Neotrop. Helminthol., 6(2), 2012

2012 Asociación Peruana de Helmintología e Invertebrados Afines (APHIA)

ISSN: 2218-6425 impreso / ISSN: 1995-1043 on line

ORIGINAL ARTICLE / ARTÍCULO ORIGINAL

A NEW SPECIES OF TEREANCISTRUM (MONOGENEA, DACTYLOGYRIDAE) PARASITIC ON

PROCHILODUS LINEATUS (VALENCIENNES, 1837) (CHARACIFORMES) FROM

MOGIGUAÇU RIVER, BRAZIL

UNA NUEVA ESPECIE DE TEREANCISTRUM (MONOGENEA, DACTYLOGYRIDAE)

PARÁSITO DE PROCHILODUS LINEATUS (VALENCIENNES, 1837) (CHARACIFORMES) DEL

RIO MOGI GUAÇU, BRASIL

1 3

Patrícia B. Cepeda , Paulo S. Ceccarelli² & José L. Luque

1Curso de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Veterinárias da Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (CPGCV, UFRRJ), BR 465, Km 7 CEP 23890-000,

Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. email: pbarizon@gmail.com

²Centro Nacional de Pesquisa e Conservação de Peixes Continentais (CEPTA/ICMBio), Pirassununga, SP, Brasil. email: paulo.ceccarelli@icmbio.gov.br

3Departamento de Parasitologia Animal, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro,

Caixa Postal 74.508, CEP 23851-970, Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. email: luqueufrrj@gmail.com

Suggested citation: Patrícia B. Cepeda, Paulo S. Ceccarelli & José L. Luque. 2012. A new species of Tereancistrum (Monogenea,

Dactylogyridae) parasitic on Prochilodus lineatus (Valenciennes, 1837) (Characiformes) from Mogi Guaçu River, Brazil.

Neotropical Helminthology, vol. 6, N°2, pp. 205 - 210.

205

Abstract

Species of Prochilodus Agassiz 1829 are among the most abundant fishes of South America basins

and has good potential for pisciculture. During a study of the helminth parasites of Prochilodus

lineatus (Valenciennes, 1837) (Characiformes) from Mogi Guaçu River, Brazil, a new species of

Tereancistrum was collected. Tereancistrum pirassununguensis n. sp. can be distinguished from the

other Tereancistrium species mainly by having a reduced accessory anchor sclerite with a little groove

at the end; MCO as a sclerotized coiled tube forming two counterclockwise rings; an accessory piece

as an inverted C, rod-like, not articulated at the base of the MCO; curved ventral bar; hooks similar

with erect thumb and slightly curved shaft and point, slightly expanded shank proximally. This is the

first record of a species of Tereancistrum in the southeastern of Brazil.

Keywords: Brazil - Characidae - Dactylogyridae - Monogenea - Mogi Guaçu River - Prochilodus lineatus - Tereancistrum.

Resumen

Las especies del género Prochilodus Agassiz 1829 son de las más abundantes en los ríos de América del

Sur y presentan un buen potencial para la piscicultura. En investigaciones de monogeneos en

Prochilodus lineatus (Valenciennes, 1837) (Characiformes) del río de Mogi Guaçu, Brasil, fue

encontrada una nueva especie de Tereancistrum pirassununguensis n. sp. se distingue de las otras

especies del género principalmente por presentar el esclerito accesorio de la áncora ventral con un

pequeño surco en la extremidad. Además, presenta el órgano copulador masculino formando 2 anillos

en sentido anti horario; una pieza accesoria como una C invertida, cilindrica, que sirve como guía la

parte distal del órgano copulador masculino, no articulada en la base del OCM; barra ventral curva;

ganchos similares, pulgar erecto, lamina y punta levemente curvas, hasta levemente expandida en la

región proximal. Este es el primer registro de una especie de Tereancistrum en región sudeste de Brasil.

Palabras clave: Monogenea - Dactylogyridae - Tereancistrum - Prochilodus lineatus - Characidae - RioMogi Guaçu - Brasil.

Cepeda PB et al.

Tereancistrum in Prochilodus lineatus

Prochilodus lineatus (Valenciennes, 1837) is a

potamodromous and detritivorous fish species

commonly known as Curimba or Curimbatá

(Moraes et al., 1997). It is endemic from the basins

of the Parana, Paraguay and Paraiba do Sul rivers,

occurring in Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and

Uruguay (Froese & Pauly, 2012) and present a

good potential for pisciculture and a rapid growth

in intensive farming, being a species of greatest

economic value (Bonfim et al., 2005). Specimens

of P. lineatus were collected in the Mogi Guaçu

River (Pirassununga, State of São Paulo), an

important river in fishing activity which exhibiting

a rich ichthyofauna (Peixer & Petrere, 2009;

Gonçalves & Braga, 2010). Despite its great

diversity fish fauna of Mogi Guaçu River, a few

studies have been done about monogeneans. To

date, the monogenean species recorded in this

locality are Annulotrematoides bryconi Cuglianna,

Cordeiro & Luque, 2003 (Characidae) and

Apendunculata discoidea Cuglianna, Cordeiro &

Luque, 2009, parasitizing gills of Brycon cephalus

(Günther, 1869) (Characidae) and P. lineatus

(Valenciennes, 1837) (

described in pisciculture ponds from

Pirassununga, São Paulo (Cuglianna et al. 2003,

2009).

Pavanelliella were described from nasal cavities

of pimelodid fishes (Aguiar et al., 2011).

During a parasitological survey of P. lineatus from

Mogi Guaçu River, a previously undescribed

species of Tereancistrum was found in the gills.

Tereancistrum was proposed by Kritsky et al.

(1980) and currently is composed of six species: T.

kerri Kritsky, Thatcher & Kayton, 1980 (type-

species) from Brycon melanopterus (Cope, 1872)

(Characidae) of Janauaca River, Amazonas

(Brazil), T. ornatus Kritsky, Thatcher & Kayton,

1980 from Prochilodus reticulatus Steindachner,

of Cauca River

(Colômbia), T. parvus Kritsky, Thatcher &

Kayton, 1980 from Leporinus fasciatus (Bloch,

1974) (Anostomidae) of Amazonas River basin

(Brazil), T. toksonum Lizama, Takemoto &

Pavanelli, 2004 and T. curimba Lizama, Takemoto

& Pavanelli, 2004, both from P. lineatus of Paraná

River basin (Brazil) and more recently T. arcuatus

Cohen, Kohn and Boeger, 2012 from Salminus

Prochilodontidae),

respectively,

More recently, three species of

1878 (Prochilodontidae)

INTRODUCTION

brasiliensis (Cuvier, 1817) (Characidae) of Paraná

River (Brazil). Herein, a new species of this genus

is described and illustrated.

Specimens of P. lineatus were collected by using

gill nets or baited hooks from Mogi Guaçu River

(Southeastern State of São Paulo) (21°55'32.49"S;

47°22'13.76"W) in February 2010.

The gills were removed and placed in finger bowls

containing 4% formalin solution to fix the

ectoparasites. Some parasites were stained with

Gomori's trichrome and mounted in Canada

balsam and others monogeneans were mounted

using Gray and Wess medium and a mixture of

lactic acid (AL) and ammonium picrate glycerin

(Ergen's GAP solution) in order to study

sclerotized structures. After, processed worms

were remounted in Canada balsam (see Mendoza-

Franco et al. 2009).

The illustrations were made with a drawing tube

attached to a Olympus™

DIC microscopy. Measurements, all in

micrometers and were obtained using a calibrated

ocular micrometer, represented straight-line

distances between extreme points of the structures

measured (body length includes the haptor) and

were expressed as the mean followed by the range

and number (n) in parentheses. Holotype and

paratypes were deposited in the Helminthological

Collection of the Institute Oswaldo Cruz (CHIOC),

Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Scientific and common

names of hosts are consistent with Fishbase

(Froese & Pauly, 2012).

Tereancistrum Kritsky, Thatcher & Kayton, 1980

Tereancistrum pirassununguensis n. sp. (Fig. 1-8)

Description (based on 4 stained specimens, on 7 in

Grey and Wess medium and on 9 specimens

mounted in GAP medium): Body fusiform and

robust,193 (175-222; n=9) long, greatest width 82

(61-112; n=6). Cephalic margin broad, cephalic

lobes poorly developed, 3 bilateral pairs of head

organs, cephalic glands indistinct. Two pairs of

differential interference

contrast ( )

MATERIALS AND METHODS

206

RESULTS

Neotrop. Helminthol., 6(2), 2012

eyespots, posterior pair of eyes greater than

anterior pair, a few accessory granules dispersed in

anterior body. Pharynx subovate, 13 (11-16; n=4)

in diameter. Peduncle broad. Haptor armed with

14(7 pairs) hooks; subhexagonal, 57-60 (n=2)

wide. Ventral anchor with not developed roots,

elongate and evenly curved shaft and point, 21 (21-

22; n=3) long, base 13 (12-13; n=3) wide.

Accessory anchor sclerite, 9 (8-11; n=12) long,

small, with a little groove at the end. Dorsal anchor

with well-developed roots, straight shaft and

curved point, 23 (21-24; n=8) long, 18 (15-22;

n=8) wide. Ventral bar, 38 (33-44; n=9) long,

curved; dorsal bar, 27 (22-30; n=8) long, Y-shaped.

Hooks similar in size and shape, 13 (13-14; n=11)

long, erect thumb, slightly curved shaft and point,

shank slightly expanded proximally; FH loop

about half of length shank. Male copulatory organ

as a sclerotized coiled tube forming 2

counterclockwise rings, proximal ring, 8 (7-9;

n=3) in diameter. Accessory piece,13 (11-14; n=3)

long, as an inverted C, rod-like, serving as guide of

the distal portion of the male copulatory organ, not

articulated at the base of the MCO. Gonads

overlapping. Testis dorsal to germarium, ovate, 25

(24-27; n=3) long, 20 (15-25; n=3) wide; vas

deferens and seminal vesicle not observed; an oval

prostatic reservoir. Germarium ovate, 39 (36-44;

n=3) long, 17-16 (n=2) wide; a delicate vaginal

duct, slightly sclerotized, opening into rounded

seminal receptacle. A vaginal aperture opening in

the left margin of the body. Vitellaria dense and

scattered throughout trunk.

Taxonomic Summary

Type host: Prochilodus lineatus (Valenciennes,

1837) (Characiformes: Prochilodontidae)

Site of infection: gills

Type locality: Mogi Guaçu River, Pirassununga,

SP (21°55'32.49''S; 47°22'13.76''W)

Specimens deposited: Holotype, CHIOC No

37816a and paratypes CHIOC No37816b-j.

Etymology: The specific name

refers type locality: Pirassununga.

Remarks

The new species was included into Tereancistrum

mainly by having ventral anchors with accessory

anchor sclerite articulated to tip of superficial root.

The new species resembles the species T. parvus

by exhibit a sclerotized male copulatory organ as a

is a toponym that

to the

coiled tube forming counterclockwise rings; hooks

having an erect thumb with slightly curved shaft

and point and a small proximal enlargement of

shank; dorsal anchor with developed roots; and a

sinistral vagina as simple sclerotized tube.

However, the new species can be separated from T.

parvus by showing a small accessory anchor

sclerite with a little groove at the distal end

(accessory anchor sclerite is longer presenting a

small spathulate termination in T. parvus); a MCO

forming 2 counterclockwise rings (MCO forming

1 ¼ counterclockwise rings in T. parvus); an

accessory piece as an inverted C, rod-like, serving

as guide of the distal portion of the male copulatory

organ (flabellate, with a terminal blunt projection

in T. parvus); dorsal anchor with straight shaft and

curved point (slightly curved shaft and short point

in T. parvus); ventral bar curved (with tapered ends

in T. parvus); and dorsal bar Y-shaped (broadly V-

shaped in T. parvus). Tereancistrum

pirassununguensis n. sp also resembles T.

toksonum and T. curimba by the morphology of the

hooks, MCO, vagina and additionally, dorsal bar.

The new species can be easily differentiated from

T. toksonum and T. curimba by the shape of the

MCO (forming 1 ¼ counterclockwise rings in T.

toksonum and T. curimba); accessory piece

(variable in T. toksonum and T. curimba); ventral

anchors (robust with well-developed roots, short

shaft and recurved point in T. toksonum and T.

curimba); accessory anchor sclerite (robust with

spatulate end in T. toksonum and T. curimba);

dorsal anchor (divergent roots in T. toksonum and

T. curimba); and ventral bar (formed by thin

sclerotized membrane with tick posterior margin

and with reniform terminations, in T. toksonum and

T. curimba, respectively). Other differences are in

the shape of the ends of the dorsal bar (ends

modified for attachment to dorsal anchors in T.

curimba); and in the shape of the vaginal duct

(sinuous in T. toksonum).The results presented

here, contribute to expand the knowledge on the

geographical distribution of species of

Tereancistrum in Brazil.

The author´s thanks are due to Laerte Batista de

Oliveira Alves, National Center for Research and

Conservation of Continental Fishes

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

207

208

Cepeda PB et al.

Tereancistrum in Prochilodus lineatus

Figures 1–8. Tereancistrum pirassununguensis n.sp. Whole mount, ventral view. 2. Ventral anchor. 3. Dorsal

anchor. 4. Ventral bar. 5. Dorsal bar. 6. Sclerotized structures of Copulatory complex, ventral view. 7. Hook. 8.

Vagina. Scale bars: 50 µm (Fig. 1), 25 µm (Figures. 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8).

209

Neotrop. Helminthol., 6(2), 2012

(CEPTA/ICMBio) for their assistance and

logistical support provided during fish collections.

Ma. Leopoldina Aguirre-Macedo and Victor

Vidal-Martinez (CINVESTAV-IPN Unidad

Mérida) furnished laboratory supplies and space

during Ph.D. stay of PBC at CINVESTAV. PBC

was supported by a Research Fellowship from

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de

Nível Superior (CAPES-BEX 1820/10-9). JLL

was supported by a Research Fellowship from

CNPq (Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento

Científico e Tecnológico, Brazil).

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1837) (Characiformes: Prochilodontidae)

from southeastern Brazil. Brazilian Journal

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species from South America with the

proposal of Tereancistrum gen. n. and

Trinibaculum gen. n. (Dactylogyridae:

Ancyrocephalinae). Acta Amazônica,

vol.10, pp. 411 - 417.

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210

Cepeda PB et al.

Tereancistrum in Prochilodus lineatus

Correspondence a u t h o r / Autor p a r a

correspondencia:

José L. Luque

3Departamento de Parasitologia Animal,

Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro,

Caixa Postal 74.508, CEP 23851-970, Seropédica,

Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

E-mail/ correo electrónico:

luqueufrrj@gmail.com

Received August 2, 2012.

Accepted October 5, 2012.