PRESENCIA DE METALES PESADOS EN LA PALOMITA MARAQUITA (COLUMBINA SQUAMMATA LESSON 1831), DEL ESTADO SUCRE, VENEZUELA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24039/rtb201614185Palabras clave:
Columbina squammata, metales pesados, plumas, sangreResumen
Se determinaron las concentraciones de los metales plomo (Pb), cadmio (Cd), zinc (Zn), cobre (Cu) y cromo (Cr) en muestras de sangre y plumas de la Palomita Maraquita (Columbina squammata). Diez individuos fueron capturados en una localidad rural agrícola del estado Sucre, Venezuela, y a cada uno se le extrajo 1,5 ml de sangre a través de la vena radial, y se tomaron plumas del pecho y las remeras, las cuales se pesaron y digirieron (HNO al 65%) en un horno 3 digestor; posteriormente se analizaron en un Espectrofotómetro de Absorción Atómica con flujo de aire–acetileno y corrector de fondo de deuterio. Al comparar ambos tejidos no se detectó presencia de Cr; en el resto, excepto el Cd, existieron diferencias significativas. Las plumas arrojaron mayores concentraciones de metales que la sangre, quizá porque son estructuras inertes que van bioacumulando metales durante su crecimiento, para luego eliminarlos con la muda periódica; estos metales pueden ser incorporados de fuentes externas durante el acicalamiento y/o la exposición directa de las plumas a los mismos, e internamente durante el transporte de los metales por el torrente sanguíneo y fijarse a la queratina. Los bajos niveles de metales pesados encontrados en sangre reflejarían su absorción directa inmediata del alimento consumido, en menos de una semana, antes de la toma de muestras. Los niveles de Zn fueron los más altos en ambos tejidos; no obstante, a los niveles obtenidos es toxicológicamente inocuo. En general, las concentraciones de los metales pesados obtenidos en las palomas no se consideran alarmantes a pesar de que la zona presenta una intensa actividad agrícola.Descargas
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