochona) acuminata is referred in Argentina, Brazil, and Ecuador, together with

Rhabdochona (Filochona) fabianae in Argentina and Rhabdochona (Rhabdochona) uruyeni in Venezuela

and now in Brazil, for the first time and in a new host. Also, Rhabdochona spp. are cited in Argentina, Brazil

and Peru. Rhabdochona colossomi Diaz-Ungria, 1968 is considered a nomen nudum.

Palabras clave: encuesta bibliográfica - peces - Rhabdochona spp. - Sud-América.

Resumen

Durante investigaciones direccionadas a los nematodos de peces depositados en la Colección

Helmintológica del Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (CHIOC), algunas muestras fueron estudiadas y identificadas

como Rhabdochona uruyeni Diaz-Ungria, 1968. La presente situación de las especies que ocurren en Sud-

América es discutida y actualizada. Además, se efectuó un amplio levantamiento bibliográfico relacionado a

taxonomía, morfología, biología, cladística y ecología del género, a fin de proporcionar una pronta

indicación de las citas sobre las especies de Rhabdochona, comprendiendo un período de 165 años. Hasta el

presente, Rhabdochona (Rhabdochona) acuminata es referida en Argentina, Brasil, y Ecuador, junto con

Rhabdochona (Filochona) fabianae en Argentina y Rhabdochona (Rhabdochona) uruyeni en Venezuela y

ahora en Brasil por primera vez y en un nuevo huésped. También, Rhabdochona spp. están señaladas en

Argentina, Brasil y Peru. Rhabdochona colossomi Diaz-Ungria, 1968 es considerado como nomen nudum.

1,2*

2Conselho Nacional de Dsenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) research fellow.

Laboratório de Helmintos Parasitos de Vertebrados, Helmintologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Avenida Brasil 4365, 21045-900 Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.

Neotrop. Helminthol., 4(1), 2010

2010 Asociación Peruana de Helmintología e Invertebrados Afines (APHIA)

ISSN: 2218-6425 impreso / ISSN: 1995-1043 on line

INTRODUCTION

Species of Rhabdochona Railliet, 1916 mainly

parasitize fishes but can also rarely occur in

snakes (Moravec, 1983), bats (Barus & Tenora,

1970) freshwater crabs (Poinar & Kannangara,

1972) and birds (Kumar & Gupta, 1979). In

despite of the small number of South American

Rhabdochona species, all parasitizing

freshwater fishes, there have been

misunderstandings mainly related to the

validity of the Brazilian representatives of this

genus. This investigation deals with data to

better inform about the present status of the

species and hosts that occur in Brazil,

Argentina, Ecuador, Peru and Venezuela,

together with an updating of bibliographical

references concerning Rh abd oc hon a

worldwide.

The studied nematode samples are deposited in

the Helminthological Collection of the

Oswaldo Cruz Institute (CHIOC), preserved in

AFA (ethanol 70 GL, 93 mL; formaldehyde,

5mL; glacial acetic acid, 2mL). Samples were

obtained early in March and April, 1948, from

three specimens of a freshwater fish host.

Nematodes were clarified in lactophenol and

provisionally mounted in glycerin gel. Generic

classification of the nematodes is in accordance

with Chabaud (1975). Common names of the

hosts appear in English, Portuguese or Spanish,

depending on their availability. Measurements

are in millimeters (mm). NHR and NGD refer to

New Host Record and New Geographical

Distribution, respectively.

Rhabdochona (Rhabdochona) uruyeni Diaz-

Ungria, 1968

Morphometrics based on five males and five

females.

Brief redescription: general: relatively small

and slender nematodes, tail conical, with

rounded tip, devoid of cuticular spike. Deirids

lateral, inconspicuous, very small, hardly

observed. Number of prostomal teeth is 13-14.

Males: body 6.92-8.90 long, 0.12-0.15 wide.

Funnel-like prostomal chamber 0.019-0.030

long. Distance of nerve ring and excretory pore,

0.16-0.18 and 0.12-0.15 from anterior end,

respectively. Muscular esophagus 0.12-0.15

long, glandular esophagus 1.48-1.72 long.

Large spicule slender, 0.32-0.45 long. The short

spicule, with a barb at its posterior end is stout,

0.070-0.12 long. Length ratio of spicules is 1:

3.75 - 4.57. Caudal papillae are distributed in 8-

10 pairs of pre-cloacal and 05 pairs of post-

cloacal papillae, together with an unpaired

papilla. Tail conical, 0.18-023 long, with

slightly rounded tip.

Females: body 10.8-12.0 long, 0.12-0.17 wide.

Funnel-like prostomal chamber 0.038-0.046

long. Distance of nerve ring, deirids and

excretory pore is 0.15-017, 0.04-0.06 and 0.15-

0.19 from anterior end, respectively. Muscular

esophagus 0.20-0.25 long, glandular esophagus

2.10-2.30 long. Vulva located at 4.80-5.94 from

posterior extremity. Eggs non filamented,

0.0035-0.039 long, 0.018-0.021 wide. Tail

conical, with slightly rounded tip.

Taxonomic summary:

Host: Pachyurus squamipennis Agassiz, 1831,

Sciaenidae; common names: Pescada-corvina

do São Francisco, Corvina, Corvina de água

doce, Corvina preta, Sofia (NHR).

Site of infection: intestine.

Locality: Lagoa Juparanã, Linhares, State of

o o

Espírito Santo (19 23'28”S, 40 04'20”W),

Brazil (NGD).

Deposited: CHIOC no. 16847, 16848, 16849

(wet material).

Remarks: This species has already been

previously described, redescribed and figured

(Diaz-Ungria, 1968; Moravec, 1972a). In

accordance with the latter author, Rhabdochona

(R.) uruyeni is very close to Rhabdochona (R.)

acuminata (Molin, 1860) and that the only

Present status of South American Rhabdochona Pinto et al.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

RESULTS

morphological differences of specific value

between both species are related to the size and

shape of the deirids as well as the shape of the

tail. This is the first report of R. (R.) uruyeni in

Brazil and in a new host.

Saidov (1953), on the basis of the presence or

absence of egg filaments, divided the genus

R h a b d o c h o n a i n t o t w o s u b g e n e r a

Rhabdochona (eggs devoid of filaments) and

Filochona (filamented eggs). Moravec (1972a),

based on the type of eggs, proposed three

subgenera: Rhabdochona, Filochona and

Globochona (eggs with special swellings or

globules). Later, Moravec (1975) in a study

related to the reconstruction of the genus

Rhabdochona, re-arranged the subgenera and

increased their number to four, namely

Rhabdochona, Globochona, Globochonoides

and Sinonema including more characteristics

for their diagnosis other than egg filaments,

such as number and arrangement of teeth in the

prostome, presence of cervical alae, shape of

female tail tip and shape of deirids.

Nevertheless, Chabaud (1975) only recognized

three subgenera: Rhabdochona, Filochona and

Globochona. This classification is now widely

accepted and was adopted in the present study.

To date, over a hundred species, allocated in

Rhabdochona, with its type species

Rhabdochona denudata (Dujardin, 1845)

Railliet, 1916, have been reported worldwide.

From 1845 to 1957 (Yamaguti 1961) thirty-

eight valid species had already been referred,

and further, a great amount of species was

described, re-described, synonymized or

referred in systematical, taxonomic,

morphological, biological, cladistical or

ecological approaches from 1961 to 2010,

according to the present bibliographical survey

that appear in chronological order: [Campana-

Rouget, 1961; Agrawal, 1965; Furtado, 1965;

Rasheed, 1965; Kloss, 1966; Sahay, 1966;

Diaz-Ungria, 1968; Moravec, 1968, 1971,

1972a-c, 1974, 1975, 1976, 1977, 1983, 1994,

1995, 1998, 2006, 2007a,b, 2010; Holloway &

Klewer, 1969; Khan & Yaseen, 1969; Rai,

1969; Sahay et al., 1969; Barus & Tenora, 1970;

Kaletskaya, 1970; Moravec & Mikailov, 1970;

Majumdar & De, 1971; Moravec & Arai, 1971;

Sahay & Narayan, 1971; Chiriac & Mester,

1972; Kalyankar, 1972; Poinar & Kannangara,

1972; Sood, 1972; Verma, 1972; Pennel et al.,

1973; Puylaert, 1973; Rehana & Bilqees, 1973;

Collins & Dechtiar, 1974; El-Naffar & Saoud,

1974; Vassiltadès & Troncy, 1974; Voth et al.,

1974; Chabaud & Krishnasamy, 1975; Lockard

et al., 1975; Margolis et al., 1975; Seki, 1975;

Zaid & Khan, 1975; Beacham & Haley, 1976;

Buhrnheim, 1976; Cordero del Campillo &

Pellitero, 1976; Fahmy et al., 1976; Lang &

Edson, 1976; Moravec & Daniel, 1976; Wang,

1976; Arya & Johnson, 1977; Combs et al.,

1977; Mudry & Anderson, 1977; Sood et al.,

1977; Amin, 1978; Arya, 1978; Kakacheva-

Avramova & Nedeva-Menkova, 1978a,b, 1979;

Kazic, 1978; Moravec & Amin, 1978; Pluto &

Rothenbacher, 1978; Rahemo, 1978; Alvarez-

Pellitero, 1979; Bueno & Pellitero, 1979;

Chiang et al., 1979; Grigoryan & Vartanyan,

1979; Kayton et al., 1979; Kumar & Gupta,

1979; Rahemo & Kasim, 1979; Leong, 1980;

Robinson & Jahn, 1980; Seng, 1980; Soota &

Dey-Sarkar, 1981; Moravec et al., 1981, 1985,

1991, 1995, 1997a,b, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2006,

2007, 2008, 2009; Wang et al., 1979; Wang,

1981; Bilqees 1979, 1982; Gupta & Srivastava,

1982; Kirka et al., 1982; Rautela & Malhotra,

1982; Arai & Mudry, 1983; Naidu, 1983;

Siddiqi & Khatak, 1983, 1984; Soota, 1983;

Wier et al., 1983; Carvalho-Varela et al., 1981,

1984; Malhotra & Chauhan, 1984; Muzzall,

1984, 1986, Vicente et al., 1985; Bilqees &

Rehana, 1986; Muzzall & Sweet, 1986; Ali et

al., 1987a-b; Dhar & Majdah, 1987; Duggal &

Kaur, 1987; Heckman et al., 1987; Ito et al.,

1987; Kohn & Fernandes, 1987; Moravec &

Otero, 1987; Petter, 1987; Moravec & Huffman,

1988a, b, 2001; Moravec & Sey, 1988; Sood,

1988; Mashego, 1989, 1990; Moravec &

Nagasawa, 1989, 1998; Imam & El-Askalany,

1990; Imam et al., 1991; Kaur & Khera, 1991;

Katoch & Kalia, 1991, 1993a, b; Kritscher,

1991; Moravec & Scholz, 1991a, b, 1995;

Anderson, 1992; Chishti & Bakshi, 1992;

Byrne, 1992 a, b; Maggenti et al., 1992;

DISCUSSION

Neotrop. Helminthol., 4(1), 2010

Muzzall et al., 1992, 1995; Wang et al., 1992;

Boomker & Petter, 1993; Khan & Rasheed,

1993; Oguz & Ozturk, 1993; Barger & Janovy,

1994; Boomker, 1994 a, b; Ghazi et al., 1994;

Moreira, 1994; Ortubay et al., 1994; Gutierrez-

Galindo et al., 1995; Muzzal & Whelan, 1995;

Pazooki et al., 1996; Shimazu, 1996; Appleby

& Sterud, 1997; Bergeron et al., 1997; Rojas et

al., 1997; Valles-Rios & Ruiz-Campos, 1997;

Sanchez-Alvarez, 1998; Saraiva & Moravec,

1998; Sterud et al., 1998; Thoen et al., 1998;

Lakshmi & Sudha, 1999a, b; Ghazi & Rahim,

1999; Rahemo & Al-Din, 1999; Wu, 1999;

Caspeta-Mandujano & Moravec, 2000;

Caspeta-Mandujano et al., 2000 a, b, c, 2002,

2005; Pérez-Ponce De León et al., 2000;

Aguirre-Macedo et al., 2001; Akram &

Khatoon, 2001; Aydogdu et al., 2001;

Hanzelova et al., 2001; Jan & Khan, 2001;

Lakshmi, 2001; Marcogliese et al., 2001;

Moravec & Huffman, 2001; Cremonte et al.,

2002; Dyer & Poly, 2002; Pérez-Ponce de León

& Choudhury, 2002; Rafique et al., 2002;

Saraiva et al., 2002 a, b; Young & Heckmann,

2002; Aguilar-Aguilar et al., 2003; Ghazi et al.,

2003; Hirasawa & Urabe, 2003; Kirin, 2003;

Mejia-Madrid & Pérez-Ponce de León, 2003,

2007; Öktener, 2003; Popiolek & Kotusz, 2003;

Caspeta-Mandujano & Mejia-Mojica, 2004;

Choudhury et al., 2004; Hirasawa et al., 2004;

Khan et al., 2004; Martinez-Aquino et al., 2004;

Salgado-Maldonado et al., 2004; Boonchot &

Wongsawad, 2005; Brasil-Sato & Santos, 2005;

Caspeta-Mandujano et al., 2005; Mejia-Madrid

et al., 2005, 2007a, b; Paraguassú et al., 2005;

Pérez-Ponce de León & Choudhury, 2005;

Pracheil et al., 2005; Ramallo, 2005; Saraiva et

al., 2005; Asmatullah et al., 2006; Barger, 2006;

González-Solis & Jimenéz-Garcia, 2006; Kakar

et al., 2006, 2008; Poulin, 2006; Salgado-

Maldonado, 2006; Kakar & Bilqees, 2007a,

2007b; Moravec & Klimpel, 2007; Moravec &

Muzzall, 2007; Moravec et al., 2007;

Paraguassú & Luque, 2007; Lira-Guerrero et

al., 2008; Moravec & Shimazu, 2008;

Mortezaei, 2008; Reyda, 2008; Romero-Tejeda

et al., 2008; Seifertova et al., 2008; Shukerova

& Kirin, 2008; Albuquerque, 2009; Martinez-

Aquino et al., 2009; Moravec et al., 2009;

Nachev & Sures, 2009; Pérez-Ponce de León et

al., 2009; Pullen et al., 2009; Santos et al., 2009;

Sudhakar et al., 2009; Takemoto et al., 2009;

Tavernari et al., 2009; Zrncic et al., 2009;

Quilchini et al., 2010].

In despite of the large number of Rhabdochona

species reported worldwide, the distribution of

hosts was taken into account in the present

investigation; thus, the fishes considered here

are those that were captured in some rivers of

Brazil, Argentina, Ecuador, Peru and

Venezuela. The first Brazilian Rhabdochona

species to be described was Rhabdochona (R.)

acuminata, proposed as Spiroptera acuminata

by Molin (1860) in Brycon falcatus (Müll. &

Trosch, 1844) (Matrinxã-miúda, Nipon) from

the State of Mato Grosso, Brazil. Travassos et

al. (1928) [in accordance with Drasche (1884)]

reproduced the description, figures and hosts of

R. (R.) acuminata. Among the latter Barbus sp.

(Gold barb) was included and authors

commented about the reference of Barbus sp. as

a host for a Brazilian species of Rhabdochona,

considering that this genus is not represented in

the Neotropical region. At the occasion,

Rhabdochona (R.) elegans from specimens of

the characid Tetragonopterus sp. (Tetra) from

the rivers Tietê and Mogi-Guassú in the State of

São Paulo was described.

Vaz & Pereira (1934) redescribed Rhabdochona

(R.) acuminata from the small intestine and gall

bladder of Pi mel od e ll a l ate ri str ig a

(Lichtenstein, 1823) ( Mandí-chorão, Fat

catfish) and Tatia neivai (Ihering, 1930) [=

Glanidium neivai] (Jundiá, a small freshwater

catfish) captured in Rio Grande, municipality

of Santo Amaro, Tietê river, State of São Paulo.

Kloss (1966) proposed two new species,

namely Rhabdochona (R.) fasciata from the

small intestine of Astianax fasciatus (Cuv.,

1819) (Lambari do rabo vermelho, Matupiri,

Mojarra, Banded astianax, Mexican tetra), and

A. schubarti Britsk, 1964 (Lambari, Tetra) and

Rhabdochona (R.) australis from the small

intestine of Astianax bimaculatus (L., 1758)

(Lambari do rabo amarelo, Twospot astyanax);

specimens of the above characid hosts were

captured in the Mogi-Guassú River. Also, a new

Present status of South American Rhabdochona Pinto et al.

name was designed, Rhabdochona (R.)

siluriformis (Vaz & Pereira, 1934) Kloss, 1966,

for the nematodes previously identified as R.

(R.) acuminata by Vaz & Pereira (1934).

After, Moravec (1972a) in a revision of the

South American Rhabdochona, stated that

species of the genus previously referred in

Brazil so far, should be referred to only as

Rhabdochona (Rhabdochona) acuminata,

taking into account the stiletto-shaped well

developed deirids, and the presence of a tail tip

provided with a sharp cuticular spike.

Nevertheless, Vicente et al. (1985) unaware of

this proposition considered Rhabodochona (R.)

australis Kloss, 1966, R. (R.) elegans

Travassos, Artigas & Pereira, 1928, R. (R.)

fasciata Kloss, 1966, R. (R.) siluriformis, as

valid species, in a catalogue of Brazilian fish

nematodes. Later, Kohn & Fernandes (1987)

referred to R. (R.) acuminata in Leporellus

vittatus (Val., 1849) (= Leporellus pictus)

[Ferreirinha, Piava japonesa, Solteira, Black

banded leporinus] from the river Mogi-Guassú,

Pirassunuga, State of São Paulo. More recently,

Luque et al. (2005), also overlooking the

proposition of Moravec (1972a), reported to R.

(R.) fasciata (= R. (R.) acuminata) parasitizing

specimens of Geophagus brasiliensis (Quoy &

Gaimard, 1824) [Acará, Pearl cichlid] from

Lajes Reservoir, State of Rio de Janeiro. Also,

R. (R.) acuminata was further reported in

Astyanax bimaculatus (L., 1758) and A.

fasciatus from the same locality by Luque &

Paraguassú (2007), as well as in the siluriform

Auchenipterus osteomystax (Miranda-Ribeiro,

1918) [no English common name available.

Palmitinho (Brazil), Buzo, Hocicón, Pirá-

bicicleta (Argentina)] from Rosana's Reservoir

and the upper Paraná river, and from the upper

Paraná river flood plain, State of Paraná

(Takemoto et al., 2009; Tavernari et al., 2009).

Buhrnheim (1976) reported to a Rhabdochona

sp. in the intestine of Leporinus octofasciatus

Steind., 1915 (Ferreirinha, Piau, Piava, Eight-

banded leporinus) from Emas, Pirassununga,

State of São Paulo and Moreira (1994) referred

to a Rhabdochona sp. recovered from

specimens of Cichla kelberi Kullander &

Ferreira, 2006 (Tucunaré amarelo, Cichla

peacock bass [general common name for the

group], captured in the São Francisco river

basin, State of Minas Gerais. Brasil-Sato &

Santos (2005) also listed another Rhabdochona

sp. occurring in the pimelodid Conorhynchos

conirostris (Valenciennes, 1840) (=Pimelodus

conirostris) [Pirá, Pirá-tamanduá (Brazil). No

other common names] from the São Francisco

river basin, State of Minas Gerais. More

recently, Albuquerque (2009) referred to

Rhabdochona sp., parasitizing Triporteus

guentheri (Garman, 1890) [Hatchetfish, Piaba-

facão, Seca chuva] and Tetragonopterus

chalceus Spix & Agassiz, 1829 (Piaba-

rapadura, Sabaleta) from the Reservoir of Três

Marias, upper São Francisco river, State of

Minas Gerais.

In Venezuela, Diaz-Ungria (1968), proposed

Rhabdochona (R.) uruyeni from the intestine of

Piabucina sp. (Lebiasinidae) [Saltona], from

Uruyen, Auyantepui, Bolívar State.

Interestingly, in the summary of the paper (pag.

545, third paragraph, 1 line), perhaps due to a

misprint, there is a reference to a “Rhabdochona

colossomi n.sp.” instead of “Cucullanus

colossomi n.sp.”, also described together with

Rhabdochona (R.) uruyeni in this occasion.

Thus, R. colossomi is to be considered a nomen

nudum.

In Ecuador, Petter (1987), redescribed

Rhabdochona (R.) acuminata parasitizing

specimens of Tetragonopterus argenteus

Cuvier, 1816 (Sauá, Pacú reloj, Relojito) and

Leporinus pearsoni Fowler, 1940 (Fowler's

leporellus, Piau, Sardina, Septimo), from San

Pablo Kantesya, Aguarico River, Province of

Napo, Pimelodella sp. and Ciclidae sp. from

Hacienda Primavera, Napo River.

In Argentina, Cremonte et al. (2002), by means

of scanning electron microscopy (SEM)

presented the most accurate redescription of

Rhabdochoma (R.) acuminata on the basis of

specimens recovered from the intestine of the

siluriform Diplo mystes me sembrinus

Ringuelet, 1982 (Bagre aterciopelado

[Patagonia]) and Percichthys trucha

Neotrop. Helminthol., 4(1), 2010

(Valenciennes, 1833) (Perca criolla, Perca

trucha, Trucha criolla, Creole perch), captured

in Chubut River, province of Chubut,

Patagonia. Also, the presence of Rhabdochona

sp. was reported in other Argentinean hosts in

Patagonia by Ortubay et al. (1994), namely

Galaxias platei Steindachner, 1898 (Tollo

[Spanish common name]), Odontesthes

hatcheri Eigenmann, 1909 (Pejerrey

patagónico), the salmonid Oncorhynchus

mykiss (Walbaum, 1792) (Truta arco-íris,

Rainbow trout), and P. trucha. Curiously, the

reference listed by Cremonte et al. (2002) as

well as by Ramallo (2005) corresponding to

Petter (1987) and that is related to fish

nematodes from Ecuador is misspelled, since

the correct volume is 94 (not 91) and the pages

are 61-76, instead of 935-952. Ramallo (2005)

described Rhabdochona (Filochona) fabianae

recovered from Bryconamericus iheringi

Boulanger, 1887 (Lambari, Tetra, Mojarra) and

redecribed R. (R.) acuminata in Jenynsia

multidentata (Jenyns, 1842) [Barrigudinho,

Overito, Oversided livebearer, Rio de La Plata

oversided livebearer Overito]. Specimens of

both host species were collected from Medina

River, Province of Tucumán.

In Peru, Reyda (2008) cited the presence of

Rhabdochona sp. occurring in the spiral

intestine of the freshwater stingrays Paratrygon

aireba (Müller & Henle, 1841) [Arraia cururu,

Arraia disco, Arraia rajadinha, Ceja stingray]

and Potamotrygon cf castexi Castello &

Yagolkowski, 1969 [Vermiculate river stingray,

Otongo ray, Jaguar ray] captured in Madre de

Dios Department, Alto Madre de Dios River

(Boca Manu).

The present results complement and confirm

data after Mor avec (1972a), when

redescriptions and original figures of

Rhabdochona (R.) acuminata and R. (R.)

uruyeni were provided on the basis of the

examined type-specimens of both species, as

well as enlarge the list of hosts for Rhabdochona

spp. in South America, as indicated in this

updated briefing: BRAZIL - Rhabdochona (R.)

acuminata occurs in A. bimaculatus, A.

fasciatus, A. schubarti, Auchenipterus

osteomystax, Brycon falcatus, Geophagus

brasiliensis, Leporellus vittatus, Pimelodella

lateristriga, Tatia neivai. Rhabdochona (R.)

uruyeni is now referred in Pachyurus

squamipennis; Rhabdochona sp. was reported

in Cichla kelberi, Conorhynchos conirostris,

Leporinus octofasciatus, Tetragonopterus

chalceus, Triportheus guenteri; ARGENTINA -

Rhabdochona (R.) acuminata occurs in

Di pl om y st es me se mb rin us , J en yn sia

m u l t i d e n t a t a , P e rc i c h t h y s t r u c h a ;

Rhabdochona (F.) fabianae is reported in

B r y c o n a m e r i c u s i h e r i n g i , wh e re a s

Rhabdochona sp. was cited in Galaxias platei,

Odonthestes hatcheri, Oncorhynchus mykiss;

ECUADOR - Rhabdochona (R.) acuminata

was recovered from specimens of Cichlidae sp.,

Leporinus pearsoni, Pimelodella sp.; PERU -

Rhabdochona sp. is reported from Paratrygon

aireba, Pomatotrygon casteli; VENEZUELA -

Rhabdochona (R.) uruyeni was described on the

basis of nematodes parasitizing specimens of

Piabucina sp.

Based on the present data, it is early to affirm

that Rhabdochona (R.) acuminata, R. (F.)

fabianae and R. (R.) uruyeni are the only

species that occur in South America, until the

nominated generic Rhabdochona spp. have

been properly identified to its specific

diagnosis.

To Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento

Tecnológico e Científico (CNPq), Brazil, for

the financial support to the fellowship R. M.

Pinto.

Agrawal, V. 1965. Some new nematode

parasites from freshwater fishes of

Lucknow. I n di a n J o ur n a l o f

Helminthology, vol. 17, pp. 1-17.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Present status of South American Rhabdochona Pinto et al.

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Roberto Magalhães Pinto

Laboratório de Helmintos Parasitos de Vertebrados,

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Av. Brasil, 4365, 21040-900 Rio de Janeiro, Brasil

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